灾害 · 学校屋顶坍塌

白沙瓦学校坍塌：据报至少35人死亡，原因尚未查明

救援人员已清理瓦砾，但三名头部严重受伤的儿童仍在接受治疗。调查人员必须解释，为何一所注册学校的教室会发生坍塌。

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  1. 第 1 次更新白沙瓦学校坍塌：据报至少35人死亡，原因尚未查明当前位置

一所注册学校为何会在上课期间，教室所在建筑发生坍塌？在白沙瓦，这个问题如今伴随着巨大的伤亡：据报至少35人死亡，其中包括34名儿童和一名教师。搜救已经结束，校主已被逮捕，调查人员仍未查明建筑为何坍塌。76

2026年10月15日，星期四，巴基斯坦西北部开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省首府一所私立学校——海尔教育中心——发生屋顶坍塌。据报被困的所有人员均已获救，瓦砾也已清理完毕。但医院里的救治仍在继续：据Lady Reading医院最新消息，三名头部严重受伤的儿童仍在接受治疗。76 8

关键事实

  1. 至少35人据报死亡人数；最终数字尚未核对一致 7678
  2. 超过50人据报事件中受伤人数 76
  3. 3人仍在接受严重头部伤治疗的儿童 8

当地称这所学校位于迪尔殖民区（Dir Colony，也拼作Deir Colony）和阿夫里迪阿巴德。这些地名指的是同一起坍塌事故，而非不同的灾难。紧急服务部门于巴基斯坦时间上午约8:48接到警报；这是据报的接警时间，并非经独立核实的屋顶确切坍塌时刻。5 8

那是年幼学生一个寻常的上学早晨。受伤教师马赫维什·扎曼在病床上说，坍塌时「感觉就像天空塌了下来」。她估计，这所开设幼儿园至五年级课程的学校有约1,200名学生。这是全校人数的估计，并非受影响教室内或瓦砾下的人数。78

搜救结束，治疗仍在继续

狭窄街道和交通拥堵给进入这栋多层建筑带来困难；该建筑通常被描述为三层。紧急服务部门发言人比拉尔·法伊齐称，近100名救援人员参与行动，救护车和灾害救援人员在五分钟内抵达。他认为，快速响应至少挽救了40人的生命。这是他对救援行动的评估，并非可与其他救援数字相加的另一项幸存者人数。5 76

早期报道反映了搜救期间的不确定性。警察局长米安·赛义德·艾哈迈德称，受影响的三间教室里有110名学生，并表示其中47人已获救。地区应急官员伊夫蒂哈尔·汗则另行称，至少45名儿童已被救出，另有更多人据报被埋在废墟下。这些数字没有按照时间或类别核对一致，不能从教室人数中直接减去，以计算失踪人数。1

如今，救援行动完成的消息已取代了那些警告。副专员阿法克·瓦齐尔称：「救援队已经清理完所有瓦砾，现场没有更多受伤儿童。」无人仍待救援，这是一个重要变化；但它并未确定死亡人数，也未说明受伤儿童的预后。8

Lady Reading医院接收了20名受伤儿童。医院发言人穆罕默德·阿西姆告诉《黎明报》，其中大多数随后已出院，但三名头部严重受伤的儿童仍在接受治疗。这20人是该医院接收人数，并非全事件超过50人的受伤总人数。报道未说明所有伤者中有多少是儿童、多少是成年人。8 76

为何伤亡数字仍属暂定

据报死亡人数有所上升，但现有报道仍未提供经过核对的最终数字。NPR在10月15日的报道中最初记载，至少28名儿童和一名女教师遇难；《卫报》记载至少27名学生和一名教师遇难。美联社最新报道已取代这两个较低数字，该报道由《亚特兰大宪政报》和《环球邮报》转载，称至少34名儿童和一名教师遇难。2 1 76 78

医院分项统计仍低于上述合计数字。《黎明报》报道，Lady Reading医院有33人死亡：32名年龄在7至14岁之间的学生和一名女教师。BBC的交叉报道还提到，Naseerullah Khan Babar纪念医院有一名儿童死亡，因此总数为34人。这一分项统计尚未与美联社报道的至少35人死亡这一数字核对一致。既不能把较高数字称为官方最终统计，也不能编造一套解释每次数字上升的过程。8 6 76

年龄描述也发生了变化。NPR最初报道称，所有遇难或受伤儿童的年龄都不超过13岁。美联社后续报道引用医院发言人穆罕默德·阿西姆的话称，儿童年龄普遍在6至12岁之间，年龄最大的为14岁。《黎明报》对医院死亡人数的具体报道则给出的年龄范围为7至14岁。遇难者绝大多数是年幼儿童，但先前所说的年龄上限已不再成立。2 76 8

逮捕不等于查明原因

调查人员必须先还原坍塌过程，才能确定责任归属。法伊齐称，两间教室的屋顶坍塌时，二、三年级的儿童正与教师一起在教室内。初步救援情况报告称，上层屋顶坠落到下层，并造成两层楼进一步坍塌。警方早期通报提到有三间教室受影响。这些描述尚不足以构成确切的楼层平面图或工程鉴定结论。76 8 1

警察局长米安·赛义德·艾哈迈德提出了直截了当的初步判断：「屋顶超载，结构薄弱，施工增加了负担，导致坍塌。」这指出了一条调查方向，但并未证实屋顶的设计承载能力、实际承受的荷载、哪些施工因素造成影响，或谁应承担法律责任。8

