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政治 · 马车行业退场

纽约马车行业退场计划攸关180匹马和从业者的未来

《Romanch法案》将结束运营的计划日期定为2028年6月1日。市长是否采取行动尚未确认；过渡安排仍须为从业者和约180匹马提供切实保障。

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  1. 第 1 次更新纽约马车行业退场计划攸关180匹马和从业者的未来当前位置

如果纽约按计划推进马车行业退场，约180匹马将需要退休安置。这正是市议会投票结束马匹拉车运营背后的任务规模：这不只是让一项街头观光活动消失，还要为动物以及收入依赖这一行业的人安排后续出路。市政府计划帮助寻找安置地点，并为行业从业者提供就业机会。目前尚无证据表明这两项工作已经完成。1

2026年10月22日，市议会投票通过《Romanch法案》，将与中央公园相关的这一行业计划于2028年6月1日结束。该措施适用于纽约市各处的马匹拉车，不仅限于公园内的乘坐服务。据同期报道，投票结果为40票赞成、7票反对，另有2票弃权。3 2 11

这是决定性的立法步骤，并非立即停运。截至10月26日，市长是否已正式签署尚未得到确认。市长Zohran Mamdani支持经协商达成的退场计划，预计会签署，但这种预期不应与法律已经正式生效混为一谈。94

关键事实

  1. 40–7市议会通过退场计划的投票结果 411
  2. 2028年6月1日计划结束马匹拉车运营的日期 3

市议会的立法记录显示了其中的区别。第0943-2026号提案涉及禁止马匹拉车并制定行业过渡计划，其状态显示为“已通过（待市长签署）”。然而，记录中的通过日期和地方法律编号栏为空白。该记录支持报道市议会已通过该措施，但不能证明已签署的地方法律已经生效。85

市议员Christopher Marte提出了该法案，市议会议长Julie Menin则予以支持。他们在立法上的胜利使争论进入了一个新阶段。核心问题不再是市议会是否会批准结束马车运营，而是市政府能否落实承诺，使过渡安排奏效。3

一场死亡改变了争论

该措施以18岁的印度游客Romanch Mahajan命名。2026年6月17日，他在中央公园发生的一起失控马车事件后死亡。他的死为一场已有的运动增添了新的紧迫性；这场运动早已将动物福利方面的反对意见与对乘客和公众安全的担忧联系起来。97 98

现有报道尚未厘清事件的具体经过。日本放送协会称，Mahajan被甩下马车；其他报道则称，他在母亲摔倒后试图帮助她，过程中跳下了马车。马车失控及其死亡已得到确认，但若断定其中一种说法就是最终事实，便超出了证据所能支持的范围。本报道未能确认法医的最终结论，也未能确认调查最终认定由谁承担责任。1 83 99

这种区分很重要。致命事件足以构成审查安全问题的有力理由，但它本身并不意味着认定某位车夫负有刑事责任。

支持逐步结束该行业的人士认为，乘坐马车会使马匹、乘客和公众面临不可接受的风险。反对者则认为，这会让纽约失去一项长期传统，也会让从业者失去生计。这是两种不同的主张，而投票并不会让经济层面的主张消失：市政府可以决定终止一个行业，同时仍有责任认真关注因此失去生计的人。1 7

承诺仍需落实

市政府公布的计划是，为马车车夫及其他行业从业者提供就业机会，并帮助约180匹退休马匹寻找安置地点。这个数字指的是报道中提到的退休安置任务；它并非经独立核实的现有持牌马车马匹数量，更不是已经完成安置的数量。1

对从业者来说，就业援助并不等于保证获得替代收入。经审查的证据并未确定具体拨款、补偿金额或有保障的工作岗位。对马匹而言，证据也未能确认安置已经完成，或存在全面且可强制执行的退休保障措施。具体的过渡期实施节点同样尚未得到确认。3 85

这些并非可以等最后一趟马车结束运营后再处理的次要问题，而是过渡安排的实质内容。工作转介必须能带来从业者可以依赖的工作；马匹的安置也不能只是搬迁当天的一个目的地。漫长的退场期给了市政府准备时间。衡量这段时间是否得到妥善利用的标准，应是人们的生计和持久照护，而不是公告。

现有数字也有局限，无法充分说明这个行业的运营记录。经确认的现役持牌车夫、马车和马匹的特定日期总数尚未确立；检查、违规或执法结果也没有足够的量化数据来评估其安全表现。已有记录的事件值得关注，但不能将其扩展成证据并未提供的统计结论。12 13

多年施压后，投票终于到来

这项退场运动最初称为《Ryder法案》，后来才改称《Romanch法案》。Ryder是一匹马车马，于2022年8月倒地，此事成为反对该行业人士关注的焦点。根据曼哈顿地区检察官办公室的说法，数月后，由于病情不佳，Ryder被实施安乐死。35 88

