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塔斯马尼亚的秘密人工智能负荷：500 MW，无名称，无用水数据

提交的文件列出10个人工智能数据中心项目，潜在意向最高达 1,150 MW——但六个规模最大的新增项目没有名称，大多没有选址，也没有用水数据。

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HeyDex

原语言视频

译自英文原文。

塔斯马尼亚称，希望对其人工智能热潮保持透明，随后提交的文件却没有透露任何名称。六个拟议数据中心只以数字列出——提案方为三至八家——大多数选址未披露，业主未披露，所有用水数据也都留空。⁠12⁠15 文件披露了用电负荷：其中两个未具名项目各自可能消耗高达 300 兆瓦，而该岛电网去年峰值为 1,770 兆瓦。⁠12⁠68 这正是报道核心的矛盾——公共电网被要求承载私人需求激增，却不允许公众了解详情。

1,770 MW塔斯马尼亚2024-25年度系统峰值需求 68
505–705 MW六项保密提案的合计需求 12
最高 1,150 MW十个数据中心项目储备的潜在需求 12

这份文件于9月9日提交，以回应绿党一项于9月2日在下议院通过的透明度动议。⁠12⁠14 文件统计称，目前有十个拟建人工智能数据中心，潜在需求约最高达 1,150 兆瓦。⁠12⁠15 这一数字指的是项目储备中的意向，而非已承诺或已接入电网的负荷，政府也特别强调了这一区别。⁠12 在三个已公布名称的 Firmus Technologies 项目和伯尼一项规模较小的 Viridis 项目之后，是保密项目：六项处于早期阶段的提案，政府不愿将其归于一家或多家公司。⁠12⁠15 Firmus 已确认，这六个项目与其无关。⁠12

六个项目的构成并不均衡，所处阶段也很重要。一项处于可行性研究阶段的项目目前暂停，需要超过 1 兆瓦，地点未披露。⁠12 一项处于可行性研究阶段的项目已在西北部选定优先选址，最高可能需要 300 兆瓦。⁠12 一项处于概念阶段的项目尚未确定选址，最高也可能需要 300 兆瓦。⁠12 另外三项处于概念阶段的项目均未确定选址，各自需要 5 至 50 兆瓦。⁠12 合计需求约为 505 至 705 兆瓦，报道所称至少为 500 兆瓦。⁠12 两项处于可行性研究阶段，意味着已经选定地点；另外四项仍处于概念阶段。⁠12 一条具体线索意外曝光：一项 50 兆瓦的概念阶段项目表示有意选址于塔斯马尼亚北部已关闭的贝尔湾锰冶炼厂。⁠12

用水数据留空

文件对用水情况的说明最为匮乏。六项保密提案的用水量均标为“未确定”。⁠12⁠15 同一张表中列出的已知名项目则形成鲜明对比：Firmus 的贝尔湾选址年用水量为 8,700 千升，韦斯利维尔选址为 448 千升。⁠12 文件没有逐项解释为何缺少这些数据。政府称，相关细节因商业敏感性而未予披露，或因为信息“尚未取得、尚未充分确定、无法可靠估算，或已保密提供给总协调官办公室”。⁠12⁠15 该办公室为项目提案方提供协调支持，帮助其中一些确定选址，并牵线联系能源和公用事业供应商。⁠12

政府正有意让塔斯马尼亚居民蒙在鼓里。

Rosalie Woodruff 13

绿党领袖 Rosalie Woodruff 表示，政府与开发商闭门合作已有数月，甚至数年。⁠13 州长 Jeremy Rockliff 驳斥了他所称的恐吓宣传，表示塔斯马尼亚居民有理由要求更多信息，并认为数据中心正是该州应当吸引的投资类型。⁠12 能源部长 Nick Duigan 重申了政府的规定：新增负荷必须带来新增发电量。⁠12 9月7日，政府发布了不具约束力的《数据中心和人工智能基础设施预期》草案；商业、工业和资源部长 Felix Ellis 表示，没有任何项目会自动获批或得到特殊待遇。⁠65⁠66 绿党称这一框架“简直是个笑话”，独立议员 Helen Burnet 也加入了要求暂停项目的呼声。⁠67⁠56

