灾害 · Norte山火持续报道 · 第 4 篇，共 4 篇

Norte山火控制率达80%，地下热点仍让消防人员持续作业

这场过火面积达570英亩的火灾，其火线正逐步得到控制，但地下热点、尚未解决的起火原因问题，以及等待安全检查的房屋，意味着善后工作仍未完成。

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持续报道第 6 天

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完整报道
  • 暂无标注日期的事件
  1. 第 1 次更新Norte 火灾控制率仅为5%，部分撤离居民已可返家
  2. 第 2 次更新Norte火灾疏散令全部解除，火灾控制率达到60%
  3. 第 3 次更新北方山火控制率达到75%，但降雨可能带来新的风险
  4. 第 4 次更新Norte山火控制率达80%，地下热点仍让消防人员持续作业当前位置

自上次报道以来的变化

10 小时后

当时

北方山火控制率达到75%，但降雨可能带来新的风险

现在

这场过火面积达570英亩的火灾，其火线正逐步得到控制，但地下热点、尚未解决的起火原因问题，以及等待安全检查的房屋，意味着善后工作仍未完成。

Norte山火最初的威胁在于蔓延速度：周五，圣安娜风推动火势在一小时内蔓延至250英亩，火焰从圣克莱门特向圣胡安卡皮斯特拉诺扩展。到周一晚些时候，挑战已经改变。消防人员已控制80%的火线，防止火势进一步蔓延，过火面积维持在570英亩。现在，他们正在寻找可能在看似平静的地表之下持续燃烧的热源。1 3

自我们10月19日的报道（当时称火势控制率为75%）以来，这又是一项进展。但剩余工作不能仅用控制率衡量。消防人员必须扑灭埋在地下的热点、修复灭火作业扰动的地面，并防止火势复燃。对于房屋幸存下来的家庭，还有另一项考验：这些房屋是否适合居住。

关键事实

  1. 80%火线已得到控制，防止火势蔓延 731
  2. 570英亩报告的过火面积 731
  3. 7套房屋受损或被毁；各类别具体数量尚未核实 31

进展的先后顺序很重要。周日晚间的评估是火势控制率达到60%。CBS洛杉矶和《斯波坎评论报》在10月19日的报道中给出的75%，描述的是周一早些时候的情况；MyNewsLA随后报道称控制率达到80%。这些是先后更新的数据，并非对同一时刻的相互矛盾的测量。最新数字显示，自周日以来控制率提高了20个百分点，且没有报告过火面积超过570英亩。1 2 4

州级事故信息列表也记录了80%的控制率和570英亩过火面积，并标注10月19日下午4:34更新，但未注明时区。该列表将橙县消防局列为管辖机构，并明确说明这不是加州林业和消防局（CAL FIRE）负责的事故。火势控制率表示已控制、能够防止火势蔓延的边界比例，并非已扑灭的过火面积比例。73

MyNewsLA报道称，有583名消防员参与应对。这一人员配置数据是否与州级列表更新时同时统计，尚未确定；但报道描述的工作很明确：寻找并扑灭可能导致火灾复燃的热点。1

热成像无人机让这项搜寻成为可能。橙县消防局的无人机项目有20名操作员，其摄像设备可以探测热源，并将精确位置传送给下方的消防员。地面人员随后会在这些地点挖掘，确认热源已被扑灭。航空行动项目经理丹·杜弗雷纳（Dan Dufrene）告诉ABC7，埋藏的热点可能持续休眠数周。3

“只是因为你看不到空中有烟，我们在这起事故中的工作，从无人机作业来看，实际上才完成了大约25%。”

丹·杜弗雷纳 3

这个25%指的是无人机作业量，并非火势控制率。这一区别解释了为什么山坡即使越来越平静，仍需要全天候作业。橙县消防局已要求居民不要在附近驾驶私人无人机，因为这可能干扰灭火行动。该机构希望将来使用能够向热点投水的无人机，但这只是未来的设想，并非已确认在此处投入使用的能力。3

房屋获救，家庭仍未能返家

斯科特·彼得森（Scott Peterson）的家庭，体现了房屋幸存与一家人能够返家之间的差距。火焰逼近时，彼得森和女儿正在维亚拉米拉达路（Via La Mirada）的家中。他的妻子当时不在城里，他们通过监控摄像头看到后院一棵树着火。火焰蔓延到了围栏，他担心房子已经保不住了。3

