经济 · 香港经济增长
人工智能相关贸易推动出口,香港将增长预测上调至4.8%
原语言视频
译自英文原文。
增长加速的情况已经十分明显。第三季度实际国内生产总值同比增长5.2%,高于第二季度的4.2%。1月至9月,经济增长达到5.1%,为五年来同期最快增速。这个数字与全年4.8%的预测涵盖的时期不同,并非相互竞争的估算。2
较短期的比较也有所改善。经季节性调整后,产出较第二季度增长1.9%,扭转了此前0.7%的跌幅。第三季度这两项数据均与初步估算持平。两者共同表明,经济产出高于一年前,并较紧接的上一季度恢复增长动能,而非只是受益于有利的年度对比。2
人工智能需求,但没有单独统计人工智能出口
商品出口是此次调整背后最引人注目的数据。第三季度商品出口实际值同比增长30.3%,高于第二季度的28.9%。政府将贸易流量强劲归因于全球对人工智能相关电子产品的旺盛需求。对中国内地、亚洲许多其他市场和美国的出口继续显著增长,对欧盟的出货量也进一步增加。2
这一解释有其适用边界。30.3%衡量的是全部商品出口,而非人工智能专属类别。已发布的证据并未给出人工智能出口的单独增速,也未明确人工智能相关贸易对GDP的具体百分点贡献。人工智能需求是一个重要驱动因素,但不能因此把整个出口激增都称为人工智能增长。
经季节性调整后,商品出口较上一季度增长1.5%。这支持了增长动能持续的判断,尽管这一环比增幅远不如同比 headline 数据那么惊人。政府经济顾问范丽娜仍明确指出,全球投资周期对经济前景至关重要。2
在全球人工智能投资强劲以及相关贸易的支撑下,香港经济有望全年表现强劲。
服务业也有贡献。服务出口实际同比增长4.3%,高于此前的3.2%;经季节性调整后,环比增长2.2%。跨境客流增加带动运输业,入境旅游则提振旅行服务。金融和商务服务业的扩张较为温和。官员预计,访港旅客持续增加,以及跨境金融和商务需求保持稳定,将为第四季度提供支撑。2
内需呈现出不那么一致的景象。私人消费连续第六个季度同比增长,增幅为2.9%;本地市场各主要支出类别均有所增长。然而,经季节性调整后,消费与第二季度相比大致持平。家庭支出高于一年前,但最近一个季度并未出现新的加速增长。2
投资表现更强。整体固定投资实际同比增长7.5%,而前一季度增幅为3.7%。私人部门投资增长11.6%,连续第四个季度实现两位数增长,机械、设备和知识产权支出,以及建筑和所有权转让成本均为其提供支撑。公共投资仍在下降,不过降幅收窄。这是一轮由私人部门带动的投资上升,并非各个领域都在扩张。2
政府消费也恢复增长,在第二季度几乎持平后同比上升1.7%。经季节性调整后,环比增长2.1%。因此,此次上调不只依赖商品贸易,尽管出口是最显著的佐证。2
家庭层面的考验仍未结束
对劳动者而言,整体增长率只是故事的一部分。第三季度,就业人数和劳动力人数均有所增加,毕业生和离校生进入就业市场。但劳动力增长快于就业人数,经季节性调整的失业率小幅升至3.9%。产出走强未能阻止求职者占比上升。2
就业人士月薪中位数同比上升3.1%。这是未扣除通胀影响的名义指标,且不包括外籍家庭佣工。不能将其描述为经通胀调整后的工资涨幅,也不能据此概括每位劳动者的经历。检验经济扩张是否切实惠及民众,关键不只是GDP能否达到预测,还要看就业和购买力是否同步改善。2
政府确实下调了全年通胀预测:基本通胀率目前预计为1.9%,低于8月预测的2.5%;整体通胀率预计为2.0%,低于此前的2.6%。这些调整意味着物价涨幅预计将低于先前预期,而不是物价下跌。2
最新季度数据的变化方向不一。基本通胀率从1.7%升至2.0%,主要因为燃油相关项目涨幅扩大。包含政府一次性纾困措施影响的整体通胀率则从1.9%回落至1.7%。官员表示,国际油价上涨传导至消费者燃油成本的速度慢于预期,先前的燃油补贴也帮助缓解了压力。他们仍预计,油价处于高位带来的部分影响将传导至2027年。2
经济增长面临的风险与当前的增长优势密切相关。贸易紧张局势再起可能削弱海外需求。中东紧张局势若长期持续,可能加剧通胀并改变主要央行的利率路径。负债沉重的发达经济体主权债券收益率上升,可能收紧金融环境。政府还明确警告,如果市场对人工智能的预期过于乐观,市场可能出现调整。2
官员表示,正在公布的第四季度数据指向动能持续,预计收入、消费者信心和私人投资将支撑内需。因此,此次上调并非只有乐观情绪作为依据。不过,香港更强劲的前景仍面临两项尚待检验的考验:贸易和投资能否带来预期的全年结果,以及经济增长加快能否转化为更稳定的就业和更强的家庭购买力。人工智能投资周期目前正发挥助力作用;政府也警告称,这一周期可能令人失望。2
来源15
South China Morning Post
The Edge Malaysia
- HeyDay News
按媒体查看所有来源
来自 15 家媒体的 29 个来源· 引用最多的优先
hkeconomy.gov.hk6
- 二零二六年第三季經濟報告
- Hong Kong Economy - Hong Kong Economic Situation - Latest Developments
- Hong Kong Economy - Hong Kong Economic Situation - Archive of Press Release and Economic Forecasts
- www.hkeconomy.gov.hk
- Economic Performance in the Quarter of 2026 & Latest Economic Forecasts for 2026
- 2025 Economic Background and 2026 Prospects
Hong Kong's Information Services Departmentnews.gov.hk最先2
South China Morning Postscmp.com2
hkcd.com.hk1
Hong Kong Monetary Authorityhkma.gov.hk1
The Edge Malaysiatheedgemalaysia.com1
播出原貌
- Hong Kong's goods exports surged 30.3 percent from a year earlier in the third quarter.
