报道
夏威夷岛部分地区降雨近1英尺,诺洛引发的洪水风险仍存
诺洛向西移动后,大岛的飓风观察取消,但部分地区此前已降下近1英尺的雨,之后仍可能继续降雨。
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截至9月26日,夏威夷大岛部分地区的降雨量已接近一英尺。在风暴结束前,这已是相当大的降水量——但这不是全岛总量,也不是洪水规模的衡量指标。美国国家飓风中心主任迈克尔·布伦南说,预计还可能降雨8至10英寸,尤其是在南部和东部。9月27日,CNN报道称,强降雨正在加剧,洪水和泥石流可能危及生命。没有经核实的报道证实灾难性洪水已经发生。72
关键事实
诺洛路径的变化令人欣慰,但也容易被误读。预计飓风将向西移动,远离直接袭击夏威夷的路径;大岛的飓风观察于9月26日取消。取消观察时,夏威夷县仍处于热带风暴警告之下,全岛仍处于洪水观察之下。两项警报周日晚些时候的状态尚未得到核实。飓风观察取消针对的是出现飓风条件的可能性;这并不意味着雨停了,也不意味着饱和的山坡已无危险。38
布伦南说,大岛部分地区已出现热带风暴天气,阵风达到每小时50至60英里,尤其是在较高的山脉附近。他在周六发布的更新中说,诺洛中心位于大岛以南略超过150英里处,并未继续靠近。他预计风暴向西移动后,天气状况将从周六夜间开始好转,尤其是在周日和周一。这是天气预报,并非对所有受影响社区实际状况的核实报告。7
警报如何变化
诺洛逼近夏威夷
周五的警报基于一份严峻的预报。当时的报道将诺洛定为2级飓风,持续风速为每小时105英里,移动速度约为每小时5英里。预报员预测,受影响地区降雨量将达到10至25英寸,局部地区可能超过2英尺;当时处于热带风暴观察之下的毛伊岛,降雨量可能高达10英寸。一份早期预报讨论认为,诺洛可能增强为4级飓风,风速最高可达每小时140英里。这只是一种可能性,经核查的报道并未证实诺洛曾达到这一强度。1
随着路径逐渐明朗,预估也发生了变化。NBC气象学家比尔·卡林斯说,一项降雨上限已从最多3英尺下调至约2英尺,但其他早期报道仍认为大岛部分地区的降雨量可能超过2英尺。这些上限都不是实测的风暴总降雨量。周六更值得关注的区别是:布伦南说,部分地区已经降下了近1英尺的雨;他还说,之后可能再降8至10英寸。同样,预报称阵风最高可达每小时75英里,不应与布伦南所说已出现的每小时50至60英里阵风混为一谈。81076
关于诺洛强度的报道描述的是不同时间点,并非两场同时存在的风暴。NBC在9月26日较早的一篇报道中称,诺洛为2级飓风,风速超过每小时100英里;在之后的一篇报道中则称其为1级飓风,风速超过每小时90英里。后者是经核查报道中日期最明确的最新强度信息;没有9月27日的官方公告可用来确认其周日的强度或位置。周六早些时候天气通报中的坐标和风速也只是历史读数,并非周日的定位信息。5413
最接近风暴前的准备工作
在希洛,受访者告诉美联社,他们已经做好准备并留在室内躲避风暴;一位受访者说,许多活动已出于预防考虑取消。夏威夷县和毛伊县开放了避难所。州和县政府办公室、公立学校以及夏威夷大学在大岛的校区原定于9月24日和25日关闭,毛伊县的关闭范围于周五扩大。夏威夷岛、毛伊岛和莫洛凯岛的州立公园、露营地、森林保护区及州管理步道也在指定日期关闭。这些有明确日期的决定并不能证明周日哪些设施仍处于关闭状态。316646
唐纳德·特朗普总统于9月25日批准了一项登陆前联邦紧急状态声明,涵盖夏威夷县、考艾县、毛伊县以及檀香山市县。该声明授权联邦政府为符合条件的紧急防护措施提供援助,包括直接联邦援助,联邦承担的费用比例为75%。这是为可能发生的影响做准备,并非损失评估,也不代表每一项损失都能获得75%的补偿。2829
风暴影响并不局限于大岛:一篇9月27日的当地报道描述了瓦胡岛的强风和汹涌海浪,包括威基基和钻石山周边,但并未证实那里发生了具体损失或测得了风暴潮。另一篇报道提到大岛一条山区公路关闭,但经核查的材料未能确定该公路的名称、关闭原因或重新开放时间;因此不能据此声称山体滑坡损坏了这条公路。4922
我们在9月10日的报道中提到,另一场近海飓风洛厄尔在未登陆的情况下对考艾岛和尼豪岛造成损害。诺洛是另一场风暴,其尚未消除的危险在于向西转向后,大岛可能出现降雨。经核查的报道尚未证实最终降雨总量、洪水或泥石流损害、伤亡情况,以及此后警报的变化。近一英尺的降雨观测属实;令人担忧的后续降雨及其后果仍有待确认。
播出原貌 12 行
- On September 10 we reported offshore Lowell damaged Kauaʻi and Niʻihau. Now Nolo drenches Hawaiʻi Island. Nolo’s hurricane watch has been canceled, but rain is still intensifying, and flooding and mudslides could be life-threatening. How much danger remains after the storm’s turn away from the island?
