商业 · 在传统土地上工作
Wadeye Sea Farmers有9名工人——前方还有更大的考验
Thamarrurr Sea Farmers的团队规模已增至原来的3倍,并建立了定期向达尔文发运螃蟹的渠道。要把这一立足点发展成更广泛的海产品产业,光有蟹笼和雄心还不够。
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1 篇报道14 家媒体21 个来源
Wadeye的海产品发展目标是在十年内创造约100个就业岗位。迄今取得的成果规模较小,却更为具体:捕捞泥蟹的团队一年间从3名工人增至9名,并定期向达尔文发货。这些数字之间的差距,正是艰巨工作的所在——要建立一家既能持续雇用当地居民、又不耗尽赖以生存的水域资源的企业。1
据ABC News 10月25日的报道,Thamarrurr Sea Farmers如今平均每周向达尔文运送35至50千克泥蟹。这是一项正在运营的业务,而不只是一个发展提案。但更大的就业预测涵盖泥蟹、黑唇牡蛎和其他渔业。它既不意味着目前已有100个岗位,也不代表已经宣布并获得资金支持的招聘计划。1
关键事实
在就业选择有限的社区里,增加6名工人意义重大。但员工人数和运货公斤数无法全面说明企业的经营状况。这里没有经核实的售价、运费、工资总额或盈利数据,也没有这9名工人的全职当量指标。团队已经打通了销售渠道,但销售收入能否覆盖进入这一市场的全部成本仍不得而知。
捕获的蟹必须赶上飞机
天亮前,团队沿着澳大利亚北领地西海岸红树林环绕的水道出发。他们的截止时间,是一架下午起飞、将渔获运往达尔文鱼市的轻型飞机。Port Keats Road每年约有一半时间因水淹而无法通行,导致Wadeye约2,500名居民无法通过公路出行。捕到可销售的螃蟹只是工作的一部分;要及时将它们运出社区,又是另一回事。1
这项商业联系有据可查。Aboriginal Sea Company在2025年12月18日发布的公告中称,团队上周首次将螃蟹卖到社区之外,公告前一天又有一批货送抵达尔文。如今每周的发货量是在这些早期销售的基础上发展起来的。6
团队带来了远早于这项业务的知识。协调员Johnson Katuura说,新成员一辈子都在捕鱼。Theo Dooling记得,小时候会和家人一起从泥坑里捉螃蟹。商业捕捞意味着要使用不同的设备,也会遭遇损失:他说,鳄鱼为了吃到渔获,已经压坏了他的5个蟹笼。没有说明具体时间段或经济损失。1
ABC报道的那次出海中,几乎每个拉上船的蟹笼里都有泥蟹,最大的一只重达2千克。这一幕令人鼓舞,但不能替代对整个渔场资源状况的评估。一次收获颇丰的出海,无法证明这些水域能够承受多少捕捞量。1
获准增加捕捞,不等于产能无限
获得完整商业许可证后,Sea Farmers得以扩大业务,超越早前的原住民沿海许可证安排。该许可证允许最多在水中设置60个蟹笼。这是获准的上限,并非经核实目前实际投放的数量。此处尚未明确具体的许可证所有权和分配安排。ABC称Aboriginal Sea Company是北领地最大的蟹类许可证持有者;该公司称Wadeye是其唯一由社区经营的商业捕鱼业务,但这一说法并不能确定所有权或利润分配方式。1
这项业务已经遇到渔业管理方面的限制。北领地其他地区对蟹类数量的担忧促使当局暂停发放商业许可证,而当时团队正准备开始商业作业。与有关部门协商后,该团队的许可证暂时恢复为原住民沿海许可证;暂停结束后,许可证又恢复为商业许可证。这段叙述说的是过去发生的一次中断,并不意味着目前全北领地范围内禁捕,也不表示Wadeye永久获得豁免。1
Thamarrurr Development Corporation希望重新审查渔业管理区。该机构认为,为捕捞压力较大的水域制定的规则,可能不适用于Wadeye周边捕捞压力相对较小的水域。这是要求改变政策的理由,并非独立调查认定现有保护措施没有必要。副首席执行官Tracey Leo表示,这项业务完全支持可持续捕捞策略,并记录捕鱼地点和螃蟹数量,以免捕捞集中在同一地点。1
这些记录是切实可行的管理措施,但本身并不能证明当地蟹类资源可持续。企业既需要能够承受捕捞压力的资源,也需要允许业务维持经营的规则。就业需求再迫切,也不能让这两项要求中的任何一项消失。
我们希望它能够长久发展。
