司法 · 幼儿园铅中毒
中国幼儿园经营者因给儿童提供有毒食品被判无期徒刑
一审判决处罚了天水铅污染餐食案中的6名被告。儿童的长期健康、赔偿以及另行进行的监督问责程序仍未有定论。
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新闻追踪第 2 天
1 篇报道38 家媒体60 个来源
2024年初,一项让幼儿园餐食看起来更鲜艳的决定,如今导致一人被判终身监禁。2026年10月16日,兰州市中级人民法院判定中国天水禾师培心幼儿园经营者李惠芳及另外五人犯生产、销售有毒、有害食品罪。一审判决认定了这起涉及200多名儿童的中毒案件中的刑事责任;但孩子们需要怎样的照护和赔偿,仍未有定论。31 36
法院认定,李惠芳和执行园长朱静林指使或安排厨房工作人员在甘肃省天水市麦积区的幼儿园餐食中添加有毒的非食品原料,供儿童和员工食用。法院称情节特别严重。这是对故意非法生产食品的认定,并非厨房里一场原因不明的意外。36
李惠芳被判处无期徒刑、终身剥夺政治权利,并没收个人财产500,000元。朱静林被判处有期徒刑15年,并处罚金300,000元。4名厨房工作人员——牛爱媛、文亚芳、何旭霞和安春玲——分别被判处6年至8年不等的刑期,并处罚金。新华社转载的法院通报没有列明每名工作人员各自的刑期或罚金数额。36
必须准确理解这些经济处罚:没收李惠芳的财产并非罚款,而这项没收和对朱静林的罚款,都不是有记录证明支付给家庭的赔偿款。通报还指出,该判决是一审判决;是否有被告提起上诉,尚无定论。36
颜色如何进入厨房
2025年7月公布的省级调查将这一决定追溯到幼儿园招揽生源的努力。朱静林希望食物看起来更诱人,李惠芳表示同意,随后一名厨师受命购买颜料。餐食的照片和视频被用于宣传。这一招揽生源的动机来自早前的调查,而不是判刑通报中对宣传活动的详细说明。31
何旭霞于2024年4月23日和2025年2月20日两次网购黄色、红色和绿色颜料。包装上明确注明不可食用。尽管如此,牛爱媛和文亚芳仍将颜料混入面粉,制作玉米肠卷和三色红枣蒸糕。从2024年5月至事件发生前,这些食品平均每月供应给儿童和员工6次。这一频率无法确定任何特定儿童吃过多少份。13
关键事实
食品检测结果让污染情况具体呈现出来。一份留存的早餐蒸糕样品含铅1,052毫克/千克;一份留存的晚餐肠卷含铅1,340毫克/千克。国家适用限值为不超过每千克0.5毫克。这些是食品中的浓度,不是血液检测值,也不是对某个儿童摄入剂量的测量。27 26
调查人员还检查了其他可能的来源。幼儿园抽检的93批样品中,包括19批留样餐食和36批原料。除上述两种食品外,留样餐食均符合国家铅含量限值,36批原料也全部符合。两批饮用水样品符合所引用的标准。对周边空气、地表水、地下水和土壤的调查,在检查的地点和样品中未发现铅污染。这些发现支持调查将重点放在添加的颜料上,但并不能证明其他地方不存在任何可能的暴露来源。26 23
据省级调查,2025年7月1日警方进入幼儿园时,何某和安某藏匿了剩余颜料。两天后,警方将其查获。因此,调查记录的不只是不安全原料,还包括其购买、反复使用和试图隐匿的过程。13
未获回应的警讯
儿童的医疗数据需要比一个标题中的单一总数更谨慎地解读。截至2025年7月7日22:00,全部251名在园儿童均已接受检测。次日发布的通报记录了233例血铅结果异常和18例正常。这是一个有明确日期的检测快照,并非对伤害情况的最终说明。27
新华社在2025年7月20日的调查报道和2026年10月17日的判刑报道中,将247名学龄前儿童描述为中毒。联合早报的判刑报道则称有233名儿童血铅异常。现有报道没有解释这14人的差异,也没有确定这是否源于复检、统计人群不同或分类变化。检测结果异常与中毒诊断并非可以互换的说法。17 4 1
法院通报没有提供最终的医疗情况分类。它没有认定每名受影响儿童的严重程度都相同,也没有认定某名儿童已经康复,或已确认存在永久性发育损伤。这些界限很重要,因为此案关乎儿童健康,而不只是附在判决上的一个人数。36
早在公众作出回应之前,警讯就已出现。调查人员发现,2024年5月至2025年6月,天水市第二人民医院曾检出7名幼儿园儿童血铅异常。两名儿童的报告结果被向下篡改:一人的结果从每升292.37微克改为42.37微克,另一人则从440.14改为103。该组其余5名儿童的报告未被篡改。这些测量值针对血液,与食品中的浓度是两回事。14
一名儿童在2024年11月首次检测异常,并在随后六个月内又有5次异常结果。然而,医院没有系统地将这7个病例联系起来,也没有向幼儿园发出警告。调查人员指出,管理不善、实验室质量控制薄弱、培训不足,以及直接篡改结果而非按要求复检等问题。这一失职不止涉及两份伪造的报告:同一幼儿园就读儿童反复出现异常结果,却没有触发警告。14
调查还发现,省级疾控机构的血铅数据严重失真,并存在严重程序违规。2025年7月的报道区分了17名被立案审查调查人员,以及另外10名因监督失职而面临问责程序的官员。这些程序不等于27人均被定罪,而针对这6名幼儿园被告的判决也没有确定这些程序的详细结果。21 35 32