消防员带着水管进入院子，扑灭了火势。彼得森认为，消防员救下了他的房子和邻居的房屋。他的家人现在正向邻居送去空气净化器，但他们仍未能返家，正在等待空气质量检测。这个家庭的经历说明，他们仍在流离失所；但这并不代表所有仍无法在家居住者的人数。3

所有疏散令均已解除。居民从10月17日星期六晚间开始返家，避难所也已关闭；在我们10月19日播报之前，这项重新开放已经发生。最初估算的约6,000套房屋和16,000名居民，指的是疏散令覆盖区域内的数量，并非经核实的撤离人数或目前的流离失所人数。190 191 1

获准返回某个社区，也不意味着任何地方都可不受限制地通行。目前没有更新且经核实的通知能够证明，维亚拉米拉达路埃斯佩兰萨路（Esperanza）以北路段的单独车辆通行限制，或将过火区封为活跃火灾危险区域的措施，已经结束。

房屋评估仍为圣胡安卡皮斯特拉诺有7套房屋受损或被毁，两类房屋各自的数量尚未核实。这一合并评估取代了我们10月17日播报中至少6套房屋被毁的早期统计；这并不意味着7套房屋全都被毁。ABC7目前还报道，周五受伤后住院的两名消防员均已回家休养。这说明他们已不再住院，但不能证明他们已完全康复或确定康复时间表。3

这是指控，并非起火原因认定

周一出现了有关责任归属的新指控，但并未有官方公布火灾原因。ABC7报道称，Bridgford Law代表一名曾撤离的圣胡安卡皮斯特拉诺居民提交了诉状，指称圣迭戈燃气电力公司（San Diego Gas & Electric）的设备故障导致火灾。同一报道称，预计将提起诉讼；尚未独立核实相关法院文件、原告姓名和案件编号。3

根据ABC7对诉状的报道，周五上午11:31，埃米嫩西亚德尔诺特路（Eminencia Del Norte）西北方向的197号线路报告发生停电，橙县消防局（OCFA）在两分钟后报告了火灾。诉状还称，公用事业公司的设备距离推测的起火地点约100至200英尺。这些关于具体时间、线路和距离的说法仍属指控，并非经独立核实的公用事业记录或测量结果。3

律师理查德·布里奇福德（Richard Bridgford）称，公用事业公司导致火灾的可能性“极高”。这是代表原告的律师作出的判断，并非调查人员确立的概率。3

圣迭戈燃气电力公司证实，周五圣克莱门特发生停电，并表示正配合橙县消防局调查。该公司称，停电原因仍在调查中，烟雾和灰烬可能导致电力中断，目前没有依据将其设施与起火联系起来。烟雾和灰烬只是可能的解释，并非已证实的此次停电原因。3

时间上的先后为调查人员提供了线索，但不能证明哪一事件导致了另一事件。目前尚未确认有任何部件故障、已证实的故障机制或最终的官方起火原因认定。也不应将公用事业安全调查误认为起火原因认定：加州公用事业委员会表示，其野火调查人员会审查公用事业公司是否遵守规定，但不会判定火灾原因。167

降雨将至，修复工作尚未完成

在搜寻热点的同时，消防人员计划本周开展灭火后的修复工作，修复灭火作业扰动的地面，以帮助减少侵蚀。具体修复范围和完成时间仍未确定。这也是火线得到控制只是一个里程碑、而非终点的另一个原因。2 191

天气预报显示，10月21日至22日（周三和周四）将有降雨；此前火灾在干燥且风势强劲的天气中开始。但区域降雨预报并不能说明Norte过火区会降下多少雨，或降雨有多强。目前尚无证据显示预报已改变火势控制情况，也没有经核实的、针对该过火区的降雨量、降雨强度或预警信息。2

因此，下一阶段的进展不能只看下一个火势控制率数字：消防人员能否消除剩余热源，受扰动的山坡能否经受即将到来的天气，以及居民能否安全住进消防员救下的房屋。对于彼得森一家来说，最后这个问题仍取决于空气质量检测结果。3

