政治 · 地拉那抗议

阿尔巴尼亚抗议进入第六天，教育费用问题仍无协议

学生返回地拉那教育部外时，警方使用了高压水枪和催泪瓦斯。7名警员已被停职，学生仍在等待具体的教育费用减负措施。

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  1. 第 1 次更新阿尔巴尼亚抗议进入第六天，教育费用问题仍无协议当前位置

阿尔巴尼亚正在调查有关当局应对学生抗议时使用过度武力并虐待抗议者的指控，已有7名警察被停职。这些停职是追究责任的具体一步，但尚不等于认定存在不当行为——街头对峙仍在继续。98

10月18日星期日中午前后，数百人聚集在地拉那教育部外，要求总理埃迪·拉马辞职。最新一轮示威连续进入第六天后，警方使用了高压水枪和催泪瓦斯。“数百人”指的是这场集会，并非首都所有示威者的总人数。127

拉马再次拒绝下台。在政府坚称将继续执政、抗议者要求政府离任之际，最初的教育诉求仍未有已公布的解决方案：尚未确定学费具体下调金额、经济援助方案或有明确日期的谈判安排。拉马提出了讨论，但没有给出经核算的解决方案。76 7

警方最近一次较完整的统计仍截至10月17日星期六，并未更新纳入星期日再度发生的动荡。38

关键事实

  1. 167截至星期六的五日逮捕人数 3898
  2. 132星期六警方新闻发布会公布的警员受伤人数 38100
  3. 7在纪律调查期间被停职的警员 98

执政授权不等于问题已解决

学生要求改善大学条件、降低学费及其他学习成本、增加经济支持，并改善就业前景。腐败指控以及对警方行为的不满，使他们的诉求扩大为对拉马政府的挑战。这场运动中包括和平示威者，不能仅凭那些袭击警察和建筑物的蒙面人员来定义。4 1

拉马的回应以选举合法性为依据。他在10月15日书面回复路透社时说：“至于要求我辞职的呼声，政府由民主选举更替。我们去年举行了选举，不是革命。”他还表示愿意讨论教育成本。7

他的社会党在2025年5月的选举中赢得议会140个席位中的83席，下一次定期议会选举定于2029年举行。这一结果为他关于自己拥有执政授权的论点提供了依据。但这本身并不能回答学生提出的问题：学习要花多少钱，毕业后又有什么工作机会。62 67

星期日，拉马称这场动荡威胁的是阿尔巴尼亚加入欧盟的进程，而非其政府的存续。阿尔巴尼亚力争最早于2028年加入欧盟，但这仍是国家目标，并非双方商定的入盟日期。76 3

他还指责反对派介入，并声称存在外国干预，同时敦促抗议者避免暴力。这些指控并不能证明具体袭击由谁组织，更无法解决引发抗议的教育诉求。77 7

事发时间线

10月的局势升级在教育诉求与直接对抗国家之间不断变化。10月14日星期三，数千人聚集在教育部外。当日发生的火灾和袭击波及政府大楼、银行及其他财产。到星期四，示威已蔓延至多个城市。这些火灾发生在星期三的局势升级期间，并非有关星期日的新近确认情况。4 14 3

星期六是对峙的第五天。BBC报道称，戴面罩的抗议者向守卫教育部的警察投掷石块和汽油弹，下午抗议焦点转向拉马的办公室。警方使用了高压水枪，并多次发射催泪瓦斯。其他报道提到烟花、燃烧的路障和震撼弹。1 5

BBC最初称橡皮子弹的使用尚未得到独立证实；随后，国家警察总长斯肯德·希塔承认警方使用了橡皮子弹。他称星期六的部署是“有限度的”，并为相关装备辩护，称其经过认证且获准使用。这一承认证实了橡皮子弹被使用，但没有说明发射了多少发，也不能证明每一次使用都合法且合乎比例。星期日是否再次使用橡皮子弹尚未得到证实。1 9 129 127

星期六还部署了特别REN​​EA警察部队，此前有人报警称抗议者中有持枪人员。警方星期日公布了这一解释，但所描述的是前一天的部署。有关抗议者持枪的说法仍只是一项指控，并不能证明所报告的威胁确实存在。107

在对警员涉嫌越权、未遵守比例原则以及虐待抗议者等指控展开调查期间，7名警员被停职。对这一举措不应轻视，也不应夸大：警员已被暂停执勤，调查人员正在审查其行为，但最终纪律处分结果尚不明朗。希塔对警方装备的笼统辩护，无法决定这些个案的结果。98 102 101

