灾害 · 东利区建筑坍塌
内罗毕建筑坍塌事故中4人获救,但商铺内人员仍未核实
据报,建筑施工人员的情况已全部核实。但东利区未完工高层建筑下方仍有营业商铺,家属仍在等待一份可靠的人员情况清单,确认每一名失踪者的下落。
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1 篇报道35 家媒体49 个来源4 个视频
截至10月25日(星期日),内罗毕东利区倒塌的高层建筑中已有4人获救。然而,核心问题仍未得到回答:还有谁下落不明?官员已核实建筑工人的情况,但未完工建筑下方的商铺当时正在营业,而公众尚未看到一份将这些商铺内人员情况核对清楚的名单。获救人数增加是具体进展,但不能据此衡量搜救距离找到所有人还有多远。40 10
《人民日报》周日报道于东非时间下午6:16刊出,称警方报告有4人获救;美联社报道也称,救援行动进入第三天时,累计获救人数为4人。这一数字取代了此前先是1人、后是2人的说法,并非在这些数字之外还要再加4人。现有报道并未确认死亡人数。这不等于经核实的死亡人数为0。40 38
关键事实
2026年10月23日星期五下午,这栋建筑在东利区9th Street的事发地点倒塌。该地区人口密集,兼具商业和居住功能。报道还将地点描述为位于Yusuf Haji Avenue、Day to Day超市附近。这些描述指向同一处事故现场,但不能据此认定两条街道名称可以互换。27 29
数字遗漏的人
内政部长基普丘姆巴·穆尔科门将建筑工人与其他人分开统计:67名工人全部核实无误,其中66人安全脱险,1人受伤入院,情况稳定,伤势据称没有生命危险。这是一份重要的人员情况统计,但无法说明店主、顾客或路人的情况。10
穆尔科门称,周五有7人被报告失踪,救援人员联系上了瓦砾下的部分人员。这一数字在周六仍被反复提及。关注重点在于地面层和地下室的11家营业商铺内人员的情况。7人是据报失踪人数,并非已确认被困在混凝土下的人数。4 10
红十字会公布的数字则不太一致。《AL.com》10月24日报道称,肯尼亚红十字会灾害事务官员文森特·奥钦报出31起失踪人员报告;《坦普尔每日电讯报》当天刊载的美联社报道则称有21起。两篇报道均表示,这些报告仍在核实中。两者的统计范围或截止时间差异未作说明,因此都不能被安全地当作最终名册。4 9
此外,红十字会称,此前失踪的26人已被找到。他们的姓名没有与其他名册公开对应。找到某人可能意味着确认其安全地身处别处,而非从瓦砾中救出;一些工人可能在坍塌前已经离开。将26从31中减去并宣布仍有5人失踪,会把尚未核对的记录强行说成确定事实。10 6
对于幸存者的描述也应同样谨慎。NBC报道称一名女性获救;周六的报道说,一名男子在坍塌24小时多后被送往医院;ABC周日的播报则称,建筑倒塌约24小时后发现两名幸存者。若没有核对身份和救援时间,就不能简单把这些描述相加。后来归于警方的4人获救总数,是目前有最充分依据的数字更新。20 5 2 40
早期的医疗情况报告也仍不完整。红十字会称有2名伤者被送往肯雅塔国家医院。目前尚不清楚这两名患者是否与受伤工人或后来获救者重合,也没有关于每位获救者最新且经核实的医院病情报告。两次转院不应被当作最终伤者人数。10 38
在层层堆叠的混凝土下搜救
楼层坍塌叠压,沿着一条繁忙的商业街形成混凝土与钢材堆积的土丘。救援人员向较低楼层和地下室推进。居民说,亲人被埋在瓦砾下时曾打电话求救,之后电话便无法接通。失去联系并不能证明他们遭遇了什么;这只给家人留下急切的沉默,而官方数字无法消除这种沉默。24 10 25
起初,重型设备十分短缺。后来一台挖掘机抵达,开始搬移混凝土和钢材,但后续报道说,救援人员因担心挖掘会阻碍空气到达被困者而停止使用挖掘机。BBC援引《民族报》报道了这一预防措施;另一篇报道则称,被困者表示机械作业影响了他们的空气供应。这些是报道所述的作业安全顾虑,并非实测的氧气读数,也不是机械导致任何人死亡的证据。25 12 14
救援人员还使用了搜救犬和热成像传感器。参与救援的有肯尼亚红十字会、肯尼亚国防军、内罗毕郡应急小组和国家青年服务队。有人抢掠附近商店,警方发射催泪瓦斯,导致现场通行更加困难。德国之声报道称,这一事件使为应急队伍疏通通道的工作复杂化,但报道并未证实延误了多久,也未证实因此造成伤亡。9 10 27 23
