司法 · 军事死刑
陆军确定于12月3日在胡德堡枪决枪击案凶手尼达尔·哈桑
哈桑被判处死刑逾13年后,陆军已确定处决尼达尔·哈桑的日期、时间和地点。潜在的联邦法院救济以及尚未得到解答的行刑队程序问题,仍可能打断这一计划。
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在尼达尔·马利克·哈桑被判处死刑逾13年后,陆军已安排执行这一刑罚:2026年12月3日,中央标准时间下午1时,在得克萨斯州胡德堡执行枪决。2013年作出的判决如今有了具体的执行日期。但这个日期能否经受进一步诉讼,仍未有定论。8 37
如果执行,哈桑将成为自1961年4月13日约翰·A·贝内特列兵被绞死以来首名被美军处决的人,也是自1945年因擅离职守而在法国被处决的埃迪·斯洛维克列兵以来首名遭行刑队枪决的人。这些是有条件成立的里程碑,并非已经发生的事件。5
陆军10月7日的公告补全了早前报道中缺失的年份和具体时间。公告确认亚当·特勒为陆军代理部长,并称他于10月6日下令执行。签署的原始命令无法供外界独立查验;执行安排以公开公告为依据。8
批准转为执行安排
权限分配至关重要。国防部长皮特·赫格塞思建议执行判决,五角大楼发言人肖恩·帕内尔宣布特朗普已批准,特勒则下令执行并选定相关安排。陆军称,只有总统有权批准对军事囚犯执行死刑。把所有这些步骤都描述成国防部长下达的命令,会模糊彼此独立的决定。1 8
随着相关安排逐步公布,公开信息变得更加具体。CBS News于10月6日报道称,执行尚未排期,陆军部长将确定时间和地点。NPR于10月7日报道称,一项命令指定在胡德堡于12月3日执行,但引述中未提到年份。陆军公告补充了2026年和具体时间。较早关于尚未排期的报道已被更新,并不意味着存在相互冲突的执行日期。1 2 8
日期不等于不会被暂缓的最后期限
10月6日,各媒体对时间规定的描述存在实质差异。CBS News称,联邦法律要求执行不得早于批准后60天,也不得晚于150天。The Hill则称,陆军政策要求至少等待60天,并通常在150天内执行。硬性最长时限与通常适用的时间窗口并非一回事。1 4
所指的法规是《陆军条例190–55:美国陆军惩教系统——军事处决程序》。现有封面材料称,该条例于2023年10月30日获认证为现行有效,并作了指定的行政修订,除此之外没有其他实质性改动。现有可查材料无法确认完整适用的时间条款、其触发事件及其例外情况。因此,不能负责任地将任何一家媒体的表述视为已核实的完整规则。17
哈桑仍可在民事联邦法院通过人身保护令申请寻求附带救济。死刑信息中心执行主任罗宾·马赫向NPR指出,这一途径可能导致延迟。法官在审查宪法或程序问题时,可以暂缓执行。提出申请本身并不等于获得暂缓令。2 4
截至10月8日,现有报道尚未证实有新提交的申请或暂缓令。这只是对已核实信息范围的限制,并不能证明没有提交任何文件。Scripps News预测诉讼程序可能需要数年,以及其他报道警告延迟可能无限期持续,这些都只是对诉讼可能结果的描述,并非已经存在、会取消陆军12月执行安排的法院日程。3 1 4
上诉历程有助于解释两者的区别。美国武装部队上诉法院于2023年3月28日就哈桑案听取辩论,并于2024年3月4日作出裁决。他的死刑案件Nidal M. Hasan v. United States,案号24-5225,于2024年8月5日登记在最高法院案卷中。据申请追踪器和国家军事司法研究所标注日期的评论,他的申请于2025年3月被驳回。这里无法确定驳回的具体日期;追踪器所列的3月28日会议日期并非驳回令日期。25 24 27 28
该申请涉及公开审判保障、结构性错误以及对所称违宪行为的补救。这些是哈桑提出的法律论点,并非认定他的权利遭到侵犯。陆军称“完整的上诉程序”维持了定罪和死刑判决,描述的是已经完成的上诉审查;这并未裁定未来的联邦人身保护令诉讼能否获得救济。27 28 8
罪行已证实;程序尚未确定
时任陆军少校兼精神科医生的哈桑于2009年11月5日在胡德堡杀害13人、造成32人受伤。CBS最初报道批准死刑时所说的“约30人”受伤,不如后来公布的32人这一数字准确。他的定罪是已经确立的事实,并非尚未解决的指控。1 2 6
2013年8月23日,由13名军官组成的合议庭一致裁定哈桑犯有13项预谋谋杀罪,并以32项预谋杀人未遂罪判其有罪。8月28日,在不到两小时的量刑审议后,合议庭判处其死刑、没收全部薪酬和津贴,并将其开除军籍。哈桑在庭审中自行辩护,并称自己的行动是为了支持塔利班。39 37 1
他一直被关押在堪萨斯州莱文沃思堡;公布的执行地点则是他实施杀戮的得克萨斯州军事基地。对幸存者和遇难者家属而言,政府作出执行安排,标志着漫长等待后一个重要变化。但这并未免除政府说明其打算如何执行判决的义务。4 8
美联社10月7日报道称,这项公告令一名曾在民事案件中代理哈桑的律师感到意外,也引发军事法专家对陆军是否遵守自身规则的担忧。现有报道没有透露该律师的身份,也未证实此人是哈桑目前刑事辩护律师。有关行刑队人员构成及其将采用何种程序,公开信息很少。15 11 36
