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国际 · 摩尔多瓦无人机侵入事件

俄罗斯无人机坠落在居民住宅附近后,摩尔多瓦宣布驱逐措施

专家销毁了在摩尔多瓦中部居民住宅附近寻获的一枚52.4公斤弹头。无人机的完整航线以及俄罗斯大使馆一名工作人员是否离境,仍未得到确认。

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译自英文原文。

新闻追踪第 2 天

1 篇报道12 家媒体18 个来源

  1. 第 1 次更新俄罗斯无人机坠落在居民住宅附近后,摩尔多瓦宣布驱逐措施当前位置

俄罗斯对乌克兰的战争已促使摩尔多瓦计划在边境口岸设置避难所,此前10月5日的一次袭击造成一名边防人员轻伤。10月16日又发生无人机侵入事件。最近一次越境事件中,一架载有炸药的俄罗斯攻击无人机飞近摩尔多瓦中部的居民住宅,并促使当局宣布驱逐一名外交人员,但驱逐是否落实仍未得到确认。1

这架无人机于2026年10月23日进入摩尔多瓦领空,随后在泰莱内什蒂区的基什特尔尼察(Chiștelnița,亦作Kistelnita)被发现。摩尔多瓦当天宣布将对俄罗斯驻摩尔多瓦大使馆的一名工作人员采取行动。10月24日的后续报道披露了对当地居民意义重大的进展:专家已拆除并销毁无人机弹头;TVR Moldova报道称,弹头重52.4公斤。这些是关于同一架被寻获无人机的发现,并非第二起侵入事件。1 2 13 15

这一区分在两个方面都很重要。寻获的爆炸物危险已得到处理。但无人机的完整飞行路线和使馆工作人员是否离境,都尚未得到证实。

住宅附近的弹头

一名当地居民向警方报告了这架无人机。警方称其距一栋住宅楼约100米;IPN则称距离不足100米。这些都是约略说法,并非公开发布的测绘数据。最初的报道没有提及伤者或其他人员伤亡,但这并不意味着损失评估已经完成。1 14 17

总统玛雅·桑杜表示,无人机还坠落在一处能源设施附近。该设施的名称及其与弹药的确切距离尚未查明。如此接近居民区,确实使危险变得具体可感,但这并不能证明住宅或该设施是预定目标。2

警方封锁了该区域,爆炸物处理专家则对弹药进行了处置和检查。IPN在10月24日的后续报道中称,摩尔多瓦警察总署将该无人机确认为“格兰-4型”。报道称,其配备一枚重逾52公斤的温压弹头;TVR Moldova给出了更精确的52.4公斤数字,并报道其具有温压和破片效应。13 15

专家安全地拆除了弹头,并在受控行动中将其销毁。与仅仅确认无人机型号或让民众留在警戒线后相比,这对附近居民的意义更大:寻获的爆炸物已被解除威胁。不应将据报的受控销毁与无人机坠落时发生爆炸混为一谈。后续报道确认了处置结果,但没有提供确切的处置时间。13 15

飞行过程仍有未解之处

摩尔多瓦国防部称,该无人机在俄罗斯对乌克兰发动大规模袭击期间从乌克兰方向进入。其飞行路线从乌克兰文尼察州的维尔赫尼亚·斯洛博德卡方向,朝卡缅卡区的弗伦泽乌卡飞去;该区位于摩尔多瓦受俄罗斯控制的德涅斯特河沿岸地区。之后的观测描绘了无人机飞越多个区的部分轨迹,并非通往寻获地点的连续航线。1

10月23日据报的追踪情况

  1. 当地时间10月23日下午1:59

    国防部记录显示,这架无人机从乌克兰方向进入摩尔多瓦领空。

    1
  2. 当地时间10月23日下午2:10

    监测系统在森杰雷区佩佩尼附近失去该无人机的踪迹。

    1
  3. 当地时间10月23日下午2:12

    短暂重新出现后,监测系统再次在雷济纳区梅谢尼附近失去该无人机的踪迹。

    1

最后一个据报的追踪点位于梅谢尼附近;寻获的无人机则在基什特尔尼察。因而,监测系统最后一次失去该无人机踪迹的位置,既不能确定为坠毁地点,也不能确定为坠毁时间。当局没有提供无人机坠落的确切时间。若将最后一次观测当作撞击点,就等于填补了证据尚未厘清的空白。1

调查已确定警方寻获的是哪种无人机,以及其爆炸物后来如何处置。但调查尚未查明无人机为何偏离袭击乌克兰的航线、预设目的地、完整航线或坠落原因。据报道的调查结果也尚未对制导方式或预定目标作出最终鉴定结论。13 15