2023年11月15日，地区检察官Alvin Bragg宣布起诉当时55岁的Ryder车夫Ian McKeever。检方指称，尽管这匹马存在严重健康问题，McKeever仍虐待它，导致它在一个气温达84度的日子工作后倒地。这些是检方的指控，并非有罪认定。《美联社》的一篇报道记录了2025年7月举行的刑事审判；该报道并未确认审判结果。88 91

较早提出的政策方案也必须与现已通过的措施区分开来。2023年3月，纽约市律师协会支持一项拟议法案，该法案原计划从2024年6月1日起禁止马匹拉车运营，并以无马电动马车项目取而代之。这只是拟议的截止日期，并不能证明禁令于2024年生效。现有证据也未能证明当前措施包含同样的电动马车替代方案。87 85

时任市长Eric Adams于2025年9月17日采取了另一项行动，呼吁结束中央公园的马匹拉车运营，并签署行政命令以加强监督和执法，同时为市议会最终禁令做好机构准备。这项行政行动是为立法决定做准备，并非禁令本身。18

市议会现已作出这一决定。市长的后续行动是眼下尚未解决的步骤。此后还有更艰巨的考验：在计划于2028年6月1日结束运营之前，将就业援助转化为可靠的工作机会，并将退休承诺落实为安全、长久的安置。结束马车运营有明确期限，完成过渡则是一项责任。94 3 1

播出原貌 17 行
  1. A runaway carriage killed an eighteen-year-old tourist in Central Park. Now the City Council has voted to end horse-drawn carriage operations, setting a June first, twenty twenty-eight deadline. The transition reaches industry workers and about one hundred eighty horses.
  2. Workers still need to know what will replace their incomes, and who will provide lasting homes for the horses.
  3. Forty Council members supported the measure on October twenty-second, twenty twenty-six. Seven opposed it, and two abstained. That vote approved a phased end to the industry, giving the city time to prepare for the final rides.
  4. The measure is called Romanch's Law. It would prohibit horse-drawn cabs and require an industry transition plan. Its reach extends across New York City, including the carriage rides associated with Central Park.
  5. Council Member Christopher Marte sponsored the bill, and Council Speaker Julie Menin backed it. Mayor Zohran Mamdani supported the negotiated phaseout and was expected to sign. His approval is the immediate next step.
  6. As of October twenty-sixth, a completed mayoral signature hasn't been confirmed. The Council has passed the bill, but the mayoral step is still pending. June first, twenty twenty-eight is the planned phaseout date.
  7. Romanch Mahajan was eighteen and visiting from India when the runaway-carriage incident took his life on June seventeenth, twenty twenty-six. His death gave fresh urgency to a campaign that had already joined concerns about passenger safety with objections to the treatment of working horses.
  8. It's still unclear whether Mahajan was thrown from the carriage or jumped while trying to help his mother after she fell. The runaway incident and his death drove demands to end the rides.
  9. Supporters argue that horse-drawn carriages expose animals, passengers and the public to unacceptable risks. Opponents say the phaseout would erase a longstanding New York tradition and take away livelihoods. For drivers and other workers, losing the rides means losing the work attached to them.
  10. The city plans to help find homes for about one hundred eighty retiring horses. That puts long-term care at the center of the phaseout. The task is to arrange places where those horses can live after their working lives end.
  11. The city also plans to help drivers and other industry workers find employment. Workers still need details about dependable replacement work and financial support. The transition commitments don't yet tell them how much income assistance they can count on, or which jobs will be available.
  12. A carriage horse named Ryder collapsed in August twenty twenty-two. He was euthanized several months later because of his poor medical condition. The phaseout campaign previously used the name Ryder's Law before the measure became Romanch's Law.
  13. Ryder's collapse also led to criminal charges. On November fifteenth, twenty twenty-three, Manhattan District Attorney Alvin Bragg accused driver Ian McKeever, then fifty-five, of abusing the horse to the point of collapse despite significant health problems.
  14. Prosecutors said Ryder had worked on an eighty-four-degree day before collapsing. McKeever faced a criminal trial in July twenty twenty-five. The outcome isn't clear, so those accusations remain allegations rather than a finding of guilt.
  15. An earlier proposal would have ended horse-drawn carriage operations beginning June first, twenty twenty-four, and replaced them with horseless electric carriages. The New York City Bar Association backed that proposal in March twenty twenty-three. The twenty twenty-four date belonged to that earlier proposal.
  16. Then-Mayor Eric Adams called for ending Central Park's horse-drawn carriages in September twenty twenty-five. He signed an executive order strengthening oversight and enforcement, while directing agencies to prepare for an eventual Council ban.
  17. The Council has now approved a phaseout, but the current plan doesn't promise the electric-carriage program from the earlier proposal. Mayor Mamdani's action comes next. After that, workers need employment assistance that produces dependable work, and the horses need lasting homes before the planned June first, twenty twenty-eight endpoint.

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