- By Saturday, September 26, some places on the Big Island had received nearly a foot of rain. That is an observation from some locations, not a final total for the island. Another eight to ten inches was possible, especially across its south and east. Whether that additional rain fell, and where, has not been established.
- The distinction matters on ground that has already taken heavy rain: a forecast is not a measurement, but further rainfall could send water into roads and homes or destabilize slopes. The September 27 rain-risk update does not establish that catastrophic flooding or a mudslide actually occurred.
- Tropical-storm conditions were already occurring on Hawaiʻi Island on Saturday. Gusts of fifty to sixty miles per hour had occurred in some places, particularly near higher mountains. A separate forecast put possible gusts as high as seventy-five miles per hour; that higher figure was not an observed wind speed. By September 27, strong winds and rough surf had also reached Oʻahu, including the Waikīkī and Diamond Head area. No specific damage or measured surge there has been established.
- Nolo’s center stayed offshore. One Saturday update placed it a little more than 150 miles south of the Big Island and expected it to move west, taking the heaviest rain away. At eight that morning, a separate account put the center about 145 miles south of Kaʻū, moving west at three miles per hour. Those approximate distances refer to different places and reporting times; they are not a measured change in distance from one point. Conditions were expected to improve from Saturday night, especially on Sunday and Monday, but improvement in the affected communities has not been verified. No direct landfall was projected. An offshore center, though, does not keep its rain, wind or surf offshore.
- The Big Island’s hurricane watch was still in effect at eight Saturday morning and was canceled later that day; the exact cancellation time is not verified. A tropical-storm warning for Hawaiʻi County and a flood watch across the island remained when it was canceled. We cannot establish whether either alert was still in force later Sunday. A watch cancellation is a change in the expected hurricane-wind threat, not evidence that floodwater has receded.
- Friday’s outlook explains why preparations were extensive. On September 25, Nolo was a Category Two hurricane with sustained winds of 105 miles per hour, moving at about five miles per hour. The Big Island entered a hurricane watch, meaning hurricane conditions were possible within roughly 24 to 36 hours; Maui was under a tropical-storm watch. Forecasts warned of ten to twenty-five inches of rain across affected areas, locally more than two feet, and up to ten inches on Maui. An early discussion allowed for Category Four strength and winds up to 140 miles per hour over the next 72 hours. That was a possibility, not a strength verified to have occurred.
- Other early rainfall projections included fifteen to twenty inches widely and a possible local maximum of 35 inches. In one forecast, an estimate as high as three feet was revised down to around two feet; another still allowed locally more than two feet. Those changing ceilings cannot be treated as final accumulation. Saturday’s more localized update separated the nearly one foot already recorded in some places from the additional eight to ten inches still possible.
- The storm’s reported strength changed too. An earlier Saturday account still placed Nolo at Category Two with winds above 100 miles per hour. By Saturday evening, it was reported at Category One with sustained winds above ninety. A separate September 27 account described Category Two and 105-mile-per-hour winds, but did not identify a Sunday advisory supporting that as the latest measurement. The latest clearly dated strength in this material is Saturday evening’s Category One report; Nolo’s Sunday intensity is not verified. A bulletin valid early Saturday had placed the storm near 16.9 degrees north and 155.3 degrees west, moving north at three knots with ninety-knot sustained winds. That is a historical position, before the later westward turn, not a Sunday fix.
