司法 · 民权执法

迪隆领导下的民权司转向,律师接连离职

官员称数百人离职,联邦政府撤回了数十起案件中的工作。司法部对他们的说法提出异议,而法院记录显示,执法工作既遭遇挫折,也仍在持续处理残障权益诉讼。

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1 篇报道23 家媒体34 个来源

对于因使用服务性动物或轮椅而被拒载的乘客,联邦民权执法意味着政府可以代为追查投诉,否则就只能由当事人自行抗争。调查结束,或司法部在诉讼中撤回其法律立场时,联邦政府的支持便会减弱——即使当事人的基础诉求仍然存在。

这正是司法部民权司动荡所涉及的现实利害。NPR在2026年10月11日的一篇报道中称,在该司负责人哈米特·K·迪隆(Harmeet K. Dhillon)的领导下,执法议程发生变化,数百名律师离职,官员称数十起案件中的调查和法庭介入被放弃。司法部对这些官员对影响的描述提出异议,并否认改变了招聘做法。迪隆坚持认为,该司平等执行民权法律。1

现有记录既不支持“该司已停止所有传统执法工作”的说法,也不足以令人放心地认定其过去的工作毫无减损地继续。针对Uber的残障出行诉讼经受住了驳回挑战;政府针对哈佛的反犹歧视诉状则未能成立。这些具体诉讼有助于检视该司的选择,却无法衡量它放弃了多少工作。14 25

人员构成发生变化,但人数未能可靠统计

据NPR报道,现任和前任官员估计,特朗普重返白宫后,约有300名律师离开该司。司法部表示已聘用约130名替代律师。官员还称,在这波离职潮中,该司多达80%的员工离职。这些是经归属的说法,并非对当前人员情况经过核实的普查。1

关键事实

  1. 约300人现任和前任官员估计的律师离职人数 1
  2. 约130人司法部报告的替代律师聘用人数 1

律师人数和全体员工离职比例没有共同的确定基数,报告所涵盖的时间段也未完全说明。将这些数字相减并得出确切的空缺人数,会制造虚假的精确性。更重要但缺失的数据包括各执法部门的人员配置、留下人员的经验,以及分配给新聘律师的案件。

早在这篇10月报道之前,律师离职就已有相关报道。NPR于2025年5月19日发布的标题称,民权司70%的律师离职。这是更早的一篇仅涉及律师的报道,并非对当前全体员工人数的另一项估计;此处未确定其数字的统计基数和计算方法。8

有关招聘的分歧尚未解决。NPR称,离职员工由意识形态立场相近的人士接替;官员则表示招聘做法发生变化,司法部否认有这种变化。现有报道无法确定争议涉及的具体面试程序、职业公务员审核的变化或政治背景筛选标准。因此,现有材料支持的是对该机构运作方式存在争议,而非认定其违反了招聘法律。1

政策方向比选拔过程更为明确。彭博法律新闻在2026年9月16日的报道中称,迪隆的优先事项是保护枪支拥有者和打击非法移民。这一有日期的描述有助于说明政府议程,但不能证明该司所有部门如今都在追求这些目标,也不能证明所有歧视案件都已被搁置。4

撤回不等于败诉

四名现任和前任民权司官员告诉NPR,特朗普重返白宫后,数十起案件中的调查被终止,政府提交的利益陈述也被撤回。目前无法确定这两类事项的完整清单或各自的总数。受影响的申诉人数同样未知。1

这些区别很重要。终止调查意味着联邦政府停止该项调查。利益陈述允许政府在他人的案件中阐明其法律立场;撤回该陈述本身并不会驳回诉讼,也不能证明诉讼程序已经结束。政府自己的诉讼败诉,则是第三种不同的情况。把这三种情况合并统计为民权案件败诉,会掩盖相关当事人实际经历了什么。

NPR报道称,法官驳回了司法部针对各州、要求其提供选民信息的二十多起诉讼。这是报道所称的一项重大挫折,但此处未确定具体案件及驳回理由。这个数量无法说明每位法官都否决了同一项论点,也无法说明每次驳回都裁定了案件实体问题,或所有此类诉讼都已结束。1

