跳到内容
现在

商业 · 航空出行受扰持续报道 · 第 1 篇,共 2 篇

FAA地面停飞令已解除,航空公司的运行恢复尚未完成。

FAA取消停飞令后,周五晚间航班获准恢复。飞机和机组人员仍需重新调配,周六的取消航班数量正在增加,技术原因仍在调查中。

文字 阅读需 8 分钟 · 89 个来源

原语言视频

译自英文原文。

在丹佛国际机场,全国范围的地面停飞令已经取消,但联合航空漫长的客服队伍仍然排在那里。出发航班信息屏上仍显示着延误和取消。对于想知道周五晚间能否起飞的旅客来说,联邦政府解除禁令还没有变成回家的路。⁠5

美国联邦航空管理局(FAA)于2026年11月13日星期五美国东部标准时间晚上8:19取消了全国范围的出发限制。通信故障扰乱空中交通管制后,这一决定移除了起飞的全国性障碍。但这并未让飞机和机组人员回到航空公司所需的位置,也没有恢复已经取消的航班。⁠86⁠81

周六的影响已开始显现:FlightAware的预报列表中,包含美国境内、飞往美国或从美国出发的航班取消1,516班。这些是暂定的、涵盖所有原因的记录,并非周六的最终总数,也不是单纯归因于此次故障的数量。⁠89

4小时25分钟全国停飞令与取消通告签署时间之间 7286
6,753周五美国东部标准时间晚上9:39与美国相关的取消航班数 88
1,516周五晚间列出的周六与美国相关的取消航班数 89

限制措施暂停了航班起飞,但没有命令已经在空中的飞机立即降落。国土安全部长马克韦恩·马林表示,航班都在掌握之中,可以安全降落。FAA的命令规定,入境国际航班须逐案处理;与此同时,出发航班停飞,直至另行通知。⁠1⁠72

停飞令先于扰乱结束

达美航空晚间发布的动态清楚显示,空域重新开放与重建航空公司航班时刻表并非一回事。美国东部时间下午6点,该航空公司表示没有航班起飞,但在途航班将继续飞往目的地。晚上9点的更新称,航班已开始起飞,但重整运行——包括重新安排飞机和机组人员的位置——仍需时间。⁠81

交通部长肖恩·达菲对旅客的预测十分直白:“进展会很慢。”他说,周五晚间的航班运行将取决于机组人员情况;如有必要,航空公司周六早上还可能继续调配飞机。他希望周六航班运行情况能显著改善,但这并非对恢复时间的保证。⁠22

FAA签署于美国东部标准时间晚上9:24的运行计划仍列有航空公司申请的地面停飞:阿拉斯加航空在西雅图和圣迭戈停飞;联合航空及其子公司在纽瓦克停飞;达美航空及其子公司在明尼阿波利斯—圣保罗停飞。列出的限制期限为东部时间晚上10点或10:15。这些是预定的截止时间,并不能确认每项限制都确实在当时结束。⁠87

对旅客来说,这意味着两件事可以同时成立:与通信故障相关的全国停飞令已经解除,而某家航空公司仍可能无法执行某一特定航班。联邦命令取消意味着获准恢复运行,并不证明每段行程所需的各项条件都已就绪。

在拉瓜迪亚机场,旅客称飞往奥兰多的航班一再延误;在拉斯维加斯的哈里·里德国际机场,旅客则在混乱中寻找替代方案。此前,芝加哥奥黑尔机场和中途机场曾先后实施停飞,但这一先后顺序并不能证明其中任何一个机场是故障的技术源头。⁠7⁠17

此次扰乱也波及国境之外。加拿大航空公司确认,美国航线出现取消;加拿大航空警告称,部分加勒比地区和南美航线可能受到影响。加拿大航空导航公司(NAV Canada)在多伦多皮尔逊机场、蒙特利尔特鲁多机场、卡尔加里和温哥华采取了流量管理措施,同时表示其自身系统运行正常。欧洲航空安全组织(Eurocontrol)报告称,应FAA要求,暂停了其42个成员国飞往美国的航班起飞。这些是美国故障造成的后果,并非加拿大也发生了相同故障的证据。⁠8⁠11⁠46

