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政治 · 创历史最低

美国难民项目缩至17,500人,多数名额给阿非利卡人

美国将在FY2027接收17,500名难民,主要是阿非利卡人——这将把创纪录低位、面向单一群体的项目固定下来,而其他地区的战乱仍在持续。

译自英文原文。

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航班取消时,他们手里已经拿着旅行证件和机票。获批的阿非利卡人难民已获准飞往美国,却被告知不要登机——随后,他们反而被归咎于那个仍受委托协助他们赴美的安置承包机构。去年春天那一刻,他们滞留原地;如今,这成了整个美国项目的范本 57。

关键事实

  1. 17,500FY2027难民接收上限提案,主要面向阿非利卡人 12
  2. 7,500FY2026基准上限,创历史最低 2055
  3. 125,000前任政府时期FY2025上限 65

2026年9月22日,特朗普政府通知国会,计划将2027财年难民接收总人数定为17,500人,适用于2026年10月1日至2027年9月30日这一财年。名额将主要——不同报道也称「大多数」——分配给阿非利卡人,即主要拥有荷兰血统的南非白人,而非只分配给他们。通知全文尚未公开,因此早期报道对总额还是额外名额、全部还是大多数等措辞存在分歧。有关通知的报道来自CBS新闻的独家报道,并得到美联社和CNN当天的佐证 1 2 43 32。

创纪录低位如何成为定局

这个新数字并非创造了新的扩容,而是将四个月前的一次扩容固定下来。2026财年的上限最初于2025年10月31日公布的总统决定中定为7,500人,创下历史最低纪录。随后,2026年5月21日签署的第2026-14号总统紧急决定将上限从7,500人提高到17,500人——净增10,000人,专门分配给阿非利卡人——理由是出现了无法预见的难民紧急情况,以及南非难民接收计划运作受到新的干扰。该决定于2026年5月27日刊载于《联邦公报》第91卷第101期第31645至31646页。2027财年提案维持同一总额17,500人 20 12 13 11。

接收上限如何被重塑

  1. 2025年2月7日

    第14204号行政令为阿非利卡人开辟安置途径。

    76
  2. 2025年10月31日

    公布FY2026接收上限为7,500人,创历史最低。

    20
  3. 2026年5月21日

    第2026-14号紧急决定将接收上限提高至17,500人。

    1213
  4. 2026年5月27日

    紧急增额决定刊载于第91卷第101期。

    11
  5. 2026年9月22日

    FY2027提案维持17,500人总额,主要面向阿非利卡人。

    1

这一转变的规模,正是17,500这个数字重要的原因。前任政府将2025财年的上限定为125,000人,而过去十年的平均值超过90,000人。现任政府2025年上台后暂停了难民项目的大部分内容,随后为阿非利卡人设立了专门名额。迄今为止,2026财年几乎所有接收对象都是南非人,第二任期内总体接收人数大幅下降。国务院估算,2026财年新增10,000个名额的安置费用约为$100 million,2027财年的接收规模费用约为$500 million 65 26 63 38。

双方各执一词的迫害指控

通知所附的理由围绕几项指控展开:阿非利卡人面临无补偿土地征收、就业、教育和商业领域的种族政策,以及助长暴力的言论;他们也将完全融入社会,不会给纳税人造成负担。这种表述延续了自2025年2月7日以来形成的政策。当日,第14204号行政令《关于应对南非共和国的恶劣行径》将南非《2024年第13号征收法》列为目标,称该法使阿非利卡人的农业财产可能在没有补偿的情况下遭到征收 76 77 2。

比勒陀利亚的否认始终一致且斩钉截铁,而最奇特的注脚来自南非国内:安置方案最初提出时,知名阿非利卡人团体拒绝了。美国政府以他们是白人为由主张存在种族歧视;南非则称,同样的暴力是影响所有人的犯罪;预定受益者本人也表示不需要 85 80 82。

其人道后果在于谁被排除在外。逃离战争和迫害的阿富汗人、苏丹人和刚果人,将争夺一个17,500人规模、绝大多数名额都围绕单一群体设置的项目所剩下的名额。安置承包机构「教会世界服务」仍在诉讼中挑战这种偏向,认为其具有歧视性,同时仍受合同委托协助申请和安置工作。一个难民倡导联盟将2027财年计划概括为:项目将再次偏向单一群体 57 7。

已知

  • 政府于2026年9月22日通知国会,FY2027接收上限为17,500人,主要面向阿非利卡人。 12
  • 2026年5月的紧急决定将FY2026上限从7,500人提高至17,500人,面向阿非利卡人。 1113