数字难以准确相加

在星期六的新闻发布会上，希塔还宣布，另有388人面临刑事诉讼。相关措辞将这些人描述为被捕人员之外的其他人，但没有基础案件清单或统计方法能够核实各类别中不重复人数的总数。BBC另行报道称，有80人被控扰乱秩序。逮捕、拘留、诉讼和正式起诉属于不同的法律阶段；把这些数字相加可能会导致重复计算。98 1

星期三较早公布的逮捕人数尤其需要谨慎看待。《卫报》10月15日的报道说有65人被捕。Euronews Albania和Faxweb对警方公告的更具体报道则称，正式逮捕55人，其中包括2名未成年人，另有98人被立案调查。RTSH另称65人被警方拘留——这与正式逮捕是不同类别。这一区别或许可以解释此前的说法，但各方报道尚未完全厘清。警方公告中有依据的正式逮捕人数为55人，这一数字也包含在之后公布的五日统计所覆盖的时段内。3 117 122 118

人员伤亡情况则更不完整。目前没有已确认的抗议者累计受伤人数，无法与警方公布的警员受伤人数相比较。阿尔巴尼亚电讯社报道，卫生部10月15日发布的更新称，星期三抗议后有89人接受治疗，数据来自两家医院。当日上午，创伤医院仍有6人住院。接受治疗的人数并不自动等同于完整的受伤人数统计。116

最初公布的警员受伤数字也不一致。Euronews Albania在10月15日对警方公告的报道给出的数字是51人；《卫报》的一条图片说明写的是61人；ATA则报道希塔称有71人。各方采用的定义和统计截止时间尚未厘清。这些数字不能被视为一组连贯的递增数据，也不能从89名医院患者中扣除，以推算抗议者受伤人数。117 3 120

对峙背后更长期的运动

六天的统计指的是最新一轮示威，而非整个运动的历史。示威可追溯至6月初。反对在阿尔巴尼亚南部海岸修建一座由贾里德·库什纳（唐纳德·特朗普的女婿）支持的豪华度假村项目，推动了这场持续更久的运动。该项目面临法律挑战。这场有时被称为“火烈鸟革命”的运动，将环境关切与腐败、受保护土地及战略投资等议题联系起来。但这段背景并不意味着所有学生都对度假村持有完全相同的诉求。1 3 13

另一起腐败调查也加大了围绕拉马政府的压力。商人埃尔吉斯·阿加西于8月底被捕；前情报部门负责人弗洛拉·赫塞尼则于9月因涉嫌与阿加西有关联而被软禁并停职。阿加西否认有不当行为，拉马则否认知晓非法交易。这起案件是并行的政治背景，并非学生冲突已被证实的原因。48 51 1

欧盟委员会10月18日的声明谈及这场眼前危机的双方。声明谴责暴力，包括纵火和袭击机构，同时强调应对措施必须合法且合乎比例。声明重申集会与言论自由，并对当局承诺保护抗议权利表示欢迎。75