体育队伍也面临同样的不确定性。田纳西州体育部门官员比尔·马丁表示,橄榄球队在折返麦基·泰森机场后,计划于周五晚间飞往科利奇站;在周六对阵德克萨斯农工大学的比赛前,球队起飞时间仍未确定。布鲁克林篮网队从新奥尔良飞往孟菲斯的行程被叫停,圣何塞鲨鱼队原定飞往犹他州的航班也延误了。这些报道均未证实比赛延期。⁠2⁠14

时间和数字所能说明的情况

FAA签署的记录显示,全国出发令于美国东部标准时间下午3:54发布,并于晚上8:19明确取消——两份文件相隔4小时25分钟。这是文件之间的精确间隔,并不能证明每座机场经历的时长都恰好如此。最初的指令是停飞,直至另行通知;其中列出的未来时间窗口并不代表可以自动恢复运行。⁠72⁠86

各方报道的解除时间不尽相同。CBS芝加哥频道11月13日的报道援引达菲的话称,空域于美国东部时间晚上8:15重新开放。Scripps News在11月14日发布的报道则援引了晚上8:19的取消通知。WVLT在11月14日的报道中称,限制在晚上8:30刚过时解除。主要取消记录证实,到那时全国限制已经取消。⁠22⁠12⁠2⁠86

达菲的运行情况公告与FAA文件不一定描述的是同一环节:取消通告中的事件开始时间为晚上8:16,随后列出签署和生效时间晚上8:19。尚无确切信息表明每个设施具体在何时执行了恢复运行。⁠22⁠86

此次扰乱的总量也需要谨慎解读。美国东部标准时间周五晚上9:39,FlightAware列出美国境内、飞往美国或从美国出发的航班中,有8,627班延误、6,753班取消。这些数据涵盖当天所有原因造成的情况,既不是当天最终总数,也不能衡量有多少航班被证实受到电信故障影响。⁠88

周六的预报页面显示的时钟时间为美国东部标准时间周五晚上9:37,页面列出与美国相关的取消航班1,516班、延误航班160班。早些时候发布的滚动报告采用了不同的观测时间和地理范围,不能拼接成一个可靠的累计数字。延误和取消也不应简单相加:一班航班可能从延误变为取消,但并不会因此变成两段受扰行程。⁠89

原因尚未确定

FAA新闻办公室的初步声明证实,多个航路交通管制中心出现通信问题。这些设施负责引导飞机在机场之间飞行。达菲对全部22个区域中心作了更广泛的评估,并称从下午3:36开始,中心和进近管制设施出现雷达及通信不稳定——这早于全国停飞令的签署时间。⁠71⁠27⁠77

达菲将故障归咎于过载的交换机和路由器,这些设备导致数据不一致;他称这是一个老旧的模拟网络,设备陈旧,铜线已有数十年历史。另据CBS News援引多名匿名消息人士报道,由L3Harris运营的一个私有通信网络发生更新,触发了重启、崩溃和中断。L3Harris当时尚未立即回应置评请求。该说法并非已经完成并公开的技术调查结论。⁠11⁠22

马林对网络攻击的评估也附带一项重要限定。他最初称“没有网络攻击”,但在被追问时又说:“目前没有任何事情是完全确定的。”他补充说,故障似乎由机械因素引起,但调查人员仍在查找原因,不会排除网络攻击的可能性。这支持的是初步评估,而非通过取证排除所有可能原因。⁠77

停飞前一天,达菲和白宫预算主任拉塞尔·沃特向国会申请300亿美元,用于空中交通管制现代化。这仍只是一项申请,并非已拨付的资金,也不能证明某项具体采购本可避免周五的故障。问责问题的范围更小,却更难回答:什么出了故障、故障为何蔓延,以及备用系统为何未能控制住故障。⁠11

改签补救措施有其限制

达美航空的全系统豁免适用于受影响的11月13日至14日行程,且机票须于11月13日或之前签发。顾客必须在11月21日或之前同时更改航班并开始替代行程,才能享受灵活改签期限。在同一客舱内,符合条件的票价差额可获豁免,但可能受预订舱位可用情况限制。若更改出发地或目的地,或在11月21日之后出行,则可能需要支付票价差额。⁠79

