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体育 · 赛马马匹死亡

维多利亚州赛马马匹死亡争议需要的是姓名,而不仅仅是数字

活动人士称,维多利亚州有48匹马死于赛马相关原因;监管机构则称有22起赛马致死事故。没有逐匹马共同核对的记录,公众就无法充分查明两者的差异。

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Ohope Wins 在考菲尔德杯摔倒后被实施安乐死。此后,维多利亚州赛马活动中又有两匹马死亡:一匹两岁雌马在巴拉瑞特赛道上倒地,一匹六岁阉马在亚历山德拉受伤后被实施安乐死。对于出资支持这一行业的公众来说,这些死亡留下了一个基本问题:赛马业能否提供一份人们确实可以核查的损失记录?1

一份新的年度统计让这个问题更加突出,却没有给出定论。赛马保护联盟(CPR)称,2025年8月至2026年7月期间,维多利亚州有48匹马死于赛马业相关原因。该州纯种马赛事监管机构维多利亚赛马局称,赛马致死事故有22起,并称联盟的数据“具有误导性,甚至可能是蓄意误导”。两种说法均由澳大利亚广播公司(ABC)于10月27日报道。1

差异并非只是有26匹马等待算术上的更正。两个机构按照不同的统计界限计算死亡人数,而且没有逐匹核对的记录说明两方的统计究竟在哪里出现分歧。CPR向ABC提供了维多利亚州马匹名单。维多利亚赛马局则表示,无法向ABC提供马匹姓名名单。1

关键事实

  1. 48CPR统计的维多利亚州赛马相关死亡数 1
  2. 22维多利亚赛马局报告的赛马致死事故数 1

死亡登记册应以何处为界?

维多利亚赛马局的异议值得认真对待,而不应被轻易驳回。该局的书面回应称,CPR的名单包括死于绞痛和马场围场事故的马匹、在一起道路事故中死亡的3匹马,以及最后一次参赛距今已有10年、12年和17年的马匹。回应还指出,有一匹马在疑似遭魟鱼袭击后因并发症死亡。这些都是值得认真考虑的理由,因为它们引出了一个问题:赛马业死亡统计究竟要衡量什么。1

但列举个案并不等于完成核对。这些例子没有说明监管机构统计的22匹马具体是哪些、其余每匹马如何分类,也没有说明所有被排除的死亡都与赛马无关。马匹在赛场之外死亡,仍有可能是因为在赛场上受伤。仅凭死亡地点无法回答动物福利问题。

CPR总经理Helle Erhardson明确表示,她的组织报告并非只统计赛道上的死亡。“我们并不是说这些都是赛道上的死亡,而是说这些是我们知道与赛马有关的死亡,”她告诉ABC。她的解释包括15匹在赛马受伤后的几天内死亡的马,以及9匹因饥饿死亡的马。1

这些分项数字无法解决维多利亚州统计差异的问题。ABC的报道并未明确说明它们是否仅指维多利亚州,且这些数字是否与监管机构的总数重叠也需要核查。把它们加到22上,只会人为拼凑出一个核对结果,而非真正确认差异来源。本报道并未独立审查2026年原始报告及一份口径一致的登记册。

有些合理的区别需要保留:赛马中即时发生的死亡、赛马受伤后延迟实施安乐死,以及长期退役马匹的死亡,并非可以互换的事件。一份实用的登记册可以保留这些区别,同时让读者看到完整记录。人们不必在“所有死亡一律计数”和“让部分死亡不为人所知”之间二选一。

死亡数量不等于风险

《死亡观察报告2026》显示,维多利亚州的记录死亡数首次高于其他所有州。此前12份报告中,新南威尔士州的死亡数最多,而该州每年举办的赛事比维多利亚州多约1,000场。但这一历史情况并不能说明对单匹马而言,哪个州的风险最高。1

要进行这种比较,统计定义必须一致,参赛马匹数量或出赛次数等暴露指标也必须相同。规模更大的赛事计划可能造成更多死亡,但致死率未必更高;更广泛的报告系统可能记录更多死亡,却不能证明实际安全状况更差。称维多利亚州是“死亡率最高”的州,超出了这些原始总数所能支持的结论。