校主穆罕默德·汗已被逮捕。据警方称，他把屋顶变弱归咎于本周的降雨。这仍是校主的说法，由警方转述，并非已查明的原因。现有报道并未证实正式指控清单、第一信息报告是否已完成、逮捕时间、是否出庭或羁押裁定。逮捕本身既不能证明疏忽，也不能证明有罪。78 56

省政府已成立调查委员会。TNN援引一份部门通知称，私立学校监管局的贾韦德·伊克巴尔任主席，教育部副秘书长穆罕默德·法鲁克任委员。该监管机构的员工页面将伊克巴尔列为常务董事。现有通知摘录未列出第三名委员，也未说明委员会提交报告的期限。53 61

另一项指示提供了下一项有明确日期的问责检验。据《阿扎德乌尔都报》10月15日报道，教育秘书伊纳亚图拉·瓦西姆要求私立学校监管局于10月16日前提交报告。目前尚不清楚这份报告是否与委员会的调查报告是同一项交付成果，也没有已公布的调查结论。54 53

ARY援引伊克巴尔的话报道，该校于2026年3月注册。注册本身并不能证明工程师曾检查建筑、已颁发安全证书，或建筑符合适用标准。调查需要查明的，正是这些记录和决定。55

省长费萨尔·卡里姆·昆迪还下令对全省学校开展结构安全审计，以识别风险并采取纠正措施。下达命令并不能证明检查已经进行，或不安全建筑已经修复。60

因此，最初的问题仍未得到回答。可信的调查结果不仅必须说明屋顶为何坍塌，还必须查明学校开办前进行过哪些检查，以及根据证据应由谁承担责任。对于等待医院消息的家属，以及即将回到其他教室上课的孩子而言，逮捕校主和宣布展开调查都不能取代这些答案。

播出原貌 20 行
  1. A school roof collapsed onto children and teachers during lessons. More than 50 people are reported injured, and three children remain under treatment with severe head injuries. Rescuers have cleared the rubble. Investigators now have to explain how a registered school came to be operating in a building that failed.
  2. At least 35 people are now reported dead, including 34 children and one teacher. Police have arrested the school's owner. The death toll has risen through the day, and the final count is still being reconciled.
  3. The roof failed during classes Thursday at the private al-Khair Education Center in Peshawar, the capital of Pakistan's northwestern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. The school is in the neighborhood described locally as Dir Colony or Afridi Abad.
  4. Emergency services were alerted at about 8:48 in the morning. Narrow streets and congestion made access difficult around the multi-storey building, generally described as three storeys.
  5. The school taught children from nursery through fifth grade. Injured teacher Mahwish Zaman estimated its enrollment at about 1,200. Speaking from her hospital bed, she said the collapse “felt as if the sky had fallen.”
  6. Early death counts put the losses at 27 students and a teacher, or 28 children and a teacher. Those lower figures have been overtaken. The latest reported total is at least 35, although the hospital breakdown still differs.
  7. Lady Reading Hospital recorded 33 deaths, including 32 students and a female teacher. One child at Naseerullah Khan Babar Memorial Hospital brings that breakdown to 34. Officials haven't explained the difference from the higher total.
  8. Lady Reading Hospital received 20 injured children. Most have since been discharged, but three with severe head injuries remain under treatment. Across the incident, more than 50 people are reported injured. Emergency services also described more than a dozen minor injuries.
  9. Hospital spokesman Mohammad Asim now describes the children killed or injured as generally between six and 12, with the oldest aged 14. The students recorded among Lady Reading Hospital's dead were seven to 14. That updates the earlier description that every affected child was 13 or younger.
  10. Rescue teams have recovered everyone reported trapped. Deputy Commissioner Afaq Wazir said crews had cleared all the debris and no more injured children remained at the scene. That supersedes the earlier warnings that children might still be buried.
  11. Emergency services spokesman Bilal Faizi described nearly 100 rescuers responding. He said ambulances and disaster personnel arrived within five minutes, and credited that rapid response with saving at least 40 lives.
  12. Police chief Mian Saeed Ahmed initially placed 110 students in three affected classrooms and said 47 had been rescued. District emergency officer Iftikhar Khan separately said at least 45 children had been taken out. Those were early counts from different officials.
  13. Faizi described the roofs of two classrooms failing while second- and third-grade children were inside with teachers. Early rescue descriptions say an upper roof fell onto the level below, causing further collapse through two storeys. Police described three affected classrooms. Investigators still have to reconstruct exactly how the structure failed.
  14. Police chief Mian Saeed Ahmed described an overweight roof on a weak structure. That's his preliminary assessment. Engineers still have to determine the loads involved and what construction contributed to the failure.
  15. Police arrested the owner, identified as Mohammad Khan. Police say Khan blamed this week's rains for weakening one roof. Investigators haven't determined the cause, and police haven't announced formal charges.
  16. The provincial government has formed an inquiry committee. Javed Iqbal, managing director of the Private Schools Regulatory Authority, will chair it. Education Deputy Secretary Muhammad Farooq is a member. Their work will examine the collapse and responsibility for it.
  17. The regulator says the school was registered in March 2026. Investigators will have to determine what structural checks took place and whether the building met safety standards before children attended classes there.
  18. Governor Faisal Karim Kundi has ordered a structural safety audit of schools across the province to identify risks and take corrective action. He also sought a report on the cause and directed that victims receive the best medical care.
  19. President Asif Ali Zardari and Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif offered condolences. Zardari also called for a comprehensive investigation and school safety standards. The investigation has yet to determine why these classrooms collapsed or who was legally responsible.
  20. Education Secretary Inayatullah Waseem has separately asked the Private Schools Regulatory Authority for a report by October 16. That request puts the regulator on a deadline to explain the circumstances surrounding a registered school whose classrooms collapsed during lessons.

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