哈佛案提供了一个更明确的例子。2026年3月20日,美国政府在马萨诸塞联邦地区法院依据《民权法案》第六章,对哈佛大学校长及校董会提起执法诉讼,案号为26-11352-RGS。8月13日,理查德·G·斯特恩斯法官依据《联邦民事诉讼规则》第12(b)(6)条,以未能陈述可获救济的诉求为由,批准了哈佛提出的驳回动议。14 16

《哈佛深红报》报道称,斯特恩斯认为,所引用的反犹事件“过于零散且偶发”,不足以确立政府所指称的违法行为。这是政府自己的执法诉讼,并非由学生原告提起的诉讼,也不是哈佛针对联邦资金削减另行提起的诉讼。23 14

基于诉状的驳回,并非在全部证据呈堂后作出的审判裁决。这不代表反犹事件从未发生,也不代表犹太学生没有正当关切。目前无法确定政府能否修订诉状、驳回是否具有禁止重新起诉的效力,以及之后是否提起上诉。现有证据支持的结论更有限:政府的这份诉状未能成立。14 23

仍在继续的执法工作

Uber诉讼为“执法工作全面放弃”这一说法提供了一个具体反例。2025年9月11日,政府在加利福尼亚北区联邦地区法院提起美国诉Uber科技公司案,案号为3:25-cv-07731。司法部次日宣布了这起诉讼。24 26 28

诉状指称Uber违反《美国残疾人法案》第三章,侵害使用服务性动物或行动辅助设备(包括可折叠轮椅)的乘客权益。诉状指称,Uber经常拒绝提供服务、不当收费,且未能合理调整政策以避免残疾歧视。这些仍是指控,并非认定Uber应承担责任。26 27

2026年2月6日,司法部反对Uber提出的驳回动议,文件列明迪隆为助理司法部长。法院的裁定驳回了该动议:诉状经受住了驳回挑战,但这并不意味着政府已经赢得案件。查到的案卷信息截至8月11日的一份文件及8月12日的一次更新;不足以确定截至10月11日完整的诉讼程序状态。31 25 28

这起案件不同于2021年11月10日提起的诉讼。后者针对与残障有关的候车时间收费,涉及需要超过两分钟才能上车的乘客;这段时间可能包括拆卸并收纳轮椅或助行器。和解文件将那起较早的案件列为3:21-cv-08735-WHA,但现有摘录未确定文件的签署日期和条款。不能把较新的出行服务指控视为已经和解或证实的行为。30 33

NPR还报道称,一些住房执法工作仍在继续,但现有材料未指明相关被告、指控或结果。未具体说明的住房执法案件组合,以及一宗仍在审理的出行服务案件,都无法衡量该司的整体工作量。同样,关于人员离职和撤回案件的说法,也不能证明残障人士和住房权益保护已彻底停止。1

