灾害 · 托莱多化学品泄漏持续报道 · 第 3 篇,共 3 篇
托莱多化学品泄漏已停止。为何仍有64户家庭无法返回
星期四晚间宣布化学品泄漏已停止,但四分之一英里疏散仍将继续,直至储罐的爆炸风险消失。
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持续报道第 3 天
3 篇报道53 家媒体116 个来源1 个视频
完整报道自上次报道以来的变化
44 小时后
据13abc报道,市政府发言人于10月22日星期四晚间宣布,MC Tank Terminal受损储罐中的甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯已停止泄漏。这是有意义的进展,但并不代表完全解除警报。市政府最新的正式通知于美国东部时间星期四晚8:25更新,要求1266 Progress Avenue四分之一英里范围内的居民和企业继续撤离。缩小后的区域以外人员可以返回。110 107 109
在爆炸风险消失之前,疏散措施将继续实施。
决定剩余人员能否返回的依据是这一条件,而不是范围较广的避难令结束,也不只是宣布泄漏已经停止。官员尚未宣布解除疏散的日期。64指的是区域内的家庭户数,而非居民个人或紧急避难所内的人数。107
在我们10月21日的报道中,我们确认了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯,描述了爆炸和一英里疏散,并报道当时没有经过核实的解除警报通知。此后防护命令已发生重大变化。尚未解决的问题是,储罐能否达到安全状态,让最近的家庭返回,以及哪些监测和清理结果将为这一决定提供依据。
终端周边情况的变化
市政府记录了两次连续缩小管制范围。美国东部时间10月21日星期三下午5时,托莱多消防与救援部门解除三英里就地避难令,并将疏散范围从半径一英里缩小至半英里。星期四上午10:30,疏散范围再次缩小至四分之一英里。这些决定取代了我们早先报道中范围更广的限制,但并未确定此前提出的星期三早晨风险重新评估的结果或时间。107
据市长韦德·卡普谢维奇称,紧急事件于10月20日星期二晚上约9:30开始,当时一座化学品储罐发生爆炸。该储罐的标称容量为5,500加仑。这说明它最多能装多少,不代表当晚储罐内的存量,也不代表泄漏到周边社区的数量。这两个数量都尚未确定。2
据《底特律自由报》报道,最初半英里疏散区内约有300名居民。扩大至一英里后,区内人口估计为983人,其他报道也称接近1,000人。这些数字是受命令影响的人口估计,并非经过核实的撤离人数。市长称,官员认为居民到星期三早晨时已离开。3 2
CBS News报道,星期三清晨约有50,000人接到就地避难通知。这个大得多的数字指的是被要求留在室内的人口,并非被疏散的人数,也不能证明这些人接受了有害剂量的化学品。市政府更新后的通知将此前的避难区界定为半径三英里,而不是在疏散区边界之外再增加三英里。1 107
地点和化学品身份也需要明确更正记录。我们10月21日最早的报道错误地将地点说成Sterling Pipe & Tube,并提及未经证实的甲基丙烯酸甲酯说法。后续报道更正为MC Tank,并确认化学品为甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯。这是两种不同的化学品。目前市政府、卫生部门和联邦事故指引均使用1266 Progress Avenue;此前警报则使用1050 Progress Avenue,却未解释这一差异。目前的参考地址已经明确,但早先地址不一致的问题仍未得到解释。2 4 107 108 109
关于原因的说法,而非最终调查结果
关于泄漏原因的解释已有进展,不再停留于市长星期三早晨所说的原因不明。CBS News星期四报道,州官员将泄漏归因于化学品转移过程中的失误。这一较晚公布的说法取代了此前没有解释的状况,但并非已完成的调查记录。2 1
这一说法并未明确说明具体将什么物质转入了哪台设备、是否涉及其他材料、哪些防护措施失效,或由谁承担责任。它也没有回答有多少化学品泄漏、储罐中还剩多少。转移失误是调查人员可以检验的一种解释,不应成为未公开细节的简略代称。
市长此前警告称,事故发生后12小时内储罐仍可能有爆炸危险;这从来不是保证届时可以返回的时间。应急人员最初在官员评估危险时一直没有靠近。疏散仍在持续,说明了一个实际问题:仅仅经过一段时间,并不能证明受损化学品储罐已解除危险。2 107
联邦环境应急人员一直在监测空气质量。但本次更新可获得的证据并未提供针对这起事故的具体数值浓度、采样地点、暴露时长或比较阈值。允许缩小后区域以外的人员返回,是一项明确的官方决定;但这本身并未向读者展示作出该决定所依据的测量结果。宣布泄漏已停止,也不能确定停止的具体时间、清理工作是否完成,或是否不存在残留污染。108 110
医院接诊人数意味着什么
WTOL报道,医院评估并治疗了57名可能出现与泄漏有关症状的患者,高于此前约30人的估计。截至该报道更新时,没有人病情严重。这个数字并非已确认的住院总人数,也不能证明化学品导致了每名患者的症状。此前的估计已被取代,不应作为另一批患者另行相加。112
市长称,一名卢卡斯县警员在应对事故时受伤,并自行开车前往医院。后来提及的一名受伤应急人员,指的就是这名已报道受伤的警员,并不表明另有第二名应急人员受伤。此处尚未确认该警员最终的健康状况及处置情况。2 1