顾客也可以取消行程并获得电子代金券。如果无法在相关指引规定的期限内重新安排行程,达美航空允许将未使用的票款用于购买新机票,期限为自签发日起一年内,但须支付票价差额,并且必须在机票有效期结束前完成旅行。联合航空也提供了灵活安排,据报道,新航班的出发期限可延至11月20日,但旅客应核实资格和票价条件,而不要想当然地认为所有替代行程都免费。美国国土安全部宣布,联邦紧急事务管理局将为需要药物的滞留旅客提供帮助,但未说明具体的服务地点或程序。⁠79⁠15⁠4

FAA计划让协调热线通宵保持畅通。其取消通告列出的预期更新时间为美国东部标准时间周五晚上11点;随后发布的运行计划要求周六早上6点更新全国空域状况,并于早上7:15举行运行规划网络研讨会。这些是运行检查节点,并非恢复承诺。全国停飞令已经结束。航空公司能否把飞行许可转化为可靠的航班时刻表,仍是眼下的考验。⁠86⁠87

时间线

第 1 天 · 2 篇报道

事件时间线
  1. 最先报道

来源39

在此处引用的来源中,Google News Türkiye (TR:tr)最先发布,比本报道播出早9小时。 随后还有34家媒体发布。

4家媒体未注明日期:tfrwebFlightAwareapnews.compilotinq.com

持续报道 · 第 1 篇,共 2 篇

按媒体查看所有来源

来自 39 家媒体的 89 个来源· 引用最多的优先

播出原貌
  1. A communications failure halted departing flights across the United States.
  2. The FAA has canceled the nationwide restriction, and planes are taking off again. But airlines are still rebuilding schedules, with cancellations already stretching into Saturday. How quickly can they get aircraft and crews back where they're needed?
  3. About 3,100 aircraft heading toward U.S. airports were already airborne when the stop began. Homeland Security Secretary Markwayne Mullin said those flights were accounted for and could land safely. Officials held additional departures while they assessed the communications problem.
  4. International arrivals were handled individually. The restriction reached airports nationwide, including Los Angeles, the New York area and Denver. Earlier ground stops at Chicago O'Hare and Midway preceded the national order.
  5. The FAA made the cancellation effective at 8:19 p.m. Eastern on Friday, November 13. That cleared the national barrier to departures. Airlines still had to work out which flights they could operate, with the aircraft and crews available.
  6. Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy said airspace reopened at 8:15. The cancellation notice has a separate event-start field of 8:16, followed by its signed and effective time of 8:19. Those times describe different steps in the restart.
  7. The nationwide order was signed at 3:54, after Duffy said radar and communications instability began at 3:36. Four hours and 25 minutes separated the signed order and cancellation. Individual airports could experience different lengths of disruption.
  8. The original order told departing traffic to stay grounded until further notice. Its listed future time windows didn't authorize an automatic restart. The explicit cancellation supplied that authorization.
  9. Duffy's reopening time came four minutes before the signed cancellation. By 8:30, the national cancellation was already effective. The exact minute each facility put the restart into practice could vary, and airlines warned that departures would resume gradually.
  10. Friday's late-evening listings showed 6,753 cancellations on flights within, into or out of the United States. They covered all causes throughout the day. They weren't a final total, or a measure of cancellations caused solely by this outage.
  11. The same Friday snapshot listed 8,627 U.S.-linked delays. Worldwide, it showed 25,178 delays and 7,470 cancellations. Those different geographic totals help explain why counts circulating through the evening couldn't be combined into one reliable running tally.
  12. Saturday's advance listings already showed 1,516 U.S.-linked cancellations and 160 delays. Worldwide, they showed 1,706 cancellations and 2,573 delays. These were provisional entries for the next travel day, covering all causes, while airlines were still adjusting schedules.
  13. A flight can also move from delayed to canceled. Adding those categories together can count the same journey twice.
  14. Denver passengers were still waiting in a long United Airlines customer-service line immediately after the lifting. Departure boards continued to show delays and cancellations. At LaGuardia, passengers described repeated delays to an Orlando flight, while travelers in Las Vegas sought alternatives.
  15. The disruption also reached Boston, Atlanta, Miami, Pittsburgh and Baltimore. At Delta, the change was concrete: its evening update went from no departing flights to departures resuming. But the airline said repositioning aircraft and crews would take time.
  16. Duffy warned, “It's going to be slow.” He said Friday night's flying depended on crew capacity. If necessary, airlines would keep moving aircraft into position Saturday morning. Delta said it automatically rebooks canceled passengers to the next best itinerary.
