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未曾登陆的风暴摧毁海岸

热带风暴玛丽从未登陆,但它在高潮时带来的涌浪摧毁了从达纳角到马里布的住宅,并迫使长滩20处住所的居民撤离。

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原语言视频

译自英文原文。

20套住宅在几分钟内被疏散。并不是因为飓风袭击了南加州——飓风从未登陆——而是因为数百英里外海上的风暴将海水推过海堤,涌入街区街道,在居民还来不及移动车辆前,就把沥青路面变成了湖泊⁠3⁠7。这就是热带风暴玛丽从大约9月6日至9月8日造成的破坏规模:没有登陆,加州也没有发布热带风暴监视或警报,但房屋仍被砸毁、一条车道消失,超过50英里的海岸线上出现数十张红色标记⁠12⁠13。

20长滩疏散住宅 3
12 ft冲破长滩海堤的海浪 7
31后来被贴上红色标记的马里布房产 11
~30 ft马里布塌陷天坑的深度 4

玛丽停留在海上,涌浪却席卷海岸

  1. 9月3日,周四

    飓风玛丽在下加利福尼亚半岛西南方向达到峰值,持续风速接近80 knots。

    19
  2. 9月5日,周六

    仍为飓风,风速80 knots,向西北方向移动,远离海岸。

    16
  3. 9月7日,周一,0900 UTC

    减弱为热带风暴,风速55-knot、气压986 mb,位置接近24.4N 123.7W。

    12
  4. 9月8日,周二

    美国国家飓风中心发布最后一份公告,将玛丽归类为后热带气旋。

    13

玛丽的编号为EP132026,在下加利福尼亚半岛西南方向达到飓风强度峰值,最大持续风速接近80 knots,阵风达100 knots⁠16⁠19。9月7日上午,它的中心位于24.4N 123.7W附近,以7 knots向西北移动,风速为55-knot,阵风达65 knots,最低气压为986 mb⁠12。9月8日发布的最后一份公告将其归类为后热带气旋⁠13。袭击加州的并不是风暴中心带来的风或雨,而是长周期南向涌浪恰逢劳工节高潮抵岸。两者叠加,使近海10-foot的海浪撞上堤墙和海崖时,形成12-foot的破浪⁠2⁠5。

在达纳角,卡皮斯特拉诺海滩的海滩路沿线房屋一户接一户受损。航拍画面显示,洪水冲毁了临海住宅,至少一栋几乎或完全被毁,另有数栋严重受损⁠6⁠10。该市宣布进入地方紧急状态,工作人员开始沿岸摆放数百块巨石,以保护剩余区域⁠6。达纳角没有人员受伤的报告⁠8。无法确定的是无法居住的住宅数量:CBS洛杉矶报道称7套住宅被贴上红色标记⁠8;随后与市府相关的报道称,在又一次高潮后,卡皮斯特拉诺湾和海滩路一带有9套住宅被贴上红色标记、7套被贴上黄色标记⁠2;另有统计称,橙县共有14套海滨住宅受损,其中约十几套无法居住⁠9。

当时情况一切正常,五分钟内,整条街就变成了湖。

埃维莉娜·马尔迪罗西安 7

长滩发生了规模最大的单次疏散,地点位于半岛上的Seaside Walk,约在63rd Place至67th Place之间⁠3。12-foot的海浪冲破海堤,撕毁木板步道,淹没房屋、毁坏汽车,几分钟内街道便被水淹没⁠7。77岁的居民埃维莉娜·马尔迪罗西安说,原本正常的情况在五分钟内变成了一片湖⁠7。官员下令疏散约20套住宅;部分报道将其描述为19座建筑,内有24个居住单元⁠3。疏散令于9月9日周三早晨解除⁠2。当地没有住宅被贴上红色标记,1套被贴上黄色标记,但63rd Place至68th Place之间的木板步道仍然关闭⁠2。

马里布失去的是脚下的土地

在马里布,9月8日周二清晨,Sea Level Drive East 31600号街区一处临海车道塌陷,形成一个约30乘30至30乘60英尺、深约30英尺的天坑⁠4。多家报道广泛称该房产属于演员尼古拉斯·凯奇⁠4。房屋下方的天坑里可以看到海浪,房屋仍由桩柱支撑,未倒塌⁠4。一条燃气主管道破裂,SoCalGas关闭了供气;为防止管线破损,供水也被切断⁠4。最初有5套住宅因存在危险状况被贴上红色标记;此后,被贴上红色标记并疏散的房产增至31处,主要原因是私人道路唯一的出入口被堵住⁠4⁠11。房主协会开始进行获准的维修,官员表示天坑一夜之间没有明显扩大,工程预计需要约五周⁠2。