Katuura强调的是打牢基础,而不是急于增加数字。Humpty Doo Barramundi通过合作关系提供指导和培训;这段关系是在Leo曾在那里工作后,由她协助建立的。此前的报道记述了在该鲈鱼养殖场及当地开展的培训;2026年6月26日的一篇报道还记载,Sea Farmers的新成员前往达尔文接受海产品行业培训。Katuura将导师的建议概括为“循序渐进”。1 14 15
实现百个就业岗位的目标究竟需要什么
牡蛎项目并非新构想,但相关里程碑仍处于开发阶段。Thamarrurr Development Corporation于2023年8月宣布在Docherty Island进行小规模黑唇牡蛎场址试验,其中包括铺设首批绳索和设置网箱。ABC Rural于2024年3月报道,超过100,000只幼牡蛎已空运至Wadeye进行试验。合作和培训工作持续至2025年。这些里程碑都不能证明商业化牡蛎捕捞、销售已经开始,也不能确定投产日期。12 13 15
有文件记载显示,一项覆盖Wadeye和其他数个地点的更广泛海产品开发项目获得了资金支持。澳大利亚北部发展合作研究中心列出的出资额为A$1,913,500,项目总价值为A$4,092,534,项目从2023年持续至2026年10月。这些数字是整个项目的金额。Wadeye获得的份额尚未说明,两个金额都不能视为对这支有9名工人的蟹类团队的投资,也不能当作创造100个当地就业岗位的预算。10
Leo表示,业务需要大量基础设施:大型棚屋、船只、蟹笼和牡蛎网箱。她也对自己的就业预测作出了关键限定:“这不会在短时间内转化为100个就业岗位。”她回忆,Humpty Doo Barramundi花了大约14或15年才实现盈利;这说明需要耐心,并非对Wadeye何时达到盈亏平衡的预测。目前尚未宣布招聘时间表,也没有商业化牡蛎生产的最后期限。1
当地对工作的需求很大,但现有统计数据必须分别看待。ABC估计,Wadeye目前约有300名成年人有工作,并称2021年人口普查显示约五分之一的成年人有工作。这是不同日期的不同指标,且没有证据表明两者使用相同的分母,因此不能据此确定就业趋势或当前失业率。人口普查统计的Wadeye指定地区人口为1,924人,年龄中位数为27岁;这一历史地理范围不能与如今约2,500名社区居民的估算混为一谈。1 17
Leo还认为,工作的类型很重要。许多当地岗位是在超市或家庭中心等场所为顾客提供服务,而亲属关系义务可能使人们难以决定可以为谁提供服务。她认为,在传统土地上工作更符合当地人的愿望。这是她的看法,并不能证明人人都想从事同一种工作,也不意味着服务类工作没有价值。1
Sea Farmers已经在直接邀请年轻一代加入。团队成员Joel Martin表示,他们会前往当地学校,鼓励学生完成学业并找工作。这项外展活动是实实在在的,但尚无研究衡量其对毕业率或青年就业的影响。1
对Dooling来说,这项工作的意义无需用十年后的预测来说明:“当我来到属于我的海洋传统领地时,心里就感到高兴。”更大的考验是,这种富有目标感的工作能否转化为更多人的持久生计。9名工人和定期发货是值得认真看待的开端。要实现百个岗位的目标,还需要切实可行的许可证制度、负担得起的运输费用、投资,以及水域能够持续供给的捕捞量。1
播出原貌 22 行
- Wadeye's sea farmers have tripled their workforce in a year.
- Nine people now work in the operation, six more than a year earlier. In a community with few employment options, the test is whether this fishery can support more lasting jobs without exhausting its waters.
- The Thamarrurr Sea Farmers send an average of 35 to 50 kilograms of mud crabs to Darwin each week. They're turning skills developed over a lifetime into commercial work. But catching the crabs is only part of the job. The crew also has to reach a distant customer on time.