五角大楼没有解释为何现在推进执行,也没有说明为何选择行刑队枪决。将这一决定与致命注射失败引发的争论重新升温联系起来的猜测,并不能证明决策动机。现有适用法规文本也未说明这种方式是如何获准的。这些信息缺口值得审视,但并不能证明存在违规行为。2 17
已知
- 陆军计划于2026年12月3日中部标准时间下午1时在胡德堡执行对哈桑的死刑。 8
未知
- 进一步的联邦诉讼是否会促成暂缓令,以及陆军将采用何种行刑队程序。
后续
- 任何司法暂缓令或军事方面的指令变更,以及对执行程序和选择该程序原因的披露。
来源及相关公开记录
最初的批准报道:CBS News 1;NPR 10月7日报道 2;Scripps News 3;The Hill随后于10月6日刊发的报道 4;The Hill较早的报道 5;NBC News 6。ABC News Australia关于行刑方式的采访 7。
执行安排公告及相关报道:美国陆军 8;美联社 9;KWTX 10;ABC News转引美联社 11;《华盛顿邮报》12;Military.com 13;The Independent转引美联社 14;WTOP转引美联社 15;Task & Purpose 16。
军事处决规则及背景:现行《陆军条例190–55》17;《Army Lawyer》文章 18;KSAT转引美联社 19;CEEViS评论 20;由美国科学家联合会托管的条例副本 21;维基百科关于军事死刑的概述 22。
播出原貌 25 行
- Nidal Hasan faces a firing squad at the military installation where he killed 13 people. The Army has scheduled his execution for December 3, 2026, at Fort Hood, more than 13 years after his death sentence. Could federal-court relief or unresolved procedural questions interrupt that appointment?
- Hasan was an Army major and psychiatrist when he killed 13 people and wounded 32 on November 5, 2009. The wounded count is 32, not the rounded figure of about 30 that appeared initially.
- The appointment is specific: December 3, 2026, at 1 p.m. Central Standard Time, by firing squad at Fort Hood, Texas. That is 19:00 UTC. Scheduling does not mean the execution has happened or that every avenue of judicial relief has closed.
- The public account moved from no announced appointment on October 6 to December 3 at Fort Hood on October 7. The more specific announcement resolves the missing year and hour. That is an update, not competing execution dates.
- One chronology discrepancy remains: a local item displayed an October 5 timestamp while describing arrangements the Army dates to October 6. That unexplained timestamp does not establish that the execution direction came a day earlier.
- President Donald Trump approved Hasan's death sentence after Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth recommended carrying it out. Describing Hegseth as the official who ordered the execution obscures the separate authority of the president and the Army secretary.