未知

  • 9月22日通知的全文尚未公开,因此「主要面向」这一安排将在实际接收中如何落实,尚未得到确认。
  • 在上限与阿非利卡人紧急扩容人数相同的情况下,非阿非利卡人的转介对象是否会有任何进展。

后续

  • 在10月1日之前作出最终FY2027决定前,依法与国会协商并与国会山工作人员会面。
  • 「教会世界服务」案中的法院裁决或国会是否会改变这个创纪录低位且高度集中的项目。

接下来有待明确的是正式程序和名额构成。9月22日的通知启动了法定国会协商程序,包括政府与国会山工作人员举行会议;随后,总统将在10月1日之前敲定2027财年的接收上限。在通知文本公布之前,关键问题在于「主要面向」将在实际接收中如何落实;在17,500人的上限与阿非利卡人紧急扩容规模相同的情况下,非阿非利卡人的转介对象是否会有任何进展;以及法院或国会是否会改变这个创纪录低位、种族构成高度集中的难民项目,使其在新财年继续实施 63 7。

播出原貌 9 行
  1. America's entire refugee program is being held for 17,500 Afrikaners.
  2. That is the total number of refugees the United States would admit for an entire year, with the overwhelming majority reserved for one white minority from South Africa. It shuts a once-global lifeline down to a record low and locks it around a single ethnicity for a second year.
  3. The question now is how primarily works in practice — and whether anyone else gets in at all.
  4. On September 22, 2026, the administration notified Congress it intends to set fiscal year 2027 refugee admissions at 17,500 people in total. The year runs October 1, 2026 through September 30, 2027. The 17,500 is the total ceiling for the year, not extra slots on top of a separate base. The allocation is primarily and mostly for Afrikaners, White South Africans of mainly Dutch descent, rather than exclusively for them. The full notice text has not been made public.
  5. The new number locks in a raise created four months earlier. The 2026 ceiling was first set at 7,500, the lowest on record. Then Emergency Presidential Determination No. 2026-14 raised it from 7,500 to 17,500, a net increase of 10,000 allocated specifically for Afrikaners. It was published May 27, 2026 in Federal Register Volume 91, Number 101, pages 31645 to 31646, citing an unforeseen emergency refugee situation and new disruptions of Refugee Admissions Program operations in South Africa. The 2027 proposal holds at that same 17,500 total.
  6. The scale of the shift is stark. The prior ceiling for fiscal 2025 was 125,000, against decadal averages above 90,000. The current program suspended most admissions upon taking office in 2025, then created the Afrikaner carve-out. Almost all fiscal 2026 admissions to date have been South African, with overall admissions dropping sharply. The State Department priced resettlement of the 2027 caseload at about 500 million dollars, after pricing the 2026 additional 10,000 slots at about 100 million dollars.
  7. The justification centers on claims Afrikaners face land seizures without compensation, race-based policies in employment, education and business, and rhetoric contributing to violence, and that they will fully assimilate without burdening taxpayers. That extends Executive Order 14204 on Addressing Egregious Actions of the Republic of South Africa, which targeted South Africa's Expropriation Act 13 of 2024 as enabling seizure of Afrikaner farm property without compensation. South Africa says the persecution allegations are completely false, rejecting targeted racial persecution and white genocide claims and describing farm attacks and high violent crime as a broader national problem affecting all groups. When the offer was first made, prominent Afrikaner groups declined it.
  8. The human consequence is who is left out. Afghans, Sudanese and Congolese fleeing wars and persecution would compete for what is left of a 17,500-person program built overwhelmingly around one comparatively advantaged minority. A resettlement contractor, Church World Service, remains in litigation challenging the preference as discriminatory while still contracted to assist with applications and resettlement, after approved Afrikaners reported canceled flights even after receiving travel documents and airline tickets. A refugee advocacy coalition summarized the 2027 plan as a program that would again favor a single group.
  9. So how will primarily work, and will anyone else get in at all. The September 22 notification triggers statutory consultation with Congress, including administration meetings with Capitol Hill staff, before a fiscal 2027 presidential determination finalizes the ceiling ahead of October 1. Until that text is published, it is unknown how primarily is implemented in actual admissions, whether non-Afrikaner referrals move at all under a 17,500 cap that matches the emergency Afrikaner expansion, and whether courts in the Church World Service case or Congress alter a record-low, racially concentrated program entering a new fiscal year.

来源

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引用来源

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译文更新于 2026年9月24日 GMT-5 19:59

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