判刑并非补救
早在宣判很久之前,天水市就于2025年7月20日批准了一项治疗和支持方案。方案覆盖人群包括251名在园儿童、48名2024年毕业的儿童及29名工作人员,涉及2024年4月23日至2025年6月30日期间的在园情况。覆盖内容涉及与事件相关的血铅异常,以及后续治疗、康复和教育。不能把这些资格群体相加后当作已确认的中毒人数。15 33
该方案承诺及时治疗和康复、优先配置医疗资源、由国家级专家指导照护,并提供心理咨询。方案还规定了经济和教育支持、法律服务、权益保护服务中心,以及负责协调援助并与家庭保持联系的指定官员。麦积区被指定承担主要落实责任。天水市实验幼儿园被指定临时托管涉事幼儿园。52 53 55
这些刑罚回答了谁应为提供有毒食品承担刑事责任。接下来的检验在于,儿童是否能得到可靠的医疗随访和承诺给予他们的支持,以及检测和监督方面的另行失职是否会产生相应问责。无期徒刑并未终结这两个问题。
播出原貌 27 行
- A kindergarten served sausage rolls containing 1,340 milligrams of lead per kilogram.
- The operator has received a life sentence, and five others are going to prison. More than 200 children were affected. The case exposes how toxic pigment entered everyday meals, and how medical safeguards failed to stop the exposure.
- Heshi Peixin Kindergarten served the meals in Tianshui's Maiji district, in Gansu province. Lanzhou Intermediate People's Court sentenced the six defendants on October 16, 2026. All were convicted of producing and selling toxic or harmful food.
- The court found that operator Li Huifang and executive principal Zhu Jinglin directed or arranged for kitchen workers to add toxic non-food ingredients. Children and employees ate the food. The court described the circumstances as particularly serious.
- Li received life imprisonment and lost her political rights for life. The court ordered confiscation of 500,000 yuan in personal property. Zhu received 15 years in prison and a separate 300,000-yuan fine.
- The four kitchen workers are Niu Aiyuan, Wen Yafang, He Xuxia and An Chunling. Their prison terms range from six to eight years, and each received a fine. The court announcement gives the range without assigning an individual term or fine amount to each worker.
- Zhu wanted brighter-looking meals to attract students. Provincial investigators traced that decision to early 2024. Li agreed, a cook was told to buy pigment, and photographs and videos of the food circulated for promotion.
- He Xuxia bought pigment online on April 23, 2024, and again on February 20, 2025. The purchases included 1,200 grams of yellow, 1,000 grams of red and 900 grams of green. Yellow and red cost 6.12 yuan per hundred grams. Green cost 6.88 yuan.