在全国范围内,CPR称,2025–26赛季至少有160匹马死于赛马业相关原因,其中前肢受伤致死的超过50匹。目前尚无维多利亚州这类伤亡的分项总数。Erhardson称,这个最低数字反映了该组织能够核实的死亡情况;公众很难审查私人地产上的试跑和训练活动。这个数字并非对未被统计的额外死亡人数所作的统计估算。1

CPR还称,其统计中的马匹近70%在两岁时就开始参赛或试跑;该组织随后表示,这些马很可能尚未达到完全的骨骼成熟。这描述的是它们的经历,并不能证明两岁开始参赛导致了它们死亡。1

维多利亚赛马局提出了另一项安全指标:据称过去十年的安全记录为99.95%,同时每年纯种马参赛马匹平均超过40,000匹。ABC的报道没有提供这一百分比的计算依据,也没有说明它是否适用于CPR更广泛的死亡类别。此外,参赛次数并不一定代表不同马匹的数量。这个百分比无法解决哪些死亡应纳入登记册的争议。1

春季发生的死亡是另外的统计

今年春季引发关注的死亡发生在年度报告7月的统计截止日期之后。Erhardson称,巴拉瑞特和亚历山德拉的马匹属于此前九周内维多利亚州12起赛马马匹死亡事件。CPR在10月20日的声明中统计的是八周内10匹因赛马相关伤害死亡的马匹。后来的说法涵盖的是更晚、时间更长的区间,并非对同一时间段给出了相互矛盾的总数。这两个数字都不应加到2025年8月至2026年7月的统计中,也不应视为其中一部分。1 15

现有报道尚未确定近期这12起死亡事件中所有马匹的身份、死亡日期及具体情况。Ohope Wins之死受到格外关注,是因为考菲尔德杯知名度高,而不是因为她是维多利亚州赛马活动中唯一死亡的马匹。这正是Erhardson论点的要旨,尽管更广泛的统计总数仍有争议。

赛马场监管人员认定参加考菲尔德杯摔马事故的骑师均无过错,并将对Ohope Wins实施安乐死的原因描述为“严重的赛马伤害”。网上的比赛回放已被剪辑,删除了Ohope Wins和Half Yours摔倒的画面。Erhardson称,维多利亚州几乎所有马匹死亡事件都使用了同一种未具体说明的伤情描述,并对更广泛地删除事故录像提出批评。这项范围更广的指控,与此次比赛回放确实被剪辑这一事实是两回事。1

公共资金让问题更加重要

四年来,维多利亚州纳税人通过赛马业基金提供了A$72 million。工党承诺,如果11月再次当选,将把这一数额提高到A$80 million——这是有条件的承诺,并非已经支出的款项。一名政府发言人告诉ABC,政府正与维多利亚赛马局合作,确保该行业“继续达到最高的动物福利标准”。1

维多利亚赛马局称,赛马业每年创造A$5.5 billion的经济活动,并支撑近34,000个全职当量岗位。这些是监管机构的估算,并非本报道中经过独立审计的结论;全职当量衡量的是工作量,而非个别从业者人数。该监管机构还指责CPR等组织试图关闭赛马业,使维多利亚州居民失去工作和合法的社交活动。1

就业和娱乐是讨论赛马业未来时的正当议题,但它们并不能决定某一匹马的死亡是否应归因于赛马业。同样,反对赛马也不意味着活动人士名单上的每起死亡都能被证明确实与赛马有关。两种立场都需要经得起审查的记录。

CPR的“Nup to the Cup”运动将在春季赛马嘉年华期间持续开展,包括接下来一周举行的墨尔本杯。Erhardson希望赛马机构自行公布死亡记录。眼下的检验范围比“赛马业是否应该继续存在”的争论更窄:维多利亚赛马局会否公布姓名和分类信息,以便核查其统计与联盟的数据是否一致?在此之前,公众看到的是两个总数,却没有一份共同记录来解释差异。1