- That inflation-adjusted increase has helped lift the government's 2026 growth forecast to 4.8 percent. If achieved, that would give the city its strongest full-year expansion in five years. The remaining test is whether trade and domestic spending can carry that strength through the final quarter and into workers' incomes.
- The government raised its projection on November 13. The 4.8 percent forecast measures growth after inflation, and assumes further solid expansion in the fourth quarter. Three quarters of results are already in.
- The new projection clears the top of the government's previous range by 0.3 percentage points. Officials have raised their expectations twice since the February Budget, as exports and private investment strengthened.
- February's Budget put growth at 2.5 to 3.5 percent. August lifted the range to 3.5 to 4.5 percent. November replaces that range with a single 4.8 percent projection.
- Hong Kong grew 2.6 percent in 2024. The longer comparison reaches back to the 6.5 percent expansion in 2021. The projected five-year best still depends on the unfinished year's final result.
- Third-quarter output grew 5.2 percent from a year earlier, up from 4.2 percent in the second quarter. Across January through September, growth reached 5.1 percent, the fastest pace for that nine-month period in five years.
- The economy also rebounded from the preceding quarter. After seasonal adjustment, output rose 1.9 percent, following a 0.7 percent decline. Both third-quarter growth readings were unchanged from the earlier estimate. The annual comparison shows expansion over a year; the quarterly comparison shows the latest recovery in momentum.
- Goods-export growth accelerated to 30.3 percent from 28.9 percent in the second quarter. Strong global demand for artificial intelligence-related electronics supported that trade. The 30.3 percent figure covers all goods exports.
- AI-related demand is an important driver, but nobody has put a precise figure on its contribution to GDP. Total goods exports also rose 1.5 percent from the previous quarter after seasonal adjustment.
- Exports to mainland China, many other Asian markets and the United States continued to grow markedly. Shipments to the European Union grew further too. The trade gains reached several major markets.
- Government economist Irina Fan said robust global AI investment and related trade support the full-year outlook. But the government also identified a possible market correction if expectations for AI prove too optimistic.
- Subscribe to this channel as we follow the final-quarter results and whether stronger growth reaches workers.
- Services exports grew 4.3 percent from a year earlier, up from 3.2 percent. Transport benefited from stronger cross-boundary traffic, and travel benefited from inbound tourism. Financial and business services also expanded, though more mildly.
- Services exports rose 2.2 percent from the previous quarter after seasonal adjustment. Officials expect more visitors and steady cross-boundary financial and business demand to support the final quarter. Household spending is growing too, though its latest pace is less forceful.
- Private consumption grew 2.9 percent from a year earlier for a sixth consecutive quarterly increase. It was broadly flat against the preceding quarter. Overall fixed investment accelerated to 7.5 percent growth, from 3.7 percent.
- Every major category of domestic household consumption increased from a year earlier. Government consumption rose 1.7 percent after being virtually unchanged in the second quarter. It also increased 2.1 percent from the previous quarter after seasonal adjustment.
- Private-sector investment rose 11.6 percent, its fourth consecutive quarter of double-digit growth. Spending increased on machinery, equipment and intellectual property, alongside construction and ownership-transfer costs. Public-sector investment was still falling, although its decline narrowed.
- Unemployment edged up even as the economy expanded. Graduates and school leavers entered the labour market, and both employment and the labour force increased. But the number of people available for work grew faster than employment.
- The seasonally adjusted unemployment rate reached 3.9 percent. Median monthly employment earnings rose 3.1 percent before adjusting for inflation. That pay measure excludes foreign domestic helpers, so it doesn't describe every worker's earnings.
- Inflation moved in different directions during the quarter. Underlying inflation rose to 2.0 percent from 1.7 percent, mainly because fuel-related costs strengthened. Headline inflation, which includes one-off government relief, eased to 1.7 percent from 1.9 percent.
- For the full year, the government cut underlying inflation's forecast from 2.5 percent to 1.9 percent. It cut headline inflation's forecast from 2.6 percent to 2.0 percent. Prices are still expected to rise, but more slowly than previously projected.
- Higher international oil prices have reached consumer fuel costs more slowly than officials expected. Earlier fuel subsidies helped cushion that pressure. Oil prices eased after the United States midterm elections, but earlier increases are still expected to feed through into 2027.
- Renewed trade tensions could weaken overseas demand. Prolonged Middle East tensions could intensify inflation and change central banks' interest-rate paths. Rising government bond yields in heavily indebted advanced economies could also tighten financial conditions.
- The United States election results brought hopes of de-escalation, but those risks persist. Early fourth-quarter data pointed to continuing momentum. Officials expect rising earnings, solid consumer sentiment and private investment to support domestic demand. Delivering 4.8 percent still requires further fourth-quarter growth, while the AI investment cycle supporting exports also leaves Hong Kong exposed to a reversal in expectations.
译文更新于





