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国际 · ECO区域合作

巴基斯坦在伊斯兰堡ECO会谈中提出贸易枢纽雄心

巴基斯坦担任主席国,使贸易和供应链成为ECO会谈的核心议题。2035年经济目标和《伊斯兰堡公报》仍是等待部长审议的草案。

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原语言视频

译自英文原文。

巴基斯坦于1985年协助创立经济合作组织(ECO),并承诺推动一个至今仍定义着这一组织的目标:让邻国之间的贸易更加便利。四十年后,伊斯兰堡正准备主办又一次尝试,将这一雄心转化为务实合作,并使巴基斯坦成为区域物流和供应链的中心。⁠18⁠7

ECO第30届部长理事会会议定于2026年11月15日至16日举行,由副总理兼外交部长穆罕默德·伊沙克·达尔主持。眼下的工作是准备并审议决议,而不是庆祝已经实现的贸易突破。规划至2035年的经济目标草案和拟议中的《伊斯兰堡公报》为会议设定了更长远的目标,但现有材料并未表明二者已作为结果获通过。⁠7⁠10

巴基斯坦于2026—27年担任该组织主席国,主题为“重振区域主义,建设韧性ECO”。巴基斯坦外交部表示,该国希望加强区域联系、深化经济一体化,并建立能够带来繁荣与可持续发展的伙伴关系。更具体地说,巴基斯坦希望成为区域互联互通枢纽,促进物流和供应链发展,并助力制定区域贸易议程。这些是东道国的目标,而非本次会议已经取得的成果。⁠7

这种区别首先体现在会议日程本身。尽管活动通常被描述为为期两天的部长级会议,但ECO文件将筹备会议与部长决策会议分别列出。⁠24⁠6

两天,各有分工

  1. 2026年11月15日

    高级官员计划审查ECO的活动和计划,评估附属机构,并为部长们准备议程和成果草案。

    247
  2. 2026年11月16日

    部长理事会会议计划审议筹备工作,包括拟议的长期经济目标和《伊斯兰堡公报》草案。

    610

定稿草案不等于达成一致

筹备文件提到《经济合作战略目标2035》草案的“最终版本”。这一措辞表明谈判文件的准备工作有所进展,但并不能证明部长们已经批准。该文件夹还列出了一份更新后的《伊斯兰堡公报》草案,即本次会议拟发表的联合声明。⁠10

更新后的会议文件夹还说明,部长级会议和高级官员会议的议程均为草案,更新日期截至11月11日。较早的筹备材料提到了10月26日举行的第十次筹备委员会会议。显然,代表们抵达伊斯兰堡之前已开展了相关工作,但流转中的文本、定稿的议程和达成一致的承诺属于不同阶段。⁠6⁠10

预计成员国外交部长和代表团团长将出席会议,ECO秘书处及其附属机构的代表也将参加。达尔欢迎抵达的代表,并表示:“我期待各方进行富有成效的讨论,共同加强区域合作,推进共同优先事项。祝各位代表在伊斯兰堡停留期间取得丰硕成果,留下难忘回忆。”《黎明报》于11月15日报道了这番欢迎辞;该报还报道,达尔曾在10月指示有关部门协调筹备工作,并按时完成各项安排。⁠7⁠1

筹备工作也延伸到了首都之外。巴基斯坦广播电台报道称,一个由8人组成的ECO代表团于11月14日抵达拉合尔,由土库曼斯坦籍副秘书长西拉普别尔迪·努尔别尔季耶夫大使率领。这表明该组织在巴基斯坦的活动还包括其他安排,并不意味着另行达成了一项经济协议。⁠3

广阔的区域,尚未完成的任务

ECO的地理范围说明了互联互通为何重要。其十个成员国是阿富汗、阿塞拜疆、伊朗、哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、巴基斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、土耳其、土库曼斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦,横跨南亚和西亚、高加索以及中亚。土耳其、伊朗和巴基斯坦于1985年创立该组织;其余七国于1992年11月28日加入。扩大贸易、消除区域贸易壁垒是长期目标,并非为伊斯兰堡会议新设的使命。⁠17⁠15⁠18

各主要会议之间,相关机构工作仍在持续。上一届部长理事会于2025年11月28日在线举行,由哈萨克斯坦主持,十个成员国均派代表团出席。两天前,各国贸易部长在伊斯坦布尔举行会议,这是14年来首次召开此类会议。因此,巴基斯坦担任主席国提供了延续贸易议题新一轮关注的机会,而非区域经济合作的起点。⁠15⁠22