本文资料来源

NPR:10月11日关于该司工作和人员状况的报道。转载媒体:佐治亚公共广播电台、蒙大拿公共广播电台。1 2 3

彭博法律新闻:《特朗普愿景下的司法部:民权工作重塑》。4

《民权红线:倒推分析》。《大西洋月刊》:《哈米特·迪隆没有浪费时间》。《洛杉矶时报》:“彻底的180度转变”。5 6 7

NPR:2025年5月19日关于律师离职的报道,以及2025年5月12日关于律师大批离职的报道。8 13

相关摘要和报道:Newsgather;WDC News 6;Particle;《新共和》;DNYUZ。9 10 11 12 34

哈佛法院裁定副本:CourtListener、Courthouse News以及PACERMonitor的两份文件。14 16 17 21

哈佛案驳回裁定的相关报道:NPR、CBS新闻、PBS新闻、CNN、Inside Higher Ed和《哈佛深红报》。15 18 19 20 22 23

较新的Uber案:司法部案件页面、驳回裁定、公告、诉状及反对驳回动议的文件。24 25 26 27 31

Uber诉讼记录和相关报道:CourtListener、民权诉讼资料库、美联社。28 29 32

较早的Uber候车时间收费案:司法部案件页面及和解文件。30 33

播出原貌 15 行
  1. A federal judge dismissed the government's antisemitism complaint against Harvard. Across the Civil Rights Division, officials describe dozens of investigations and court interventions being dropped as hundreds of lawyers leave. Those decisions affect people seeking federal protection from discrimination. The unresolved question is whose complaints still receive that protection, and whose have lost it.
  2. Harmeet Dhillon says the division enforces civil-rights laws equally. She directs that work under President Donald Trump. But current and former division officials describe a retreat from investigations and court participation, and the Justice Department disputes how they describe the effects.
  3. Protecting gun owners and fighting illegal immigration were among Dhillon's priorities described in September. Those priorities help explain the changed agenda, though individual sections handle different work. Officials also say hiring practices changed as ideological allies replaced departing staff. The department denies changing its hiring practices. That dispute hasn't been resolved, and the specific selection procedures haven't been explained.
  4. Current and former officials estimate about 300 attorneys left after Trump returned to office. The department says it hired about 130 replacements. Officials also put staff departures during the exit wave at up to 80 percent. Those figures count different groups.
  5. The figures don't tell us how many people work there now, or which enforcement sections retained experienced lawyers. A May 2025 estimate put the share of division lawyers leaving at 70 percent. That earlier lawyer-only estimate covers a different population from the later staff figure. Former attorneys Christy Lopez and Dena Robinson are among those discussing departures, institutional knowledge, hiring and enforcement.
  6. Four current and former officials describe dozens of cases affected by dropped investigations or withdrawn statements of interest. A statement of interest lets the federal government present its legal position in someone else's case. Withdrawing it leaves the underlying proceeding to continue.
  7. Ending an investigation stops that federal inquiry. Withdrawing a legal position removes the government's participation in that form. A judge dismissing a lawsuit has a different consequence again. For someone seeking protection, those decisions determine whether federal investigators keep working and whether the government brings its legal authority into court.
  8. Judges have reportedly dismissed more than two dozen Justice Department lawsuits demanding voter information from states. That puts a concrete setback alongside the division's changed priorities. The reasons for those dismissals aren't clear case by case.
  9. Each ruling would have to be examined to understand what authority the government invoked and why its lawsuit failed. The reported count alone can't show whether judges reached the same legal conclusion. The Harvard complaint provides a more specific example of an enforcement effort rejected in court.
  10. The government sued Harvard on March 20 under Title Six, the federal civil-rights law governing discrimination in federally funded programs. On August 13, Judge Richard G. Stearns granted Harvard's dismissal motion because the government's complaint failed to state a claim.
  11. Stearns described the cited antisemitic incidents as “too isolated and episodic” to show the violation alleged. He assessed whether the complaint made a legally sufficient case before trial. His ruling concerned the government's own enforcement action. Harvard's challenge to federal funding cuts is a separate lawsuit. The dismissal settled the sufficiency of this complaint, leaving the broader disputes over Harvard and antisemitism beyond that decision.
  12. The government also pursued a disability-access case against Uber. It alleges passengers using service animals or mobility devices, including stowable wheelchairs, were routinely refused rides. The complaint also alleges impermissible charges and policies that Uber failed to reasonably change to prevent disability discrimination.
  13. The government brought those allegations under the Americans with Disabilities Act. Uber's liability hasn't been decided. An older lawsuit, filed in November 2021, challenged disability-related wait-time fees. It concerned passengers who needed more than two minutes to enter a vehicle, including time to dismantle and store a wheelchair or walker. The newer case addresses ride access and the conduct alleged in that complaint.
  14. The newer suit was filed September 11, 2025, in Northern California. The department defended it against dismissal on February 6, with Dhillon listed as its civil-rights chief. The court denied Uber's motion. Another filing followed on August 11. Its precise status now isn't clear.
  15. Some housing enforcement has continued too. But those continuing matters don't measure the division's overall workload. Federal protection still reaches some disability and housing claims, while officials describe other work being abandoned. A complete case-by-case accounting of the withdrawals is still missing, leaving their consequences for affected people unclear.

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