播出原貌 23 行
  1. Firefighters have secured 80 percent of the Norte Fire's perimeter against spread.
  2. On October 19, we reported 75 percent containment. The later Monday assessment puts it at 80 percent. The footprint still holds at 570 acres, but crews are searching for buried heat that could restart the fire.
  3. What will it take to eliminate that heat and get families safely back into their homes?
  4. Santa Ana winds pushed the fire to 250 acres within an hour Friday. It began near Portico Del Norte in San Clemente and spread toward San Juan Capistrano. Orange County Fire Authority is leading the response.
  5. Containment measures how much of the perimeter crews have secured against further spread. Heat can remain inside those lines. The latest staffing figure is reportedly 583 firefighters. An earlier Sunday-morning count was 467, taken at a different stage of the response.
  6. Crews moved from 60 percent containment Sunday evening to 75 percent Monday morning, then 80 percent later Monday. That's a twenty-percentage-point improvement since Sunday, with no reported expansion beyond 570 acres.
  7. The state incident page also carries 80 percent containment and 570 acres. Its October 19 update is marked 4:34 p.m., without a stated time zone. The page identifies Orange County Fire Authority as the jurisdictional agency.
  8. Thermal cameras can find heat beneath ground that looks quiet. Firefighting drones send the hot spots' exact locations to crews below. Those firefighters dig into the soil and check that the heat is completely out, while other crews strengthen containment lines.
  9. Buried hot spots can stay dormant for weeks, says air operations manager Dan Dufrene. He says the absence of smoke leaves much of the drone work unfinished. OCFA's drone program has 20 operators, and fire crews are working around the clock.
  10. Dufrene described the drone work as only about 25 percent done even when smoke disappears. That describes the drone workload. Residents have been asked to keep personal drones away because they could interfere. OCFA hopes eventually to use drones that deliver water directly to hot spots.
  11. Seven homes in San Juan Capistrano were damaged or destroyed. The separate totals still aren't clear. Both firefighters hospitalized after Friday's injuries are now recovering at home. Earlier information identified heat exhaustion for at least one of them.
  12. Our October 17 broadcast used an early assessment of at least six homes destroyed. The later seven-home assessment combines damage and destruction, and replaces that earlier tally.
  13. All evacuation orders have been lifted. Residents began returning Saturday evening, and evacuation shelters closed. That reopening had already happened before our October 19 broadcast.
  14. Scott Peterson's family still can't live in their home on Via La Mirada. They're waiting for air-quality testing, even though firefighters saved the house. The family is delivering air scrubbers to neighbors while their own displacement continues.
  15. Peterson was home with his daughter as flames approached. His wife was out of town, and they watched their cameras as a backyard tree caught fire. Flames reached the fence. Firefighters entered the yard with a hose and put them out, saving his home and neighboring houses.
  16. Police chief Justin Chevalier's initial estimates covered about 6,000 homes and 16,000 residents under evacuation orders. Those figures describe the area ordered to leave. The number still displaced hasn't been counted publicly. We also don't have a newer notice ending the separate Via La Mirada vehicle restriction or burn-scar closure.
  17. Bridgford Law's complaint alleges San Diego Gas and Electric equipment failure caused the fire. Attorney Richard Bridgford calls that highly probable. The utility says there's currently no basis to connect its facilities to the ignition and is cooperating with fire investigators.
  18. The complaint was reportedly filed Monday for a San Juan Capistrano resident who evacuated. It cites a nearby outage two minutes before the fire was reported. It also places utility equipment within 100 to 200 feet of the approximate ignition site. Those details are the complaint's allegations.
  19. SDG&E confirms an outage Friday but says its cause is still under investigation. The company says smoke and ash can cause electrical outages. Investigators haven't determined what started this fire, or whether the outage and ignition are connected.
  20. The outage's timing gives investigators a lead. It doesn't tell them which event caused the other. California's utility regulator examines whether utilities followed safety requirements; its wildfire investigators don't determine a fire's cause.
  21. Crews also plan to repair ground disturbed by firefighting this week to help reduce erosion. That work continues inside the perimeter, alongside the search for buried heat. Securing the boundary leaves both jobs unfinished.
  22. Rain is forecast Wednesday and Thursday, October 21 and 22. The regional outlook includes showers and a chance of thunderstorms, most likely Wednesday night into Thursday morning. It puts the chance of wetting rain above 90 percent from the coast to the mountains.
  23. Those regional odds don't specify how hard rain will fall on the Norte burn scar. Crews still need to eliminate the remaining heat and protect disturbed slopes. For Peterson's family, returning to live at home still depends on air-quality testing.

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