播出原貌 27 行
  1. Police have arrested 167 people during five days of student-led unrest.
  2. The demonstrations have now reached a sixth day, and seven officers have been suspended amid excessive-force investigations. Students demanding cheaper education are confronting a prime minister who refuses to resign.
  3. They're still waiting to learn what Edi Rama will offer beyond a discussion of education costs.
  4. Hundreds gathered outside the Education Ministry around midday Sunday, October eighteenth, chanting for Rama to leave. Police later used water cannon and tear gas. That crowd description covers the gathering at the ministry, rather than everyone demonstrating across the capital.
  5. Students want better university conditions, lower tuition and other education costs, more financial support and better job prospects. Their demands have widened into a challenge to Rama's government amid corruption allegations. The people seeking those changes include peaceful demonstrators as well as people involved in clashes.
  6. Thousands gathered outside the ministry on Wednesday, October fourteenth. By Thursday, demonstrations had spread to multiple cities. Students' complaints about the price of studying now sit alongside demands for the prime minister's resignation and anger over how police have handled the protests.
  7. Wednesday's escalation included attacks and fires at government buildings, banks and other property. Saturday brought a fifth day of confrontation. Sunday extended the wave to six days. The fires and attacks from Wednesday belong to that earlier escalation.
  8. Masked protesters threw rocks and petrol bombs at police defending the Education Ministry on Saturday. During the afternoon, confrontations shifted toward Rama's office. Police used water cannon and volleys of tear gas. Fireworks, burning barricades and stun grenades also marked that day's clashes.
  9. Police chief Skënder Hita acknowledged that officers used rubber bullets during Saturday's confrontations. He described their use as limited and defended the equipment as certified and permitted. Sunday's confirmed police response included water cannon and tear gas; fresh rubber-bullet use hasn't been confirmed.
  10. Special RENEA police forces also deployed on Saturday after a call alleging armed people among protesters. Police published that explanation on Sunday. The allegation about armed protesters remains an allegation. Hita's defense of police equipment also leaves each use of force subject to scrutiny.
  11. Hita put the five-day arrest total at 167 during his Saturday briefing. He also announced 388 other people facing criminal proceedings. Those figures stop on October seventeenth, before Sunday's renewed gathering.
  12. Arrest, detention, criminal proceedings and a formal charge describe different legal stages. Eighty people were separately reported charged with disorder by Saturday. That figure hasn't been reconciled with the police totals, so adding the categories would risk counting the same people more than once.
  13. Seven officers were suspended while investigators examine allegations of exceeding authority, failing to use proportionate force and mistreating protesters. The suspensions are concrete disciplinary steps. Investigators still have to determine what happened and whether the officers committed misconduct.
  14. Wednesday's formal arrest count needs a correction. Police announced 55 arrests, including two minors, and criminal proceedings involving 98 others. Some early descriptions put arrests at 65. A separate figure of 65 people taken into police custody may help explain the difference, but the counts haven't been fully reconciled.
  15. Those Wednesday figures belong within the period covered by the later five-day tally. They shouldn't be added as another group of arrests. People taken into custody can pass through different legal stages, and the eventual outcomes of these cases are still unknown.
  16. Hita also said 132 police officers had been injured over five days. There isn't a comparable cumulative count of injured protesters. Seven protesters reportedly sought treatment at one hospital early in the unrest, but that narrow snapshot captures only part of the human toll.
  17. The Health Ministry said 89 people received treatment after Wednesday's protest, drawing on information from two hospitals. Six remained hospitalized at the Trauma Hospital on Thursday morning. Treatment figures describe people receiving care and can't automatically be treated as a complete injury count.
  18. Earlier officer-injury figures ranged from 51 to 61 to 71. Their definitions and reporting cutoffs haven't been reconciled. They can't be used as a clean sequence, or subtracted from the hospital's 89 patients to calculate how many protesters were injured.
  19. The latest six-day wave sits within a longer movement, with demonstrations stretching back to early June. Opposition to a proposed luxury resort on Albania's southern coast helped build that campaign. The project is backed by Jared Kushner, Donald Trump's son-in-law, and has faced legal challenges.
  20. The wider campaign, sometimes called the Flamingo Revolution, connects environmental concerns with arguments about corruption, protected land and strategic investment. The October student escalation adds education grievances to that background. Students haven't all adopted an identical set of demands about the resort.
  21. A separate corruption investigation has added pressure around Rama's administration. Businessman Ergys Agasi was arrested in late August. Former intelligence chief Vlora Hyseni was placed under house arrest and suspended in September over allegations connected to Agasi. Agasi denies wrongdoing, and Rama denies knowing about illegal transactions.
  22. That investigation runs alongside the student protests. The immediate confrontation remains over education, government accountability and Rama's future. Rama has blamed opposition involvement and alleged foreign interference, while urging protesters to avoid violence. Those accusations don't identify who organized particular attacks.
  23. Rama has repeatedly refused to resign. His Socialist Party won 83 of parliament's 140 seats in the May 2025 election. The next regular parliamentary election is due in 2029, giving him an electoral mandate he invokes against the demands on the streets.
  24. On Sunday, Rama again rejected resignation and argued that the unrest threatened Albania's progress toward European Union membership rather than his government's survival. Albania wants to enter the EU as early as 2028. That remains the country's target, with accession still to be agreed.
  25. The European Commission condemned violence, including arson and attacks on institutions, on Sunday. It also insisted on a lawful, proportionate response and affirmed freedom of assembly and expression. It welcomed the authorities' commitment to protect the right to protest.
  26. The earlier EU delegation appeal also urged restraint and de-escalation. Protecting people and buildings from attack leaves police responsible for protecting peaceful assembly too. The seven officer suspensions put some allegations of excessive force under investigation, with final disciplinary outcomes still pending.
  27. Rama offered to discuss education costs in his October fifteenth responses. He hasn't announced a quantified tuition reduction or financial-support package. Students still have no announced education-cost settlement or date for negotiations.

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