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灾害 · 马利地区作物受损

冰雹过后，马利地区种植户必须收割剩余作物

比尔奇普一位种植户担心，他种植的400公顷油菜籽可能有远超一半的种子损失。在拉斯塞尔斯，通往田地的道路被水淹，正在拖延人们挽救受损作物的努力。

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原语言视频

译自英文原文。

拉克兰·富特在比尔奇普附近种植的400公顷油菜籽，可能已有远超一半的种子损失，但他仍打算收割受损地块。即使机械收上来的作物不多，他也需要清理作物残茬，以便明年在这片土地上播种。冰雹可能夺走了大部分收益，却没有让农活消失。⁠1

在拉斯塞尔斯，另一位马利地区种植户特拉维斯·霍曼面临着挽救收成的又一障碍：如何抵达田地。除了准备收割机械，他还一直在被淹道路和出入口旁挖排水沟。他估计，冰雹毁坏了多达70%的羽扇豆；受损的谷类作物穗头和被压倒的作物也使谷粒散落在地上。⁠1

ABC维多利亚频道于11月6日星期五发表的这些讲述，揭示了11月2日星期一下午席卷维多利亚州马利地区部分地带的风暴给农场带来的后果。报道描述了比尔奇普一场原本前景看好的收成遭到打断，也讲述了拉斯塞尔斯的收割工作被推迟。损害清晰可见，但种植户能够挽回多少作物以及最终损失多少，仍未确定。⁠1⁠11

收割工作仍须继续

风暴来临前，富特已经开始收割。天气转变时，他正转回比尔奇普，准备收割更多油菜籽。他说，强降雨和冰雹在他的农场上空经过，整个过程约20分钟。他估计，风暴前沿在当地宽5到10公里，向东移动时范围扩大、强度增强。这些是他在农场观察到的情况，并非经过测绘的受灾带范围。⁠1

这批油菜籽是他种过的最好的一季。事后，他告诉ABC：“看起来大部分都没了；到处都是白的。”但他明确区分了田地看起来的样子与收割机最终能测出的结果。⁠1

要等收割机进田后我们才会知道，但损失可能远超50%。

拉克兰·富特 1

联合收割机是用来收割作物的机器，它将显示还有多少种子可供收取。富特所说的400公顷，是受灾严重的面积，并非经确认已彻底毁坏的面积。他估计损失可能超过50%，但这只是初步估算，并非测量得出的产量结果。而且，即使完成收割，也无法直接知道未受损作物原本能产出多少。⁠1

富特的作物有保险，但这并不意味着保险索赔等同于收获一季格外丰收的作物。他告诉ABC，农民在购买保险时往往会保守估计产量，因此在收成异常好的年份可能保险不足。这是他对问题的说法，并非对所有受灾种植户保单的调查结论。目前尚无已完成赔付的金额数据。⁠1

他决定继续收割，清楚地说明了眼前的负担。即使田里剩下的种子寥寥无几，仍可能需要让机械驶过田地，为下一季做准备。即便预期收益可能大部分已经消失，农活仍然要做。

积水阻碍挽救收成

霍曼原本准备在几天内开始收割，但周一的冰雹袭来。他估计羽扇豆受损多达70%——这并不适用于他的所有作物，也不是对整个拉斯塞尔斯地区产量的估计。他说，大麦比小麦成熟得更早，许多大麦穗头都被打落。作物倒伏也让剩余的收割工作更难进行。⁠1

他还说，邻近农户的羽扇豆遭受了他所说的“100%损失”，茎秆仍立在地里，豆荚却落在地上。这是霍曼对他在其他农场所见情况的描述，并非对那些农场的单独评估。它不能证明整个地区的作物都完全绝收。⁠1

他农场周边不同雨量计记录到的降雨量不均，最高达40毫米。积水阻断了他需要通行的道路和出入口，除了准备机械，他还得排水，原计划的收割时间也因此推迟。目前尚无确定的延误天数。如果卡车无法进入部分田地，他可能不得不把谷物装袋储存在那里；这只是备用方案，并非已有谷物装袋或被困的报告。⁠1

风暴来临前，霍曼原以为这一季会是他经历过的最丰收的一季。他说，他85岁的父亲也从未见过如此好的丰收前景。这让打击更加沉重，但这些预期并不是经测量得出的地区产量记录，尚不能据此计算损失。⁠1