- Acting Army Secretary Adam Telle directed the execution and selected its arrangements. Pentagon spokesperson Sean Parnell announced the approval of execution by firing squad. Telle's acting status is established; the asserted timing of a preceding secretary's resignation is not.
- Trump's approval came on October 2, 2026, not on the later public-announcement date. Telle directed execution on October 6. December 3 is 62 elapsed calendar days after approval, but that arithmetic does not prove compliance with every procedural requirement.
- The timing descriptions differ: a 60-day minimum and a hard 150-day maximum, versus a 60-day minimum and generally within 150 days. Those are not equivalent. Neither description establishes the complete operative rule, its trigger or its exceptions.
- The identified regulation is Army Regulation 190–55, U.S. Army Corrections System: Procedures for Military Executions. Its cover material says it was certified current on October 30, 2023, with specified administrative revisions but no other substantive changes. The complete operative timing and method provisions were unavailable for examination.
- Hasan can still seek habeas corpus relief in civilian federal court. A judge could stay the execution while considering constitutional or procedural issues. But filing a petition does not itself stop an execution, and filing or stay status is not established as of October 8.
- Litigation could delay the proceedings for years or indefinitely. Those are possible outcomes, not an existing court timetable. They do not erase the announced December appointment, and an unverified stay is not the same thing as a confirmed absence of a stay.
- The Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces heard argument on March 28, 2023, and decided the case on March 4, 2024. Hasan's Supreme Court case, number 24-5225, was docketed August 5, 2024. The petition was denied in March 2025.
- That petition raised the public-trial guarantee, structural error and the appropriate remedy for an alleged violation. Those were Hasan's legal arguments, not findings that his rights were violated. March 28, 2025, is identified as a conference date, not a verified denial-order date; the exact denial day remains unestablished.
- Presidential approval follows military appellate review of the conviction and death sentence. Completion of that review must not be confused with a judicial ruling that no collateral federal challenge is possible. A future habeas petition presents a separate question.
- On August 23, 2013, a panel of 13 military officers returned a unanimous guilty verdict on 13 premeditated-murder counts and convicted Hasan on 32 attempted-premeditated-murder counts. On August 28, after less than two hours of sentencing deliberations, it imposed death.
- The punishment also included forfeiture of all pay and allowances and dismissal from service. Hasan represented himself at trial and said he acted in support of the Taliban. His conviction is established history; the unresolved questions concern execution timing, procedure and further judicial relief.
- Hasan has been held at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. His scheduled execution site is Fort Hood, the Texas installation where he committed the killings. The announcement-era military death-row count was four men; a current named roster was not independently established.
- If carried out, this would be the first U.S. military execution since Private John A. Bennett was hanged on April 13, 1961. It would also be the first military firing-squad execution since Private Eddie Slovik was executed in France for desertion in 1945.
- Those milestones remain conditional. More than 65 years separate the scheduled execution from Bennett's hanging, and more than 13 years separate Hasan's sentence from the government's appointment to carry it out. The distinction matters to survivors and victims' families: a punishment imposed is not yet a punishment carried out.
- Few details have been released about the firing squad's personnel or procedure. The available operative text does not resolve how this method was authorized, or claims about lethal injection versus another method. Those gaps warrant scrutiny, but do not prove a rule violation.
- The announcement surprised an attorney who had represented Hasan in a civil case. That person is not identified, and their status as his current criminal-defense lawyer is not established. Concerns about whether the Army followed its own rules remain unresolved, rather than demonstrated violations.
- The Pentagon has not explained why it is proceeding now or why it selected a firing squad. Speculation connecting the decision to renewed debate over botched lethal injections does not establish a motive for Trump's approval or Hegseth's recommendation.
- An interview assessment suggested that firing squads can produce prolonged deaths while possibly avoiding botched executions somewhat better than lethal injection. It came without numerical comparisons, and neither the assessment nor the expert's identity was independently corroborated. It establishes no assurance that this execution would be quick, painless or free of failure.
- The answer is specific: federal-court relief could interrupt the December 3 appointment, but a petition or stay has not been established here. The year, hour and place are resolved. The firing-squad protocol and the reason for choosing that method remain unanswered.
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