宣布驱逐,但离境尚未确认

桑杜以已完成的口吻描述外交回应。她说:“俄罗斯的战争持续让摩尔多瓦人的生命面临风险。”她还表示:“作为回应,我们已宣布一名俄罗斯大使馆工作人员为不受欢迎的人。”这一认定意味着该工作人员不再受到欢迎。措施针对的是俄罗斯驻基希讷乌大使馆的一名工作人员,并非全体工作人员,也不涉及关闭使馆。2

外交部被引述的声明措辞则有所不同:“在此背景下,作为报复性措施,俄罗斯驻基希讷乌大使馆的一名工作人员将被宣布为不受欢迎的人。”IPN在10月23日的报道同样将这一措施描述为尚待实施;而《基辅独立报》当天的报道则援引桑杜的话,将宣布驱逐描述为已经完成。这些报道支持10月23日曾发布相关公告,但无法证明正式落实发生在另一个日期。2 5 1

该工作人员的姓名和职级、离境期限以及已离境的确认信息均尚未查明。因此,若称摩尔多瓦已将这名工作人员驱逐出境,就超出了现有证据的范围。外交部谴责此次侵入事件侵犯主权、直接威胁公共安全,并要求停止跨境侵入以及破坏地区安全的活动。2 5

播出原貌 17 行
  1. A Russian attack drone fell near family homes in Moldova.
  2. The drone carried a 52.4-kilogram warhead. Specialists have destroyed the explosives, and Moldova has announced the expulsion of one Russian Embassy employee.
  3. Investigators still need to explain how the drone reached the village, while the employee's departure remains unconfirmed.
  4. A local resident alerted police to the drone in Chiștelnița, also known as Kistelnita, in Telenești district. Police placed it about 100 meters from a residential building. Another estimate put it closer. No injuries have been reported.
  5. The drone entered Moldovan airspace on October 23, 2026, during a large-scale Russian attack on neighboring Ukraine. Moldova announced the diplomatic action later that day. The identification and disposal findings followed on October 24, describing what specialists learned about the same recovered drone.
  6. Specialists identified a 52.4-kilogram warhead with thermobaric and fragmentation effects. Police identified the recovered drone as a Geran-4. That finding gave residents a clearer picture of the explosive hazard that had landed close to a home.
  7. Police cordoned off the area while explosive-ordnance specialists secured and examined the munition. The specialists safely removed the warhead and destroyed it in a controlled operation. That dealt with the recovered explosive hazard near residents. The controlled destruction took place as part of the disposal operation.
  8. Moldova's Defense Ministry tracked the drone entering from the direction of Ukraine. Its reported approach ran from Verkhnia Slobidka, in Ukraine's Vinnytsia region, toward Frunzăuca in Camenca district. That district lies in Moldova's Russian-controlled Transnistrian region.
  9. The monitoring points stretched across several districts. After the entry near Camenca, the military lost the drone near Pepeni in Sîngerei district. It briefly reappeared, then disappeared again near Meșeni in Rezina district. Police later found the recovered drone in Chiștelnița, in the country's center.
  10. The military recorded entry at 1:59 p.m. local time. Monitoring first lost the drone at 2:10 p.m., then lost it again at 2:12 p.m. after a brief reappearance. Those observations leave gaps in its flight before recovery.
  11. The last tracking point was near Meșeni, while the wreckage was found in Chiștelnița. The exact time it came down hasn't been given. President Maia Sandu also said it fell near an energy facility, bringing the danger close to both family homes and infrastructure.
  12. Sandu said Moldova had declared one Russian Embassy employee persona non grata, meaning the employee was no longer welcome. She condemned the airspace breach and said, “Russia's war keeps putting Moldovan lives at risk.”
  13. The Foreign Ministry called the incursion a violation of Moldova's sovereignty and a direct threat to public safety. It demanded an end to cross-border incursions and activities undermining regional security. Its announcement described the diplomatic step in different terms from the president.
  14. The Foreign Ministry said the employee “will be declared persona non grata.” Sandu described the declaration as already completed. Both statements concern one employee of the Russian Embassy in Chișinău, with the announcement following the drone's incursion that day.
  15. Moldova has also withdrawn customs officers and border police from four joint border posts on Ukrainian territory. Interior Minister Daniela Misail-Nikitin said officials were negotiating to move Ukrainian personnel onto Moldovan territory for joint inspections. Arrangements had been reached for two crossings.
  16. A border guard suffered minor injuries during a Russian attack on October 5, when a bus and border booth were struck. Moldova announced shelter plans for border crossings on October 7. Further Russian drone incursions followed on October 16.
  17. The recovered warhead has now been destroyed. Investigators haven't explained why the drone left the course of the attack on Ukraine or where it was meant to go. Moldova hasn't confirmed that the embassy employee has left the country.

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