电网余量有限

风险是现实的，而非理论上的。一座 300 兆瓦的设施约相当于该州系统峰值的 17%，规模大致相当于常被认为用电量约为 335 兆瓦的贝尔湾铝冶炼厂。⁠12⁠68 塔斯马尼亚的可靠供电能力受限。塔斯马尼亚水电公司在30座电站拥有约 2,290 兆瓦的装机容量，但发电量取决于来水量和水库蓄水；风电可提供约 560 至 570 兆瓦的波动性电力；约 372 兆瓦的塔马河谷燃气电站是干旱年份的备用电源；巴斯海峡电缆可输入约 478 兆瓦。⁠76⁠68 2025年期间，干旱迫使该州启动其最大燃气电站，这是该电站五年来首次启用。⁠73 若新增大型负荷没有相匹配的新增可再生能源发电量，将直接冲击电价和供电安全——而这正是框架草案声称要保护的两项内容。⁠65⁠66

要求披露信息的压力来自请愿行动。绿党议员 Cecily Rosol 于9月2日提交请愿，呼吁暂停人工智能数据中心项目，直至社区和环境保障措施到位。⁠53⁠38 绿党称请愿有 10,035 个签名，而议会自己的电子请愿页面记录为 7,204 个；请愿由朗塞斯顿的主要请愿人 Jamie Andrew Melvin 于6月22日至8月10日提交。⁠53⁠54 两个数字之间的差异仍未解决，但无论采用哪个数字，这都是塔斯马尼亚议会历史上签名人数最多的电子请愿之一。⁠53⁠39

近期唯一待作出的决定与这六个项目毫无关系。塔斯马尼亚水电公司将于年底前决定是否满足 Firmus Technologies 另行提出的申请：为其三个拟议选址提供 450 兆瓦电力。⁠22 这些项目分别是正在建设中的圣伦纳兹项目、8月25日经乔治镇议会以6比1表决批准的 288 兆瓦贝尔湾项目，以及9月2日提交的拟议 52 兆瓦韦斯利维尔项目。⁠47⁠48⁠22 六个保密项目处于更早期，情况也更不明朗；其中有几个尚未与发电企业或 TasNetworks 接洽，因此其时间安排乃至最终能否推进都不得而知。⁠12

已知

  • 六项保密的人工智能项目提案如果全部推进，将新增约 505 至 705 MW 的需求。 12
  • 六个项目的用水量均标为未确定，与已列明的 Firmus 项目数据不同。 12
  • 塔斯马尼亚2024-25年度系统峰值为 1,770 MW。 68

未知

  • 六个项目的名称、除一个西北部优先选址和一个对贝尔湾冶炼厂感兴趣的项目之外的确切地点，以及项目时间表，均未披露。
  • 暂停项目请愿的准确签名总数，以及塔斯马尼亚能从中获得多少就业和收入。

后续

  • 塔斯马尼亚水电公司将在年底裁定 Firmus 的 450 MW 申请；任何保密项目负荷是否必须为新增发电量出资。
  • 议会调查是否会在选址最终确定前，将预期草案转化为具有约束力的保障措施。

来源32

在此处引用的来源中，ABC News (Australia)最先发布，比本报道播出早18小时。
  1. ABC News (Australia)
  2. HeyDay News

31家媒体未注明日期：aemo.com.autasgreensmps.orgABC listentas.gov.auPulse Tasmaniahydro.com.au