播出原貌 21 行
  1. Ohope Wins was euthanised after falling in the Caulfield Cup. Her death brings fresh scrutiny to how racing counts its losses, while Victorian taxpayers spend millions supporting the industry.
  2. Which horses belong in the death toll, and will the regulator release the names needed to check it?
  3. The Coalition for the Protection of Racehorses counts 48 Victorian deaths linked to racing between August 2025 and July 2026. Racing Victoria, which regulates thoroughbred racing in the state, says there were 22 racing fatalities. It calls the larger tally “misleading, if not mischievous”.
  4. The coalition's DeathWatch Report 2026 puts Victoria above every other state for the first time. But calling a state the deadliest can suggest more than these figures show. A death count alone doesn't tell an owner how likely an individual horse is to die.
  5. New South Wales recorded the most deaths in the previous 12 DeathWatch reports. It runs about 1,000 more races each year than Victoria. Comparing the states' fatality rates would require matching what each count includes and how many horses or starts it covers.
  6. The national figures describe a broader welfare problem. The coalition includes deaths it links to the industry even when a horse dies away from a racecourse.
  7. The coalition attributes at least 160 deaths nationally to the racing industry in the 2025–26 season. It attributes more than 50 to front-limb injuries. General manager Helle Erhardson says the minimum reflects deaths the group could confirm, with others difficult to track.
  8. Erhardson says the public can't see what happens during trials and training on private properties. The coalition also says nearly 70 per cent of the horses began racing or trialling at two. It argues they were probably still growing. That history alone doesn't show that starting young caused their deaths.
  9. Racing Victoria points to horses that died from colic and paddock accidents. It also identifies three killed in a road accident, horses whose last races were 10, 12 and 17 years earlier, and one that died after a suspected stingray attack.
  10. Those examples explain its objection to the coalition's wider definition. Racing Victoria hasn't shown how every horse was classified against its own total. A death away from the track can still follow a racing injury, which is why the coalition argues for a wider register.
  11. Erhardson says the coalition includes 15 horses that died in the days after racing injuries, and nine that died from starvation. She says those horses deserve recognition too. Those subtotals weren't clearly identified as Victorian-only, so they can't explain the difference between 48 and 22.
  12. Any overlap would also need checking before those figures could be combined. The coalition supplied its Victorian horse list and asked Racing Victoria for equivalent transparency. Racing Victoria said it couldn't supply a list of horse names.
  13. Two more Victorian horses died after Ohope Wins. A two-year-old filly collapsed and died on track at Ballarat. A six-year-old gelding was euthanised after an injury in Alexandra. Erhardson places them among 12 Victorian racehorse deaths over the preceding nine weeks.
  14. An October 20 coalition statement had counted 10 deaths from racing injuries over eight weeks. The later figure covers a later, longer window. These spring deaths also come after the annual tally closed in July, so they must be kept separate from that season's figures.
  15. Stewards cleared the jockeys involved in the Caulfield Cup fall. They described Ohope Wins's reason for euthanasia as a “serious racing injury”. The online race replay has been edited to remove the fall involving Ohope Wins and Half Yours.
  16. Erhardson says a high-profile race brought attention to deaths that happen throughout racing. She also says nearly all Victorian deaths receive that same unspecified injury description in stewards' reports, and criticises the removal of incident footage. Her wider criticism goes beyond the confirmed edit to this replay.
  17. Racing Victoria says it has maintained a 99.95 per cent safety record over the past decade. It says Victoria averages more than 40,000 thoroughbred starters annually. It hasn't explained the calculation or how that percentage fits the coalition's broader death categories.
  18. Starters also don't necessarily represent distinct horses. Racing Victoria says the industry generates 5.5 billion Australian dollars a year in economic activity and supports nearly 34,000 full-time-equivalent jobs. Those are the regulator's estimates. Full-time equivalents measure the amount of work, rather than the number of individual workers.
  19. The Victorian government has spent 72 million Australian dollars through its Racing Industry Fund over four years. Labor promises to increase that figure to 80 million if re-elected in November. A government spokesperson says it's working with Racing Victoria to maintain the highest animal-welfare standards.
  20. Racing Victoria accuses groups such as the coalition of trying to shut racing down, threatening jobs and a lawful social activity. The coalition's Nup to the Cup campaign continues through the Spring Racing Carnival, including the following week's Melbourne Cup.
  21. Erhardson wants racing bodies to publish death records themselves. The public still has two competing totals without a shared horse-by-horse register explaining where they agree or differ. Racing Victoria says it can't supply the names needed to make that comparison.

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