冲突 · 利雅得机场持续报道 · 第 4 篇,共 4 篇
据报利雅得机场两个航站楼重新开放,航班情况则是另一个问题。
哈立德国王国际机场据报恢复运营,航站楼状态因此发生变化;但随着胡塞武装再次发出威胁,实际完成的航班仍未确定。
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持续报道第 23 天
4 篇报道246 家媒体567 个来源116 个视频
完整报道自上次报道以来的变化
13 天后
当时
利雅得机场仍暂停运营,沙特调查致命防御漏洞我们当时说尚无定论的问题
利雅得火灾的原因、胡赖斯是否遭到破坏,以及沙特政府或沙特阿美是否会就损坏情况发表任何声明。
尚无定论利雅得航站楼火灾的原因仍未查明。新报道没有证实胡赖斯遭到破坏,也没有提供沙特政府或沙特阿美就该损坏情况发表声明的信息。
迪巴卜及海峡周边所称的战果是否属实、能否维持,以及此次攻势造成了多少人员死亡。
尚无定论新报道没有独立证实迪巴卜及海峡周边的控制权、所称战果能否持久,或此次攻势的死亡人数。
除法新社引用的消息来源外,泰兹70多人死亡的数字和包围状况是否得到证实。
尚无定论除我们此前报道所引述的消息来源外,现有报道没有新的独立证据证实泰兹此前报道的70多人死亡,也没有证实该地区已被包围。
沙特或沙特阿美是否就损坏情况发表声明,以及迪巴卜及海峡周边的控制权是否得到独立证实。
尚无定论现有报道既没有补充沙特或沙特阿美就此前所称损坏情况发表的声明,也没有独立证实迪巴卜及海峡周边的控制权。
现在
哈立德国王国际机场据报恢复运营,航站楼状态因此发生变化;但随着胡塞武装再次发出威胁,实际完成的航班仍未确定。
据报道,在中断两个多星期后,利雅得哈立德国王国际机场的两个航站楼重新投入使用。致命袭击发生后,这对旅客和机场工作人员来说是一个重要进展,但尚不能证明商业航班已恢复并持续运营。沙特阿拉伯称航站楼于10月25日星期日重新开放;实际起降的飞机数量仍未确定。2
据报道,相关安排规定,1号航站楼用于国内航班,2号航站楼用于沙特国家航空公司运营的国际航班。这一限定很重要:这并不意味着所有国际航空公司都会恢复运营。《利雅得Time Out》列出了沙特航空、Flynas、Flyadeal和利雅得航空,同时建议旅客前往机场前向航空公司确认预订状态。被列入这些安排,并不能证明某家航空公司当天实际运营了航班。5 7
10月13日,HeyDay News报道机场多次发生致命袭击、运营暂停,且尚未确认重新开放。新报道改变了航站楼的状态,但没有说明服务恢复的规模,也没有解释机场防御如何被突破,或后来发生的航站楼火灾原因。
获准重新开放,并不等于已有实际航班起降的记录。
这里有三个不同的步骤:主管部门批准航站楼投入使用、航空公司决定运营,以及飞机完成起飞或降落。有关10月25日重新开放的报道支持第一步,但没有提供另外两步的完整记录。机场或航空主管部门最初发布的、带日期的重新开放通知尚未经过独立认证;有关航站楼安排的依据,是已发布的公告报道。5 11
《独立报》称,周日Flightradar24上显示的航班活动很少。其他二手报道则称有少数沙特航空公司的航班起飞。但两者都没有提供包含航班识别信息和实际起降时间的逐班清单,因而不足以确定当天的航班总数。现有10月26日的追踪截屏同样无法证明10月25日实际运营了多少服务,也无法证明恢复运营是否持续到了周一。2 62 65 66
不应把缺少记录说成机场仍然完全关闭。稀疏的追踪画面并非完整的航班起降记录,而且没有标注日期航班行的机场航班显示板,也不能证明没有飞机起降。汇总数字也需谨慎解读:RUH Watch按航班计划中的利雅得日期统计航班,即使实际起飞发生在午夜之后也如此。因此,这类数字不能直接视为按日历日期统计的起飞和降落次数。64 67 68
在明确威胁下重新开放
据报道,恢复运营之际,胡塞武装军事发言人叶海亚·萨雷再次发出警告。《中东之眼》报道称,他称哈立德国王国际机场“并不安全”,是“军事目标”。有关警告的报道提到国际、地区和本地航空公司、机场员工及旅客,并敦促他们不要使用该机场。43 45