  17. The FAA's later operations plan still listed airline-requested stops for Alaska at Seattle and San Diego, United at Newark, and Delta at Minneapolis–Saint Paul. The plan gave scheduled limits for those restrictions. Their actual release depended on subsequent operations.
  18. Subscribe to this channel as we follow the airline recovery and the investigation into what failed.
  19. The communications problem reached the centers that guide planes between airports. The FAA's preliminary statement described multiple centers. Duffy said all 22 regional centers were affected, and described instability at approach-control facilities as well.
  20. Duffy blamed overloaded switches and routers that produced inconsistent data. He described an aging analog network, including 1980s copper lines. He said the instability in radar and communications led officials to stop departures for safety.
  21. An update to a private communications network operated by L3Harris reportedly triggered a reboot, crash and outage. The company hadn't immediately commented. Investigators still have to determine the initiating failure, how it spread and what role any update played.
  22. Mullin initially said there was “no cyberattack.” Pressed on certainty, he said, “There's nothing completely certain right now.” He said the failure appeared mechanically driven, while investigators continued looking and weren't ruling out a cyberattack.
  23. Homeland Security also denied a connection to Microsoft's separate outage. Mullin said the public and flights hadn't been put at risk.
  24. Duffy and White House budget director Russell Vought requested $30 billion from Congress for air traffic control modernization the day before the shutdown. Duffy renewed that appeal afterward. Congress would still have to enact the requested funding.
  25. The technical investigation must determine what failed and why backup systems didn't contain it. That work will also help identify which changes could prevent a repeat.
  26. Canadian airlines canceled U.S. services. NAV Canada introduced traffic-management measures at Toronto Pearson, Montréal–Trudeau, Calgary and Vancouver, while saying its own systems were operating normally. Air Canada warned that some Caribbean and South American services could also be affected.
  27. Canadian Transport Minister Steven MacKinnon offered full assistance to the FAA. Eurocontrol said U.S.-bound departures from its 42 member states were suspended at the FAA's request. Aer Lingus had some U.S. departures cleared earlier, while Dublin Airport warned of possible disruption Saturday morning.
  28. Delta's systemwide waiver covers affected November 13 and 14 travel on tickets issued by November 13. To use its flexible window, customers must change their flight and begin the replacement trip by November 21.
  29. Delta waives qualifying fare differences in the same cabin. A booking-class availability restriction can still apply. Changing the origin or destination, or traveling after November 21, can mean paying a fare difference.
  30. Customers can also cancel for an eCredit. If they can't reschedule within the guidelines, Delta allows unused ticket value toward a new ticket within one year of issue. Fare differences apply, and travel must finish before the ticket expires.
  31. United also offered flexibility, with a reported new-flight departure window through November 20. Travelers should check their airline's eligibility and fare conditions. Homeland Security said FEMA assistance had been activated to help stranded passengers obtain medication.
  32. Tennessee's football team headed back toward McGhee Tyson Airport after the national stop ended. University official Bill Martin said it planned to fly to College Station Friday night. Its departure time was still undecided, ahead of Saturday's game against Texas A&M.
  33. The game was scheduled for 3 p.m. in Texas. The Brooklyn Nets' attempted trip from New Orleans to Memphis was also halted, and the San Jose Sharks' planned flight to Utah was delayed.
  34. The FAA planned to keep its coordination hotlines open overnight. It listed an expected update Friday night, a national airspace status update at six Saturday morning, and a planning webinar at seven fifteen.
  35. Airlines can restart departures, but they still need enough crews and correctly positioned aircraft to operate their schedules. Duffy expressed hope for substantially better movement Saturday. He gave no guaranteed time for a full recovery and told travelers to check with their airlines.

译文更新于

近期播出