市政府称,甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯是一种刺激物,可能造成眼睛、鼻子、口腔和皮肤灼痛。对于轻微的眼、鼻、喉或皮肤刺激,市政府建议淋浴或冲洗受影响部位,并联系医疗专业人员。如出现呼吸困难、恶心和呕吐、头晕或意识模糊,应前往急诊室或拨打911。这些是针对可能接触该物质者的指引,并非对57名患者的诊断。107
返家仍需采取预防措施
获准返回的居民已被建议为住宅通风、清洗表面和双手,并留意是否出现刺激症状。但如果闻到异常化学气味,则应采取不同应对措施:市政府建议疏散区以外人员留在室内、关好门窗,并关闭会将室外空气吸入室内的通风设备。这些指引针对的是不同情况。气味无法确定暴露程度,出现雾或霾也无法识别泄漏物。1 107
市政府还转达建议,丢弃此前位于三英里就地避难区内、曾暴露在户外的农产品或作物,并表示将按照卫生指引清洁该区域内的游乐场。这些是预防措施,并不能证明每种作物或每个表面都测得了危险浓度。市政府称自来水水源未受污染;这一保证并未回答有关室外空气和表面的其他问题。107
播出原貌 26 行
- A damaged chemical tank still keeps 64 households from returning home. The broader shelter order has ended. A city spokesperson announced Thursday night that the chemical had stopped escaping, but officials still consider the quarter-mile evacuation zone unsafe to occupy.
- On October 21, we reported a one-mile evacuation and no all-clear. Officials have since narrowed those restrictions. What has to happen before the remaining households can go home?
- The remaining evacuation covers a quarter-mile radius around MC Tank Terminal at 1266 Progress Avenue. Residents and businesses outside that zone may return. Anyone living or working inside must remain evacuated.
- Our earliest October 21 coverage incorrectly named Sterling Pipe & Tube. Subsequent coverage corrected the site to MC Tank and identified glycidyl methacrylate. That replaces the earlier unconfirmed suggestion of methyl acrylate. They're different chemicals. Current city, health-department and federal incident guidance uses 1266 Progress Avenue. Earlier alerts used 1050 Progress Avenue, without explaining the discrepancy.
- About 50,000 people were told to shelter early Wednesday. That three-mile shelter radius surrounded the terminal. By Wednesday afternoon, officials lifted sheltering and cut evacuation to half a mile. Thursday morning, they reduced evacuation again, to a quarter mile.
- The initial half-mile evacuation area contained about 300 residents. The expanded one-mile area contained an estimated 983, also described as nearly 1,000. Those estimates describe the population covered by the orders. The mayor said officials believed residents had left by Wednesday morning. The 50,000 figure describes people instructed to shelter, rather than a tally of chemical exposures.
- Mayor Wade Kapszukiewicz said the tank exploded at about 9:30 Tuesday night, October 20. It released glycidyl methacrylate into the air. The tank had a capacity of 5,500 gallons. Officials haven't said how much chemical escaped.