出席会议与成员身份也必须区分开来。据巴基斯坦广播电台报道,北塞浦路斯外交部长塔辛·埃尔图鲁洛格鲁于11月14日抵达伊斯兰堡,并由巴基斯坦外交部官员接待。ECO将“土族塞人国”列为观察员,其观察员身份自2012年10月起生效。他参加会议并不意味着该实体成为第十一个成员。⁠2⁠20

对企业而言,衡量巴基斯坦枢纽雄心是否实现的有效标准,是货物运输和跨境经营是否变得更加便利。对家庭和劳动者而言,则要看这些变化是否带来巴基斯坦外交部所称合作应实现的日常生活改善。既定目标是带来切实利益,而不只是加强外交接触。⁠7

但现有会议材料尚未确定新商定的项目预算、实施时间表或贸易成本的量化降幅。材料也没有依据证明,伊斯兰堡会议已经带来价格下降、新增就业或货运提速等好处。

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  1. Pakistan wants to turn itself into a regional hub for trade and supply chains.
  2. Its chairmanship of a ten-country economic bloc puts cross-border business at the centre of regional talks. Pakistan says the aim is to turn closer cooperation into improvements in people's lives.
  3. What ministers will approve, and how those commitments will be carried out, is still unresolved.
  4. The Economic Cooperation Organization, known as ECO, has scheduled its thirtieth Council of Ministers gathering for November fifteenth and sixteenth. Pakistan's deputy prime minister and foreign minister, Mohammad Ishaq Dar, is due to chair it in Islamabad. But the two-day programme gives senior officials and ministers separate jobs.
  5. Senior officials are scheduled to meet on November fifteenth. They'll review ECO's activities and programmes and assess its subsidiary bodies. They'll also prepare the agenda and draft outcomes for the Council of Ministers session on November sixteenth.
  6. Two proposed documents give those preparations a longer horizon. One sets out Strategic Goals of Economic Cooperation for twenty thirty-five. The other is an Islamabad Communiqué, a proposed joint statement. Preparatory material also refers to the tenth preparatory committee meeting, held on October twenty-sixth, ahead of this gathering.
  7. The preparatory folder calls the economic goals a finalized draft. Ministers still have to consider it. The Islamabad Communiqué also appears as a draft, and the updated meeting folder describes both meeting agendas as drafts updated on November eleventh.
  8. Pakistan holds the ECO chairmanship for twenty twenty-six and twenty twenty-seven. Its theme is “Reviving Regionalism for a Resilient ECO.” The Foreign Office says Pakistan wants stronger regional connections, deeper economic integration and closer partnerships, with prosperity and sustainable development as the intended results.
  9. Subscribe to this channel to follow what ECO ministers approve and how those commitments develop.
  10. ECO has ten members: Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Türkiye, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Together, they span South and West Asia, the Caucasus and Central Asia. That geography explains the focus on moving goods and doing business across borders.
  11. Türkiye, Iran and Pakistan founded ECO in nineteen eighty-five. Seven more countries joined on November twenty-eighth, nineteen ninety-two. Expanding trade and removing regional trade barriers have long been its objectives. The previous Council of Ministers met online on November twenty-eighth, twenty twenty-five, under Kazakhstan's chairmanship, with delegations from all ten members participating.
  12. Trade ministers also met in Istanbul in November twenty twenty-five, their first such gathering in fourteen years. Pakistan now wants its chairmanship to help shape the regional trade agenda and make the country a facilitator of logistics and supply chains.
  13. Dar welcomed arriving delegates and said he looked forward to productive discussions on shared priorities. In October, he'd directed authorities to coordinate preparations and have arrangements ready on time for the meeting.
  14. Foreign ministers and delegation heads from member countries are expected to participate. Representatives of the ECO Secretariat and its subsidiary bodies are also expected. Preparations extend beyond the capital: an eight-member ECO delegation arrived in Lahore on November fourteenth.
  15. Northern Cyprus's foreign minister, Tahsin Ertugruloglu, arrived in Islamabad on November fourteenth to attend. Pakistan's Foreign Ministry officials received him at the airport. He joins a gathering chaired by Dar, representing a government that holds observer status in ECO.
  16. ECO lists that observer as the Turkish Cypriot State, a status it has held since October twenty twelve. The organization has ten member countries. Observer participation brings other representatives into the discussions while leaving that membership unchanged.
  17. Pakistan says easier logistics and stronger supply chains should help unlock the region's economic potential. For businesses, the practical test is whether cooperation makes moving goods across borders easier. For people across the region, it's whether those changes improve daily life.
  18. The November sixteenth ministerial session is the next decision point. Ministers are due to consider the work prepared by senior officials, including the draft long-term goals and Islamabad Communiqué. Specific commitments and arrangements for carrying them out depend on what ministers approve.

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