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健康 · 鹿病检测

明尼苏达州鹿季开幕：两项义务，先登记再检测

每只猎获的鹿都必须在 48 小时内登记，但要将鹿送去进行 CWD 采样的猎人必须先登记。指定许可区域的强制检测于 11 月 7–8 日进行。

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HeyDex

原语言视频

译自英文原文。

明尼苏达州猎人有 48 小时的时间登记猎获的鹿，但如果要尽早将鹿送去进行疾病检测，这并不意味着他们可以等满 48 小时。必须先登记。在枪猎季首个周末，指定许可区域将进行强制慢性消耗性疾病检测，因此这两项任务的先后顺序与日期同样重要。⁠1⁠12

枪猎季将于 2026 年 11 月 7 日星期六开幕，这一日期已由明尼苏达州自然资源部 11 月 2 日的通知确认。CBS 明尼苏达州 11 月 5 日的报道称，自然资源部预计本季将有超过 400,000 名猎人。这是预测，并非已经进入猎场的人数；首个周末的采样结果也尚未出炉。⁠18⁠1

48 小时每只猎获鹿的登记期限 1
11 月 7–8 日指定区域的强制采样周末 4
超过 400,000预计猎人数量，尚未统计 1

两项义务，顺序要正确

登记和疾病采样各有不同作用。登记是向州政府记录猎获情况；采样则是提交鹿进行 CWD 检测。完成其中一项不能代替另一项。CBS 明尼苏达州报道称，每只猎获的鹿都必须在 48 小时内登记；自然资源部的监测区指导则规定，鹿必须先登记，再进行采样。⁠1⁠12

如果猎人要在 48 小时期限届满前送鹿去采样，实际做法很简单：尽早登记。登记期限是完成这项任务的最晚时限，并不意味着可以带着尚未登记的猎获物去采样。

也不应把 48 小时规则理解为另一项采样期限。这里所述的强制采样日期是 11 月 7 日和 8 日。猎人应围绕首个周末的采样窗口和自然资源部适用的提交说明做好安排，而不要以为登记计时适用于这两项义务。⁠4⁠12

许可编号划定适用范围

这项强制要求针对特定地区，并非全州适用。CBS 明尼苏达州将覆盖区域概括为明尼苏达州西南部，并报道称，该地区 1 岁及以上的鹿必须在 11 月 7 日和 8 日接受检测。年龄门槛很重要：据报的检测要求并不涵盖所有猎获鹿，无论年龄大小。相比之下，每只猎获的鹿都必须登记。⁠1

对每位猎人而言，鹿许可区域编号比地区名称更有用。自然资源部 10 月 12 日的采样提醒和监测资料列出了以下区域：213, 214, 215, 218, 219, 234, 237, 238, 250, 252, 253, 270, 272, 273, 274, 275, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 286, 288, 289, 290, 291, 294, 295, 296, 299, 671 和 685。⁠4⁠12

10 月的通知也明确表示，采样日程是在本周开幕提醒发布之前制定的。CBS 11 月 5 日的报道提供了据报的 1 岁年龄门槛和 48 小时登记期限；注明日期的自然资源部通知则独立确认了 2026 年的采样周末。这些是互为补充的指导信息，并非可以互换、用来佐证所有细节的来源。⁠4⁠1

季节日历也需要同样谨慎解读。自然资源部列出的枪猎季 A 期为 2026 年 11 月 7 日至 11 月 22 日。这并不代表所有狩猎活动和许可区域的日期或限制都相同，也不应把为期两天的强制采样窗口误认为贯穿整个狩猎季的要求。猎人需要了解适用于自己具体狩猎活动的规则，而不只是全州统一的开季日期。⁠21⁠4

强制周末之外的检测

指定区域以外的猎人也可以进行检测。自然资源部在明尼苏达州全境及整个鹿季期间提供 CWD 检测选项，包括尚未发现该疾病的地区。因此，可以进行检测并不意味着在某只鹿的猎获地点发现了 CWD。⁠6

该部门的邮寄检测项目提供免费试剂盒和免费检测，结果可在线查询。不过，试剂盒数量有限，猎人不应将这一选项视为无限供应的资源。这些更广泛的检测选项不同于指定许可区域内首个周末的强制要求。⁠6