据报道,这番声明是在周六晚间、重新开放公告前后发布的,但其原始发布时间戳尚未得到认证。得到报道支持的引述措辞是“并不安全”和“军事目标”,而不是“永远不会安全”这一更长的说法。这一警告明确表达了该组织公开宣称的威胁,但不能独立证实机场的安全状况,也不能证明另一次袭击已经发生。43 48 50
胡塞武装声称对10月10日的袭击负责,该袭击发生后机场暂停运营。这一说法并非对袭击的法证解释,也不能独立证明是谁发射了武器。据报道,最初的伤亡统计为12人死亡。BBC随后援引印度驻利雅得大使馆称,一名印度公民于10月11日因伤势不治身亡,使该统计增至13人。15 17
根据BBC报道的航空主管部门数据,最初死亡者包括4名沙特公民、2名孟加拉国人,以及分别来自美国、约旦、巴勒斯坦、叙利亚、苏丹和埃及的各1人。据报道,受伤人数超过300人;详细报道给出的数字为309人,但目前没有经过核实并统一的最终确切伤者总数。18
这些数字不得与我们10月13日的报道混淆。该报道说,在此前一周发生的机场袭击中至少有20人死亡,其中包括一名美国人。这是累计伤亡报告,没有完整的逐起事件统计。后来公布的13人数字仅涉及10月10日的袭击,并不意味着系列袭击的死亡人数减少。《海湾时报》10月14日更新的一篇报道给出的周末袭击死亡人数为14人,但没有说明各起事件分别造成多少人死亡。这些统计口径不同的数字无法确定总体伤亡人数。21
10月11日另有一起事件:一枚身份不明的抛射物击中4号航站楼,随后发生火灾。抛射物的身份和火灾原因仍未查明。1号和2号航站楼重新开放是运营方面的进展,并不能解释4号航站楼发生了什么。16
更大范围的交火情况仍有部分未经核实
沙特阿拉伯还宣布在多个地区拦截来袭武器。CNN阿拉伯语频道10月25日的报道援引联军发言人图尔基·马利基少将称,拦截目标包括10枚射向南部地区的弹道导弹、1枚射向利雅得的弹道导弹、1枚射向哈米斯穆谢特的巡航导弹,以及1架出现在利雅得地区的无人机。这是涉及11枚弹道导弹、1枚巡航导弹和1架无人机的说法,并非12枚弹道导弹。武器拦截结果尚未得到独立核实。59
10月24日的另外一些报道提到,利雅得和哈米斯穆谢特上空有两枚弹道导弹被拦截。报道的时间窗口可能重叠,因此将这些公告相加可能导致重复计算。也无法确定这些拦截行动是否有任何一起对应胡塞武装关于袭击沙特机场和石油设施的说法。56 58
沙特民防部门称,10月25日,两枚被拦截的弹道导弹残骸在哈米斯穆谢特和艾哈德拉菲达造成2人受伤,并损坏3栋住宅楼和7辆汽车。据报道,这些伤亡发生在沙特南部,而非首都机场。该声明没有说明这些残骸是由另行公布的哪一次拦截行动造成的。52 60
在也门,胡塞武装当局指称沙特的空袭击中了萨那的居民区和一家水泥厂。也门通讯社报道称,萨那卫生部给出的初步伤亡数字为10人死亡、11人受伤。这些是有关平民伤亡的指控,并非经独立确认的结论。32
其他报道的统计口径有所重叠,无法得出可靠的合并伤亡总数。《以色列时报》报道的11人死亡是援引胡塞媒体的说法;ABNA报道水泥厂工人宿舍有8人死亡;《黎明报》则报道萨那和荷台达共有16人死亡。部分描述称死者中包括6名妇女和1名儿童。德国之声另行报道了一项说法,称“胡达省”至少有4人死亡,但尚不清楚这里的地名是否指其他报道所用的荷台达或荷台达省。这些数字不能安全地相加。34 38 37 1
对旅客而言,眼下的指引比重新开放的新闻标题更有限:出发前联系航空公司并确认预订。两个航站楼据报恢复使用,确实是值得报道的变化。但要确认商业服务是否可靠地恢复,仍需有可识别的航班、持续运营以及明确的航空公司限制,而不仅仅是获准恢复运营。5
播出原貌 22 行
- Saudi Arabia says two airport terminals reopened, giving airlines permission to return after deadly attacks.