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来自 32 家媒体的 76 个来源· 引用最多的优先

播出原貌
  1. Two secret AI data centres could each draw 300 megawatts — 17 percent of Tasmania's peak.
  2. The six proposals together could add more than 500 megawatts to a grid already pushed to its limits by drought. The companies behind them are unnamed, their sites mostly unknown, and not one lists a water requirement. So the question is simple: who is behind these proposals, and what does Tasmania actually get back?
  3. The disclosure came in a government document tabled in parliament on September ninth, produced after a Greens transparency motion passed the lower house on September second. The document counts ten AI data centres in the pipeline, with up to roughly eleven fifty megawatts of potential demand — a figure the government calls pipeline interest, not committed load. Six of those are new and confidential. The document lists them as proponents three to eight, after three named Firmus projects and a small Viridis project in Burnie. The government would not say whether they are one company or several.
  4. Of the six, one is on hold, needing just over a megawatt, with no disclosed location. Two are feasibility-stage — one with a preferred site in the northwest, one concept-stage with no site — and both could draw up to three hundred megawatts. The other three are concept-stage, each needing five to fifty megawatts. Combined, though, the six could demand roughly five hundred and five to seven hundred and five megawatts — reported as at least five hundred.
  5. And here's where the secrecy is sharpest: for all six proposals, water use is listed as "not defined." That stands in sharp contrast to the named projects beside them in the same table.
  6. Firmus Technologies is named, with three sites and water figures listed. The six confidential proposals are the opposite: no names, mostly no sites, and for every one of them, water is simply marked "not defined."
  7. The government withheld detail on the grounds of commercial sensitivity, or said some information was "not yet available, not sufficiently settled, not capable of reliable estimation or has been provided to the Office of the Coordinator-General in confidence." That office shepherded proponents, helped some identify sites, and made introductions to energy and utility providers. The Greens argue the confidentiality protects the proponents, not the Tasmanians who will carry the network, water and price costs.
  8. The document itself shows the gap: water is not defined for the confidential six, while Firmus's Bell Bay site carries an annual figure of 8,700 kilolitres and its Wesley Vale site 448 kilolitres.
  9. Now the grid context. Tasmania's peak demand in the 2024-25 year was 1,770 megawatts. A single 300 megawatt facility would be roughly 17 percent of that — about the scale of the Bell Bay aluminium smelter, often cited around 335 megawatts.
  10. Tasmania's firm capacity is constrained. Hydro Tasmania holds about 2,290 megawatts across 30 stations, but output depends on inflows and storages. Wind adds roughly 560 to 570 megawatts of variable power. The Tamar Valley gas plant, about 372 megawatts, is the dry-year backup. And Basslink can import around 478 megawatts. Through 2025, drought forced the state to fire up its largest gas plant for the first time in five years. New large load without matching new renewable generation pushes directly at prices and at power security — the two things the government's own draft framework says it aims to protect.
  11. The conflict over the secrecy became the story's sharpest turn. The government argues the tabled document itself is the transparency, but the Greens see it differently.
  12. Premier Jeremy Rockliff rejected a "scare campaign," said Tasmanians reasonably want more information, and argued data centres are the kind of investment the state should attract. Energy Minister Nick Duigan restated that new load must bring new generation. And on September seventh, the government released non-binding draft "Expectations for Data Centres and AI Infrastructure." Minister Felix Ellis said no project receives automatic approval or special treatment. The Greens branded the framework "an absolute joke." Independent MP Helen Burnet joined the moratorium calls. The moratorium petition itself carries a counting conflict: the Greens say 10,035 signatures, while the parliament's e-petitions page records 7,204, filed by Launceston principal petitioner Jamie Andrew Melvin between June 22 and August 10.
  13. Meanwhile, the most concrete decision is still pending. Hydro Tasmania is to decide by the end of this year on Firmus Technologies' separate request for 450 megawatts across its three proposed sites: St Leonards under construction, a 288-megawatt Bell Bay project approved by George Town Council six-to-one on August twenty-fifth, and a mooted 52-megawatt Wesley Vale project filed September second. Firmus has confirmed it is not behind the six confidential proposals.
  14. Those six are earlier and looser. Several have not yet engaged energy generators or TasNetworks, so their timing and even their fate are unknown. The Greens' ongoing parliamentary inquiry, and the moratorium petition, frame the question hanging over the state: whether Tasmania's renewable surplus will be sold at scale to undisclosed multinationals, behind commercial confidentiality, before any binding guardrail is in place.

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