- Port Keats Road washes out for roughly half the year, cutting road access for Wadeye's approximately 2,500 residents. The crew starts before dawn and must return in time to load a light plane for Darwin Fish Market that afternoon.
- That market connection is already operating. A December 2025 announcement recorded the team's first crab sale outside the community, followed by another delivery to Darwin. Today's weekly shipments build on those early sales. We don't yet know whether sales cover the full costs of freight and running the business.
- The crew records where it fishes and how many crabs it takes, helping it avoid concentrating the harvest in one location. On one fishing trip, nearly every pot hauled aboard contained mud crabs. The largest weighed two kilograms.
- A full commercial licence has allowed the operation to expand beyond its earlier Aboriginal coastal-licence arrangements. It permits up to 60 pots in the water. The Aboriginal Sea Company, the Territory's largest crab-licence holder, describes Wadeye as its only community-run commercial fishing operation.
- Concerns about crab numbers elsewhere in the Territory interrupted the crew's commercial plans. After negotiations with authorities, its licences temporarily returned to Aboriginal coastal status. They switched back to commercial status when the pause ended.
- Thamarrurr Development Corporation wants the fishery management zones reviewed. It argues that rules designed for heavily fished waters may fit Wadeye's relatively lightly fished waters poorly. That's the corporation's case for changing the rules. Its deputy CEO, Tracey Leo, says the operation fully supports sustainable harvest strategies.
- Coordinator Johnson Katuura says, “We want it to be long-living.” His priority is a stronger foundation before faster growth. He describes recruits who have fished all their lives, bringing knowledge of these waters into the enterprise.
- Humpty Doo Barramundi provides mentoring and training. Leo previously worked there and helped establish the two-way relationship. Workers have trained at the barramundi farm and locally, and recruits travelled to Darwin for seafood-industry training in June 2026. Katuura sums up the mentors' advice as “take baby steps”.
- More than 100,000 baby oysters were flown to Wadeye for a trial described in March 2024. That followed a small black-lip oyster site trial at Docherty Island in August 2023. Partnership and training work continued into 2025.
- Black-lip oysters are part of the wider employment ambition, alongside crabs and other fisheries. Developing that industry takes equipment and money. Leo describes investment in a large shed, boats, crab pots and oyster cages. A broader seafood-development project also includes Wadeye among several locations.
- The Cooperative Research Centre for Developing Northern Australia lists a contribution of 1,913,500 Australian dollars. The total project value is 4,092,534 dollars. Those figures cover the multi-location project running from 2023 to October 2026, with Wadeye's share unspecified.
- The larger jobs forecast comes from Leo. She believes a fully developed local seafood industry could employ about 100 people within a decade. Her comparison is with Humpty Doo Barramundi, which she recalls taking roughly 14 or 15 years to become profitable. She's arguing for patience with a developing industry.
- Leo says investment in infrastructure won't quickly translate into 100 jobs. Her forecast covers crabs, black-lip oysters and other fisheries. Reaching it would require years of development, and there's no announced hiring timetable or date for commercial oyster production.
- The employment need is substantial. About 300 adults in Wadeye are currently estimated to have work. A separate historical description puts employment at about one adult in five in 2021. Different dates and population definitions mean those figures can't show how employment has changed.
- The 2021 census counted 1,924 people in the Wadeye locality, with a median age of 27. That defined census area can't simply be substituted for today's estimate of approximately 2,500 community residents to calculate an unemployment rate.
- Leo also argues that the kind of work matters. Many local jobs involve serving customers at places such as the supermarket or family centre. She says kinship obligations can complicate whom someone may serve. She sees work on Country as a closer match for local aspirations.
- Sea farmer Theo Dooling remembers catching crabs from mud holes with his family as a child. Commercial work brings different hazards. He says crocodiles have crushed five of his pots while trying to get at the catch.
- The enterprise has already added six workers and established regular shipments. Its next expansion depends on investment, workable licensing, affordable freight and sales that support lasting jobs while protecting the catch. For Dooling, working on his sea Country already brings happiness, peace and purpose.
- Team member Joel Martin says the sea farmers visit the local school to encourage students to graduate and find work. The crew hopes more young people will join them.
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