风暴影响范围广，损失程度不一

ABC报道称，马利地区有数千公顷土地受到影响，受灾地区包括比尔奇普、怀切普鲁夫和昆巴图克等地。受灾作物包括小麦、大麦、扁豆、油菜籽和羽扇豆。不过，富特和霍曼提供的具体数字来自他们在该报道中的讲述，并非经独立评估的农场损失，也不是已完成的地区损失统计。⁠1

《Stock & Land》于11月3日的另一篇报道描述了前一天下午一条范围狭窄的冰雹带，以及杜莫萨一小块大麦田角落受损的情况。这为风暴及部分农业损失提供了佐证，也说明各地受灾程度可能很不均。它并未独立证实受影响面积的较大估算值。⁠11

澳大利亚气象局11月2日发布的预警涵盖马利地区、北部乡村地区和维默拉部分地区，警示可能出现大冰雹、破坏性大风和强降雨；当天晚些时候，预警解除。预警区域是危险天气预报范围，并非显示其中每个地区都遭受了作物损失的地图。⁠12⁠13

下一批有意义的损失总数，必须等到收割和保险评估完成后才能得出，但这两项工作都没有公布完成日期。在此之前，受灾公顷数、可见的作物损害、收回的种子和承保损失仍是不同的衡量指标。对这些种植户来说，眼下的首要任务比给风暴造成的损失算出最终金额更迫切：赶到田里，收回剩下的作物，并让土地为再次种植做好准备。⁠1

播出原貌
  1. Hail battered 400 hectares of canola on one farm just before harvest. The grower fears losing well over half, while flooded access is postponing another farmer's harvest. How much can these growers salvage, and can their machinery reach what's left?
  2. Farmers near Birchip and at Lascelles face damaged crops and disrupted harvest plans. Damage also stretches through districts including Wycheproof and Quambatook. Wheat, barley, lentils, canola and lupins were among the crops hit as grain and seed approached harvest.
  3. Thousands of hectares are reportedly affected across Victoria's Mallee. But damage varies between paddocks. At Dumosa, hail damaged a small corner of a barley crop. On other properties, farmers describe seed pods stripped from plants and grain knocked onto the ground, beyond the reach of harvesting machinery.
  4. The hail struck on Monday afternoon, November second. The Bureau of Meteorology warned of large hail, damaging winds and heavy rain in parts of the Mallee, Northern Country and Wimmera. It cancelled the warning that evening. Actual crop damage varied within that wider warning area.
  5. Near Birchip, Lachlan Foott had already started harvesting. He was shifting back to cut more canola when the storm arrived. He says the heavy rain and hail passed over his property in about 20 minutes. He estimated the front there was five to 10 kilometres wide.
  6. Foott says 400 hectares of his canola were hit hard. He estimates the loss could be well over 50 per cent, but he'll only know how much seed remains when a header, the harvesting machine, gets into the crop.
  7. Foott described hail about half the size of a golf ball at his farm. He said the front widened and intensified eastward, where he believed larger hail fell. His description points to changing conditions as the storm moved across farming country.
  8. The canola had been the best Foott had grown. Afterwards, he said, “It looks majority gone; it just looks white.” His crop is insured, but he would rather have harvested it. He says conservative estimates of expected yields can leave insurance cover below what an exceptional crop might earn.
  9. Insurance assessments will take time. Foott's concern is that a policy based on cautious yield expectations can leave a grower short after an unusually promising season. Growers without crop insurance can't recover their losses through that cover.
  10. Foott still intends to harvest the damaged paddocks, even if the machine collects little seed. He needs to clear the crop residue so he can sow through the land next year. At Lascelles, Travis Horman faces a different starting point. He was preparing to begin harvest within days.
  11. Horman estimates hail shredded up to 70 per cent of his lupins. His barley was riper than his wheat, and he says many barley heads were knocked off. Flattened crops are also making the remaining harvest harder to collect.
  12. Horman says some neighbours' lupins suffered what he called 100 per cent damage, leaving stalks with pods on the ground. Before the storm, he'd expected the biggest season he'd seen. He said his 85-year-old father had never seen anything like its promise either.
  13. Gauges around Horman's farm recorded uneven rainfall of up to 40 millimetres. Alongside preparing his headers, he's been digging drains beside flooded roads and gateways. Water is blocking access he needs, and the storm has postponed his intended harvest start.
  14. Horman may have to store grain in bags in some paddocks if trucks can't get in. What these farmers can salvage depends on reaching the crop and finding how much grain remains. Harvesting and insurance assessments will determine their losses. There's no completion date for those assessments or final regional loss total.

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