- The packaging explicitly warned that the pigments weren't edible. Niu and Wen mixed them into flour for corn sausage rolls and three-colour red-date steamed cakes. From May 2024 until the incident, these foods were served about six times a month.
- Children and staff received those meals. That frequency doesn't tell us how much any one person ate. When police entered the kindergarten on July 1, 2025, He and An hid the remaining pigments. Police recovered them two days later: 458 grams of red, 57 grams of yellow and 444 grams of green.
- The national food limit was half a milligram of lead per kilogram. A retained breakfast cake contained 1,052 milligrams per kilogram. A retained dinner sausage roll contained 1,340. These measurements describe lead in the food.
- Investigators also checked other possible sources. They sampled 93 batches at the kindergarten, including 19 retained-meal batches and 36 ingredient batches. Apart from those two foods, the retained meals met national lead limits. All 36 ingredient batches met them too.
- Two drinking-water batches met the cited standards. Investigators also found the surrounding air, surface water, groundwater and soil within environmental standards. Their survey identified no lead pollution, supporting the investigation's focus on the added pigments.
- Air lead measured between 0.006 and 0.026 micrograms per cubic metre. Groundwater lead wasn't detected. Two soil measurements were 24.6 and 27.6 milligrams per kilogram, below the relevant screening level. Those results describe the places and samples examined.
- All 251 enrolled children had been tested by July 7, 2025. The initial announcement counted 233 abnormal blood-lead results and 18 normal results. Later coverage described 247 preschoolers as poisoned, a count 14 higher.
- Nobody has explained how those two totals fit together. An abnormal test and a poisoning diagnosis describe different things, and the court announcement doesn't give a final medical breakdown. The children’s individual severity and lasting effects remain unclear.
- Seven kindergarten children had already shown abnormal blood lead at Tianshui Second People's Hospital between May 2024 and June 2025. Investigators found that two children's results were altered downward. The other five children's reports weren't altered.
- One blood-lead result changed from 292.37 to 42.37 micrograms per litre. Another changed from 440.14 to 103. These were alterations to blood-test results, separate from the lead concentrations measured in food.
- One child first tested abnormal in November 2024, then had five further abnormal results within six months. The hospital failed to connect the seven cases or warn the kindergarten. Investigators found poor management, weak laboratory quality control and inadequate training. Staff changed results directly instead of carrying out required repeat testing.
- The provincial disease-control agency's blood-lead data were also seriously distorted, with procedural violations and tampering identified. Seventeen people were placed under disciplinary investigation. Another ten officials faced accountability proceedings over failures of oversight.
- The seventeen included twelve hospital and disease-control personnel, plus five others. Among those five were Maiji education bureau director He Xu and market-regulation bureau director Zhang Haibin. A provincial team formed on July 12 brought together health, education, police and other authorities, with national experts and central food-safety supervision.
- Six arrests announced that July led to the six kindergarten defendants now convicted. The separate official-accountability proceedings have their own outcomes still to come. The judgment against the kindergarten defendants was issued at first instance, and no appeal decision has been announced.
- Tianshui approved a treatment-and-support plan on July 20, 2025. It promised timely care and rehabilitation, priority medical resources, treatment guided by national experts and psychological consultation. Its commitment was to ensure everyone needing treatment received it.
- The eligibility groups included 251 enrolled children, 48 children who graduated in 2024 and 29 staff. The attendance period ran from April 23, 2024, through June 30, 2025. Coverage applied to incident-related abnormal blood lead and subsequent treatment, rehabilitation and education.
- The plan also promised financial and education support, along with legal services. Designated officials were to coordinate care, explain policy, record family requests and maintain contact. A rights-protection service centre was prescribed within the Maiji District Education Bureau.
- Maiji district was assigned primary responsibility, with a dedicated team and detailed implementation rules. Municipal departments were directed to coordinate, strengthen routine supervision and build longer-term prevention. The kindergarten was placed under temporary management by Tianshui Experimental Kindergarten.
- The sentences fix criminal responsibility for serving the toxic food. Families still face unresolved medical and financial consequences. The children's long-term outcomes, the assistance actually delivered and any compensation paid haven't been made clear.
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