就建筑的基本描述而言,目前仍说法不一。ABC新闻10月25日的播报称建筑有12层;Mehr通讯社10月24日报道称有18层;BBC当天称,据认为是16层或18层。警方称,建筑有10多层正在施工。没有任何一方给出确定的官方楼层数。坍塌时间也只是大致估计:Euronews转述红十字会称,当地时间约下午1:40;ABC/美联社报道则称约下午1点。2 13 12 25 26
批准并非只有一种许可
最尖锐的监管问题是,为什么未完工的高层建筑下方有商铺营业。郡长约翰逊·萨卡贾表示,郡政府批准了该物业用途变更,但没有批准拟建15层楼加地下室的申请。他还说,业主缺少规定的入驻文件。拟建高度描述的是一份申请,不一定代表建筑倒塌时实际已经建成的高度。10 12
Tuko早期报道笼统称,该建筑获郡政府批准,但没有入驻证书。随后《人民日报》报道,萨卡贾称建筑缺少必要批准,并驳斥一份据称是批准文件的文件为伪造。更完整的区分很重要:批准改变物业用途,不等于批准建筑计划;二者也都不等于允许入驻。现有报道尚未确认完整的审批档案。31 37 45
据报道,国家建筑管理局确认9th Street Plaza Limited为开发商、Stromax Holdings E.A Limited为承包商、Emmanuel Mwangi Maina为建筑师、Joseph Muturi Mugu为结构工程师。该局据报道发布的声明列明了项目相关人员的职责,并未归咎他们导致坍塌。项目于2025年7月登记;登记本身并不能证明该项目符合郡政府的施工和入驻要求。14 30
法律方面的说法仍未厘清。警察指挥官伊萨·穆罕默德表示,如果调查人员认定存在刑事过失,业主和任何授权施工的人都可能面临指控。据另一则报道,政府发言人查尔斯·奥维诺另称,登记业主和另一方已被拘押并遭起诉。现有报道并未明确坍塌后谁被拘押,也未说明究竟提出了哪些指控。10 9
萨卡贾还质疑了对14名与该建筑有关的嫌疑人的处理方式,称他们6月被捕后,在未受指控的情况下以50,000肯尼亚先令保释获释。目前尚未证实这些逮捕发生在哪一年、与坍塌后的调查有何关联,也未见相应的法庭记录。他的质疑不能代替责任认定。46
更广泛的安全问题有据可查:法国24台援引一项全国统计称,2009年至2019年间发生86起建筑坍塌事故,估计造成200人死亡。这些历史数据既不代表东利区事故的伤亡情况,也无法解释这栋建筑为何坍塌。21
播出原貌 24 行
- Rescuers have pulled four people alive from a collapsed high-rise in Nairobi. Shops were operating beneath the unfinished building, and families still don't have a settled count of who's missing. The unresolved task is accounting for everyone who was in those shops.
- Police put the rescue total at four by Sunday, the third day of the response. That updates Saturday's account of one survivor and a later account of two. The four includes earlier rescues.
- The building came down at the 9th Street site in Eastleigh, a densely populated business and residential area. The site is also described along Yusuf Haji Avenue, near Day to Day Supermarket. Those descriptions refer to the same emergency.
- The floors pancaked into a mound of concrete and steel along a busy commercial street. Crews worked toward the lower floors and basement. Residents described calls for help from loved ones beneath the debris, followed by phones becoming unreachable.