- That capacity tells us how much the tank could hold. It doesn't give the inventory at the time of the explosion. Glycidyl methacrylate is an industrial material used in certain plastics, paints and coatings. MC Tank Transport acknowledged that equipment associated with its operations was involved.
- State officials now blame an error during chemical transfer for the leak. On Wednesday morning, the mayor had said officials didn't know the cause. Investigators still have to explain exactly what went wrong and who was responsible.
- MC Tank said it was working with emergency authorities and mobilizing specialized response resources. It also said it was committed to assisting affected people. The earlier explosion concern kept responders away while officials assessed the tank. The mayor's warning about danger during the first 12 hours never gave residents a guaranteed return time.
- Hospitals evaluated and treated 57 patients for symptoms potentially related to the release, up from an earlier estimate of about 30. None was in serious condition at the time of that hospital update. The total includes evaluation and treatment.
- A Lucas County sheriff's deputy was also injured while responding and drove himself to a hospital. Later references to one injured first responder describe that same injury. Glycidyl methacrylate can irritate the eyes, nose, mouth and skin. Possible overexposure symptoms include headache, dizziness, tiredness, nausea and vomiting.
- For mild eye, nose, throat or skin irritation, the city advises showering or rinsing the affected area and contacting a medical professional. Difficulty breathing, nausea and vomiting, dizziness or confusion warrant an emergency-room visit or a 911 call.
- Those are warnings for possible exposure. The hospital count doesn't show that every patient suffered a chemically caused injury, or that all 57 were admitted. Federal environmental responders continue to monitor air quality as authorities assess conditions around the terminal.
- Residents authorized to return should ventilate their homes, wash surfaces and hands, and watch for irritation. The health department has issued return-home guidance and is developing separate instructions for food businesses to resume safely.
- But an unusual chemical odor calls for a different response. Outside the evacuation area, the city advises staying indoors, closing windows and doors, and turning off ventilation that draws in outdoor air. Smell alone can't tell you the exposure level. Looking at haze or fog can't tell you whether you're seeing the chemical release.
- Residents and businesses have also been advised to dispose of produce or crops that were outdoors within the former three-mile shelter zone. The city plans to clean playgrounds in that area following health guidance. These are precautionary cleanup measures.
- The city says the tap-water source wasn't contaminated. Water treatment takes place indoors, and pressurized lines carry it to customers. That assurance applies to tap water. Outdoor air and surfaces still require their own precautions.
- Michigan communities also faced restrictions. Bedford Township and Erie Township were told to shelter Wednesday. Bedford Public School District and Mason Consolidated Schools closed. Other schools and community facilities closed or delayed operations during the emergency.
- Raintree Village mobile home park and Alexis Addition were among the communities affected by the earlier evacuation. Some residents stayed with relatives or in cars. Residents of Raintree Village began returning as restrictions narrowed. MC Tank hasn't announced a specific compensation or lodging arrangement.
- Shoreland Elementary School served as the temporary emergency shelter. The city closed it Wednesday night because evacuees had found other accommodations. Some households still lacked permission to return home even though they had somewhere else to stay.
- Anyone still needing shelter can call 1-800-RED-CROSS or 211 for resources. The health department also has an informational hotline and a separate number for health-related guidance. Emergency symptoms should go to emergency services.
- City services returned to normal Thursday after Wednesday's disruption and remote-working arrangements. Normal trash collection resumed. Residents whose pickup was missed Wednesday will have it collected on their next regularly scheduled collection day.
- The interstate remained open while roads around the evacuation area were closed. Drivers passing through were advised to close their windows and recirculate cabin air. Boaters must also follow the protective zones because exposure can occur through air over waterways.
- The announcement that the tank had stopped releasing chemical brings progress, but the next return decision still depends on the tank's explosion risk. The air-monitoring and cleanup findings supporting that decision aren't yet clear. Officials haven't announced a date for lifting the remaining evacuation.
- The city's latest notice keeps the quarter-mile area evacuated until the explosion risk has passed. That restriction still covers 64 households, even with the broader shelter order lifted and the chemical release announced to have stopped.
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