- People had prepared before the closest approach. Shelters opened in Hawaiʻi and Maui counties. In Hilo, residents described hunkering down, and many events were canceled as a precaution. State and county offices, public schools and University of Hawaiʻi campuses on Hawaiʻi Island were set to close Thursday and Friday, September 24 and 25; Maui County closures expanded Friday. Parks, campsites, forest reserves, state-managed trails and natural-area reserves closed on Hawaiʻi Island beginning Thursday, and on Maui and Molokaʻi beginning Friday. Those are dated decisions, not proof that every site remains closed. Reopening dates have not been verified.
- President Donald Trump approved a pre-landfall federal emergency declaration on September 25 after Hawaiʻi requested it. It covers Hawaiʻi, Kauaʻi and Maui counties and the City and County of Honolulu. It authorizes federal emergency protective measures, including direct federal assistance, with a seventy-five-percent federal share of eligible costs. That does not mean seventy-five percent of all storm damage will be reimbursed, or establish that any household has received aid. The federal incident description calls the event Tropical Storm Nolo, while the governor’s announcement calls the approaching system Hurricane Nolo; neither administrative wording establishes its later measured strength.
- One account mentioned a closed Big Island mountain highway, but its name, location, cause, damage and reopening time have not been verified. The answer to the flood question is therefore limited: nearly a foot had fallen in some places by Saturday, more rain was possible, and the September 27 risk remained serious even as Nolo turned away. There is no verified final island rainfall total, Sunday storm advisory or later warning status in the checked material. Nor is there a confirmed storm death, injury, flood-damage total or landslide-damage total.
来源
71 个来源41 家媒体9 个视频1 篇通稿
NBC Newsnbcnews.com75 个视频
- 首次报道于
- Hurricane Nolo expected to bring heavy rain as it skirts Hawaii’s Big Island
- Hurricane Nolo expected to unleash powerful winds, flash flooding on Hawaii
- Powerful nor'easter lashes parts of the East Coast
- Powerful nor'easter lashes parts of the East Coast
- Top Story with Tom Llamas - Sept. 25 | NBC News NOW
- Hallie Jackson NOW - Sept. 25 | NBC News NOW
- NBC Nightly News with Tom Llamas Full Episode - Sept. 25
hawaii.gov5
- Hurricane Nolo Updates – Hawai'i Emergency Management ...
- Office of the Governor – News Release – Gov. Green Announces ...
- New phase of Daniel K. Inouye Highway opens Oct. 10, 2017 | Highways
- DLNR News Release – STATE PARKS, FOREST LANDS AND CAMPING CLOSING ON HAWAI‘I ISLAND, MAUI AND MOLOKAʻI DUE TO TROPICAL STORM NOLO | Governor Josh Green, M.D.
- Office of the Governor – News Release – Closure of Some State and County Offices, Public Schools, UH for TS Nolo | Governor Josh Green, M.D.
hawaiinewsnow.com5
- Hurricane Nolo remains stationary just south of Hawaii Island | Hawaii News Now First Alert Weather
- Hurricane Nolo begins slowly moving westward, remains south of Hawaii Island | Hawaii News Now First Alert Weather
- Hurricane Nolo brings strong winds and rough surf to Oahu | Hawaii News Now
- First Alert Forecast: Hurricane Nolo still strengthening and approaching the Big Island with flooding rainfall and powerful winds
- Hurricane Nolo: List of Hawaii closures, cancellations
publicnow.com3
- FEMA - Federal Emergency Management Agency (via Public) / President Donald J. Trump Approves Emergency Declaration for the State of Hawaii
- State of Hawaii (via Public) / Office of the Governor – News Release – Gov. Green Announces Approval of Pre-Landfall Presidential Declaration for Hurricane Nolo
- FEMA - Federal Emergency Management Agency (via Public) / President Donald J. Trump Approves Emergency Declaration for the State of Hawaii
Associated Press11 个视频
CNN11 个视频
cookingrealestateteam.com1
Deep Arrivaldeeparrival.com1
EIN Presswireeinpresswire.com1
fliphtml5.com1
hawaii-guide.com1
hawaii.edu1
mauicounty.gov1
Meteored UStheweather.com1
Newswavnewswav.com1
stormdom.com1
the Guardiantheguardian.com1
The Weather Channelweather.com1
washingtonstateenvironmentwire.com1
wetdry.world1
wmo.int1
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