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灾害 · 里约风暴损失

里约风暴致Enel高峰时475,000个账户断电

Enel停电高峰反映的是风暴影响范围,而非仍未恢复供电的数量。倒塌的塔架还损坏了一条为大都市区取水基础设施供电的线路。

文字 阅读需 5 分钟 · 22 个来源

原语言视频

译自英文原文。

11月7日的风暴期间,里约热内卢州有475,000个Enel电力账户同时断电——这一数字显示,停电影响远不止倒塌的塔架;塔架成为风暴最醒目的画面之一。受损塔架所在的线路为大都市区取水基础设施供电;与此同时,另一处一名母亲从部分坍塌的住宅中救出三名孩子,海滨摊贩则失去了原定手工艺活动的场地。⁠11⁠1⁠16

截至11月8日,Enel Rio表示,技术人员正在努力修复圣贡萨洛地区受损的马热—阿尔坎塔拉配电线路。现有报道未说明这项工作的完工期限。报道称,瓜拉蒂巴有一名女性死亡,诺瓦伊瓜苏有两人失踪。这些是仍在发展的紧急事件的初步情况,并非对风暴损失的最终评估。⁠2⁠18

停电高峰需要准确解读。它统计的是电力连接,而非个人,描述的是Enel受风暴影响的更大范围供电区域。它既不是专门因塔架倒塌而断电的账户数量,也不是截至11月8日仍在等待恢复供电的账户数量。高峰值衡量的是同时发生的最严重中断,并不能告诉居民自己家何时恢复供电。⁠11

5,509Enel应对风暴期间记录的事件 11
185电力网络上的树木 11
1,120在受影响地区调动的队伍 11

《环球报》11月8日报道的这些数字显示,这家公用事业企业面对的是数千个彼此独立的问题,而非单一维修点。但这些数字无法说明有多少队伍被派往倒塌塔架处、该线路维修完成了多少,或每个受影响街区何时恢复供电。大规模调动表明相关工作正在组织开展,但本身并不能证明服务已经恢复。⁠11

影响更广泛的电力线路

Enel Rio将塔架倒塌归因于强降雨、大风和雷电。尽管这些结构被称为高压塔架,但报道确认受损设施是马热—阿尔坎塔拉配电线路。报道没有证实巴西国家输电网另有故障。除称塔架不止一座外,报道也没有说明倒塌塔架的具体数量。⁠1⁠2

这条线路的作用使损坏造成的影响超出家庭照明范围。它为伊穆纳纳—兰萨兰取水系统供电,该系统服务于大都市区。取水和输水设备依赖电力,因此供电受损可能波及另一项重要服务。报道指出了这一关联,但没有量化有多少家庭遭遇供水中断或中断持续了多久。⁠1⁠5

这一差别对判断恢复情况很重要。电力供应恢复至供水基础设施、线路永久性维修完工以及自来水流到家庭水龙头,是不同的里程碑。不能将它们混为一谈,正如地区停电峰值不能替代街区恢复供电数量一样。

一家人逃离坍塌的墙体

在阿拉亚尔杜卡布,危险发生在西蒂奥地区安乔瓦巷的一所住宅内。G1确认住户是瓦妮莎·多斯·桑托斯·阿拉冈,并报道称,在一面墙坍塌后,她救出了她的三个孩子,孩子们分别一岁、四岁和七岁。现有报道支持的说法是房屋部分坍塌,而不是整栋建筑被毁。⁠16

“我设法救出了我的孩子们。我浑身都受了伤。”

瓦妮莎·多斯·桑托斯·阿拉冈 1

瓦妮莎拍下自己在受损房屋中哭泣的视频,并表示自己失去了一切。她的话描述的是她个人受伤和蒙受损失的经历;现有报道没有提供医学评估来确认伤势严重程度。她的孩子们成功逃生,是这场范围更广的紧急事件中的一个具体幸存案例,并不能证明受影响地区的所有人都安全脱险。⁠1⁠16

据《环球报》11月8日报道,全州消防员出动处理了138起求助。民防部门的数据包括48起救援和13起山体滑坡或坍塌事件。这些指标描述的事项存在重叠,因此不能负责任地将它们相加为一个紧急事件总数。13起事件并不等于被毁住宅的数量,而且这些全州数据都不是阿拉亚尔杜卡布或卡布弗里乌市级的损失总数。⁠18

在邻近的卡布弗里乌,降雨和强风损坏了福特海滩的售货亭,并吹袭了海滨沿线正在为一场手工艺活动做准备的摊位。活动组织者取消了活动。这既意味着实体设施受损,也意味着原定交易机会的损失;但报道没有提供可靠的售货亭或摊位受损数量、维修费用或摊贩收入损失数据。⁠1

里约热内卢市的风速超过每小时80公里;监测站记录到的阵风出现在11月7日下午4时至5时之间。当天下午早些时候,州民防部门已发布极端预警。多个街区遭遇洪水;报道指出降雨量最高的地区是巴拉达蒂茹卡、雅卡雷帕瓜、门达尼亚和格罗塔丰达,但没有提供这些地点以毫米计的降雨总量。⁠1