关于人类健康的问题，需要准确表述，而不是引起恐慌，也不应作出超出证据范围的安慰。美国疾病控制与预防中心表示，CWD「尚未被证明会感染人类」。科学家仍在研究接触受感染动物或食用其肉类是否会影响人类健康。这意味着潜在风险仍在研究中；这既不能证明人类会感染，也不能证明接触无害。⁠2

目前，具体要做的是遵守规定并配合监测：确认许可区域，留意据报的年龄门槛，并在送去采样前登记猎获物。11 月 7 日开季后，强制检测窗口也将开始。参与的猎人有多少、采样的鹿有多少以及检测结果如何，都是狩猎开始后才能回答的问题，不能根据预期参与人数就下结论。⁠1⁠4⁠12

来源7

在此处引用的来源中，CBS Minnesota最先发布，比本报道播出早74分钟。
  1. CBS Minnesota
  2. HeyDay News

2篇早期文章作为背景资料参阅。4家媒体未注明日期：Minnesota Department of Natural ResourcesCIDRAPMeasles (Rubeola)mo.gov

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来自 7 家媒体的 21 个来源· 引用最多的优先

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  1. Minnesota hunters must register every harvested deer within 48 hours.
  2. Opening weekend also brings mandatory disease testing for qualifying deer in designated permit areas. Hunters there need to plan for registration before they bring their deer for sampling.
  3. Who needs a disease test, and how does that fit with registering the harvest?
  4. Minnesota's firearms deer season opens Saturday, November seventh. The opening-weekend testing requirement covers designated deer permit areas described broadly as southwest Minnesota. The permit-area number determines whether a hunter falls within that requirement.
  5. Hunters must have deer at least one year old tested for chronic wasting disease, often called CWD, in those covered areas on November seventh and eighth. That age threshold applies to the mandatory testing requirement. Every harvested deer still has to be registered.
  6. The DNR expects more than 400,000 hunters this season. That puts disease sampling alongside a large statewide hunting event, with opening weekend providing an opportunity to check harvested deer for chronic wasting disease.
  7. For someone bringing a deer in for sampling, the order of those tasks affects the plan. Registering the harvest records the deer with the state. Disease sampling submits it for testing. Hunters who need both must complete registration first.
  8. Every harvested deer must be registered within 48 hours. Hunters in the covered areas must have deer at least one year old tested November seventh and eighth. Register first, then present the deer for sampling, even if your registration deadline is later.
  9. The 48-hour clock governs registration. Hunters presenting a deer for sampling sooner need to register it sooner. The testing dates fall on the first two days of the firearms season, so that opening-weekend obligation needs to be part of handling the harvest.
  10. The DNR identifies the covered hunting areas by permit number. Those designations give an individual hunter a more precise boundary than the phrase southwest Minnesota. The agency set out the mandatory sampling weekend on October twelfth, ahead of the opener.
  11. Season dates also depend on the hunt and permit area. The state's Season A listing runs through November twenty-second, while the mandatory sampling window described here covers the opening weekend. Hunters need the dates and requirements that apply to their particular hunt.
  12. The firearms opener is November seventh. Mandatory sampling in the designated areas runs November seventh and eighth. The listed Season A dates are November seventh through twenty-second, with individual hunt and permit-area rules governing the details.
  13. Hunters elsewhere in Minnesota can also get deer tested. The DNR offers testing options statewide throughout the deer seasons, including in places where CWD hasn't been detected. A testing option's availability doesn't tell a hunter whether disease has been found locally.
  14. The DNR's mail-in program provides free kits and free testing. Hunters can get the results online. Kit supplies are limited, so that option depends on availability even though testing extends beyond the areas with mandatory opening-weekend sampling.
  15. Scientists haven't shown that chronic wasting disease infects people. They're still studying whether contact with infected animals, or eating their meat, could affect human health. That leaves a potential health risk under study while hunters meet the state's disease-surveillance requirements.
  16. Testing gives hunters a way to learn whether their deer has CWD, and it helps check for disease across Minnesota. The opening-weekend samples are still ahead. How many deer will be sampled, and what those tests find, will come after the November seventh opener.

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