- Heavy equipment was scarce at first. One excavator later arrived and began shifting rubble. Responders subsequently stopped using diggers over concerns that excavation could restrict air reaching people below. One account described trapped people saying the machinery was affecting their air supply.
- Teams also used sniffer dogs and thermal sensors. The response brought together the Kenya Red Cross, Kenya Defence Forces, Nairobi County emergency teams and National Youth Service. Police fired tear gas at people looting neighboring shops, adding another complication as emergency teams tried to clear access.
- The Red Cross missing-person figures range from 31 reports to 21. Both figures describe reports still being checked. They don't tell rescuers how many people are beneath the concrete, and the difference between those registers hasn't been explained.
- Interior Cabinet Secretary Kipchumba Murkomen had said seven people were reported missing on Friday. That figure kept circulating through Saturday. Authorities said rescuers had contacted some people beneath the rubble, with concern focused on people associated with 11 occupied ground-floor and basement shops.
- The Red Cross separately said 26 previously missing people had been traced. Their names haven't been matched publicly to the other registers. Some workers may have left before the collapse. These figures can't be added or subtracted into a current missing total.
- Murkomen said all 67 construction workers were accounted for. He said 66 escaped unharmed and one was hospitalized in stable condition, with injuries that weren't life-threatening. His accounting covered the workforce, leaving shopkeepers, customers and passersby to be accounted for separately.
- A shorter description that only 66 workers were accounted for conflicts with that fuller breakdown. Murkomen's tally included the injured worker. And tracing someone can mean finding them safely elsewhere, so the 26 traced people can't be counted as rubble rescues.
- The Red Cross initially said two injured people were taken to Kenyatta National Hospital. A man rescued on Saturday, more than 24 hours after the collapse, also went to hospital. The patients haven't been publicly matched across those accounts.
- Earlier rescue descriptions included a woman, a man and a pair of survivors. Their identities and rescue times haven't been reconciled, so adding those descriptions would risk counting someone twice. The police total of four is the latest cumulative figure.
- The building's height has been described as 12 storeys, 18 storeys, or possibly 16 or 18. Police described more than ten storeys under construction. Authorities haven't settled the actual floor count.
- The collapse happened on Friday afternoon, October 23, 2026. The Red Cross time carried in early accounts was about one-forty. Other accounts placed it around one. The precise time remains approximate.
- Governor Johnson Sakaja said the county approved a change of use for the property. But he said the application for a 15-storey building plus basement hadn't been approved. He also said the owners lacked the required occupation paperwork.
- Sakaja later said required approvals were missing and dismissed a purported approval document as fake. Permission to change a property's use, approval of construction plans and permission to occupy cover different things. Shops were operating on both the ground floor and in the basement while upper floors remained unfinished.
- The National Construction Authority named 9th Street Plaza as developer and Stromax Holdings as contractor. It identified Emmanuel Mwangi Maina as architect and Joseph Muturi Mugu as structural engineer. The authority assigned their project roles without assigning responsibility for the collapse.
- The authority said the project was registered in July 2025. Acting Executive Director Susan Rutto signed the statement. Project registration alone doesn't show that county construction and occupancy requirements were met. Investigators still have to determine what physically caused the building to fail.
- Police commander Issa Mohamud said the owner and anyone who authorized construction could face charges if investigators found criminal negligence. Government spokesperson Charles Owino separately said the registered owner and another party were already in custody and charged.
- Police haven't clarified who was in custody after the collapse or which charges had been filed. Separately, Sakaja challenged the handling of 14 suspects linked to the building. He said they were arrested in June, then released on 50,000 Kenyan shillings bail without charges.
- Sakaja's complaint doesn't settle the legal position after this collapse. The year of those June arrests and their connection to the current investigation remain unclear. Nobody has been shown to bear criminal responsibility for the building's failure.
- Kenya recorded 86 building collapses between 2009 and 2019, with an estimated 200 deaths. Those historical national figures show the longer safety problem. They don't explain what brought down this building or describe casualties in Eastleigh.
- The minister's accounting covers the construction workforce. People who were in the shops and surrounding street still have no reconciled public accounting. Authorities haven't confirmed a death toll. Search teams were still working on Sunday.
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