冷锋推进,11月8日的天气预报仍显示可能出现更多风暴;更大范围的恶劣天气预报则持续至11月9日星期一。预报还称,里约州山区将出现较凉天气。这一预报给本已艰难的恢复工作增添了不确定性,但它只是预报,并未证实同一批住宅或维修地点会再次受损。⁠1

已知

  • 风暴损坏了电力基础设施、住宅和海滨设施。11月8日的报道确认,瓜拉蒂巴有一名女性死亡,诺瓦伊瓜苏有两人失踪。 118

未知

  • 受损线路永久性维修的完工时间、后续搜寻结果以及最终汇总的损失评估均尚未确定。

后续

  • 请关注针对具体线路的维修进展、已确认的搜寻结果,以及面向住房受损家庭的援助记录。

尽管最终统计尚未完成,灾情规模已十分明显:停电高峰时有数十万个电力连接中断,重要基础设施受到冲击,家庭面临房屋结构受损。衡量恢复情况的下一个有用指标,不是又有多少队伍被派出,而是哪些服务已经恢复、哪些住宅已安全,以及还有谁需要帮助。

来源13

在此处引用的来源中,G1最先发布,比本报道播出早44小时。 随后还有9家媒体发布。

3家媒体未注明日期:enel.com.br7SegundosFato Inteiro

按媒体查看所有来源

来自 13 家媒体的 22 个来源· 引用最多的优先

播出原貌
  1. Storms cut power to 475,000 electricity customer accounts at once.
  2. Fallen towers damaged a line serving metropolitan water-intake infrastructure, while families and beachfront businesses faced flooding and collapsed structures. When will crews finish repairing the electricity line that also helps keep water moving?
  3. Enel's Magé–Alcântara distribution line lost towers in the São Gonçalo region. Enel Rio blamed intense rain, strong winds and lightning. The November 7 storm also damaged homes in Arraial do Cabo and beach facilities in Cabo Frio.
  4. The damaged line supplies electricity to the Imunana–Laranjal water-intake system, which serves the metropolitan region. Water infrastructure needs electricity to run its machinery. Damage to that connection can therefore reach beyond the homes and businesses directly losing power.
  5. The storm-wide peak reached 475,000 customer accounts without electricity simultaneously. That counts electricity connections rather than individual people. It also covers the broader storm damage, so it can't tell us how many customers lost power because these particular towers fell.
  6. By November 8, Enel Rio said technicians were working to recover the damaged line and restore supply. The company hadn't given a completion deadline for those repairs. The wider network faced thousands of separate problems, spreading the restoration work across the affected service area.
  7. Enel's broader response involved 5,509 incidents and 185 trees on the electricity network. The utility mobilized 1,120 teams. Those crews were responding across the storm-hit area, and the total doesn't tell us how many were assigned to the fallen towers.
  8. A wall collapsed inside a family home in Arraial do Cabo. Vanessa dos Santos Aragão rescued her three children, aged one, four and seven. The collapse damaged part of the house on Travessa Anchova, in the Sítio area.
  9. Vanessa filmed herself crying amid the damage. She said, “I managed to save my children. I'm hurt all over.” She also said she'd lost everything. Her account describes her injuries, but their severity wasn't medically confirmed.
  10. Her family's escape was one part of a much wider emergency. Responders dealt with rescues, unstable ground and damaged structures across the state. The figures available on November 8 captured that work while searches and repairs were still unresolved.
  11. Firefighters attended 138 calls statewide. Civil Defense recorded 48 rescues and 13 landslide or collapse occurrences. One woman was reported killed in Guaratiba, and two people were reported missing in Nova Iguaçu. Those November 8 figures are provisional.
  12. The emergency figures overlap in what they describe, so adding them together would give a misleading total. The 13 landslide or collapse occurrences also can't be used as a count of homes destroyed. The outcome of the searches in Nova Iguaçu wasn't yet known.
  13. Rain and wind damaged kiosks at Praia do Forte in Cabo Frio. The storm also hit stalls being prepared for a handicraft event along the beachfront. Organizers canceled the event, disrupting the planned trading as well as damaging the beach facilities.
  14. Winds exceeded 80 kilometers an hour in Rio de Janeiro city. Monitoring stations recorded gusts between four and five in the afternoon on November 7. State Civil Defense had issued an extreme alert earlier that afternoon, and neighborhoods flooded.
  15. The largest rainfall accumulations identified were in Barra da Tijuca, Jacarepaguá, Mendanha and Grota Funda. Meanwhile, the advancing cold front kept further storms in the forecast as electricity crews and emergency responders worked through the damage.
  16. Further storms were forecast for November 8, with the broader severe-weather risk extending through Monday, November 9. Cooler conditions were also expected in mountainous parts of Rio state on both days, as cold air advanced across the country.
  17. Repair crews were working on the Magé–Alcântara line, but Enel Rio hadn't announced when those repairs would be finished. The November 8 outage figure of 475,000 records the storm's peak; it doesn't tell residents how many connections were still waiting for electricity that day.

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