地点

  1. 01马里布Sea Level Drive East
  2. 02长滩Seaside Walk
  3. 03达纳角海滩路

同一轮侵蚀也冲刷掉了马里布住宅周围的海滩,留下约10英尺高的沙坡,露出约十几根桩柱⁠2。周日破裂的一根排水管漂向近海,之后由救生员移除;一座救生员瞭望塔则被迁至约四分之一英里外的内陆⁠2。这些细节反映了更广泛的沙滩和基础设施损失,但并未被证实属于与车道事发地点有关的单一官方说法⁠2。到9月9日晚些时候,造成破坏的涌浪正在减弱,但一份海滩危险声明仍覆盖洛杉矶县海岸部分地段,提示离岸流持续存在;一份沿海洪水提示则持续至周三晚间,覆盖橙县和圣迭戈县的海滩,部分水域还发布了小型船只提示⁠2。接下来的主要威胁不再是海浪,而是极端高温;厄尔尼诺格局正在形成,未来几个月远处风暴带来涌浪的可能性也随之增加⁠2⁠28。

已知

  • 玛丽从未登陆,加州也未发布热带风暴监视或警报。 13
  • 海堤受损后,长滩约20套住宅被疏散。 3
  • 达纳角至少有7套住宅被贴上红色标记,后续统计数字更高。 8

未知

  • 尚未确定官方维修总费用。
  • 达纳角和马里布相关来源的最终红色标记数量仍未确定。

后续

  • 马里布海崖修复工程能否按五周的预估时间完成。
  • 长滩木板步道何时全面重新开放、通行恢复正常。

来源18

在此处引用的来源中,ABC News最先发布,比本报道播出早31小时。
  1. ABC News
  2. HeyDay News

17家媒体未注明日期:NOAALos Angeles TimesLAistNBC Los Angelesnypost.comCBS News

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来自 18 家媒体的 32 个来源· 引用最多的优先

播出原貌
  1. A storm that never touched California's coast destroyed a beachfront home and emptied a neighborhood.
  2. The swell from Tropical Storm Marie, riding the highest tides of the year, drove twelve-foot waves into the seawalls and stripped the beaches from Dana Point to Malibu.
  3. Tonight, the question is exactly how many homes are now too dangerous to enter.
  4. That's the scene in Long Beach, where the waves smashed through the seawall and turned the street into a lake within minutes.
  5. Marie formed as a hurricane southwest of Baja, peaking with sustained winds near eighty knots. It weakened to a tropical storm, stayed hundreds of miles offshore, and was finally declared post-tropical on September eighth. It never made landfall, and no watch or warning was ever issued for California.
  6. The damage stretched across two counties and more than fifty miles of coastline.
  7. In Dana Point's Capistrano Beach, flooding devastated the homes along Beach Road. At least one home was nearly destroyed, and several others were severely damaged. The city declared a local emergency and has been placing hundreds of boulders along the shore to protect what's left.
  8. In Dana Point, seven homes were red-tagged, but later tallies put the figure at nine, with seven yellow-tagged. Fourteen beachfront homes were damaged across Orange County, about a dozen uninhabitable. In Malibu, the red-tag list grew from five to thirty-one after the private access road was blocked.
  9. In Long Beach, the evacuation was the largest. Officials pulled about twenty homes off the Peninsula after twelve-foot waves compromised the seawall and shredded the boardwalk.
  10. The water rose so fast that cars were destroyed and the boardwalk was left in pieces.
  11. In Malibu, the ground itself gave way. A driveway collapsed into a sinkhole up to thirty feet deep, with waves visible through the hole beneath the house.
  12. The storm stripped about ten feet of sand, exposing a dozen pilings under the house. A broken drainage pipe drifted offshore before lifeguards removed it, and a lifeguard tower was moved a quarter-mile inland. A gas main ruptured, and utilities were shut off. The city declared a local emergency, and the repair is expected to take about five weeks.
  13. The surf is subsiding, but hazards remain. Rip currents and lingering swell are under a beach hazards statement, and a coastal flood advisory covers Orange and San Diego beaches. Small craft advisories are up on some waters. And the next threat isn't surf at all — it's extreme heat.
  14. So how many homes are too dangerous to enter? The honest answer is that officials can't agree. In Dana Point, counts range from seven to nine red-tagged. In Malibu, the number grew from five to thirty-one, but many were evacuated simply because the only access road was blocked. The repair bill isn't priced yet, and the boardwalk is still closed.
  15. And with El Niño developing, more distant-storm swells like this one are expected in the months ahead.

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