- On October 13, we reported suspended operations and no confirmed reopening. Passengers and airport workers now face a partial restart alongside renewed Houthi threats. How much commercial service has actually returned remains unclear.
- King Khalid International Airport was reported to have reopened two terminals on October 25, after more than two weeks of disruption. Authorities designated Terminal 1 for domestic flights and Terminal 2 for international flights operated by Saudi national carriers.
- The airlines listed in the arrangements include Saudia, Flynas, Flyadeal and Riyadh Air. Passengers were told to confirm their booking status with their airline before travelling to the airport. An airline's inclusion in those arrangements doesn't tell passengers whether their particular flight will operate.
- Authorities can clear a terminal for use, but an airline still has to run its service. An aircraft then has to take off or land. The reported two-terminal restart leaves the number of completed flights unresolved.
- Flight-tracking displays were described as showing little activity on October 25. Sparse tracking alone can't tell us how many aircraft moved. Some descriptions mention a handful of departures, but there's still no clear flight-by-flight total for that day or confirmation of sustained operations on October 26.
- The aviation authority initially put the October 10 attack's death toll at 12. The Indian Embassy later said an Indian national had died of injuries on October 11, bringing that account to 13.
- The initial dead included four Saudi citizens and two Bangladeshis. One person each came from the United States, Jordan, Palestine, Syria, Sudan and Egypt. More than 300 people were injured. Detailed figures gave 309, but the exact injury total remains unsettled.
- On October 13, we reported at least 20 deaths across the preceding week's airport attacks, including an American. The 13 deaths now cited concern the October 10 assault alone. Those figures cover different groups of victims.
- A separate later figure put deaths across the weekend attacks at 14, without explaining each incident's toll. The Houthis claimed responsibility for the assault before the suspension. Nobody has explained how the airport's defenses were breached.
- An unidentified projectile struck Terminal 4 on October 11 and a fire followed. The projectile's identity and the fire's cause remain unexplained. The two terminals designated for the restart are Terminals 1 and 2.
- Houthi military spokesman Yahya Saree called the airport unsafe and a military target in a warning issued around the reopening. He warned international, regional and local airlines, airport employees and travellers against using it.
- The warning makes the group's declared threat explicit. It doesn't tell passengers whether another attack has happened. The renewed fighting has also broken a UN-brokered truce that had largely held since 2022.
- Riyadh's airport is one part of a wider exchange. Houthi authorities allege deadly Saudi strikes in Sana'a. Saudi authorities describe missile debris injuring people in Khamis Mushait and Ahad Rafidah, far from the capital's airport.
- Saudi-led coalition spokesman Turki al-Maliki announced interceptions across several regions on October 25. His breakdown covered ballistic missiles, a cruise missile and a drone. Saudi Arabia says its forces intercepted those weapons.
- The coalition said it intercepted 10 ballistic missiles directed toward the southern region and one toward Riyadh. It also announced one cruise missile toward Khamis Mushait and one drone in the Riyadh region. That makes 11 ballistic missiles in this breakdown.
- Separate October 24 announcements described two ballistic missiles intercepted over Riyadh and Khamis Mushait. The reporting windows may overlap, so adding the announcements could count weapons twice. The Houthis claimed attacks on airports and oil facilities, but which claims match which interceptions remains unclear.
- Saudi Civil Defense said debris from two intercepted ballistic missiles injured two people in Khamis Mushait and Ahad Rafidah. It reported three residential buildings and seven vehicles damaged. Those injuries occurred in southern Saudi Arabia.
- In Yemen, Houthi authorities alleged Saudi strikes hit residential areas and a cement factory in Sana'a. Their preliminary toll was at least 10 killed and 11 wounded. Saudi Arabia hasn't responded specifically to the civilian casualty allegations.
- Houthi media put Sana'a's toll at 11. Eight deaths were also alleged at cement-factory workers' accommodation. A combined toll of 16 was reported for Sana'a and Hodeida. These overlapping allegations haven't been independently confirmed and can't safely be added together.
- Some descriptions included six women and a child among the dead. A separate allegation put at least four deaths in a place called Huda province. Other descriptions use Hodeida or Hodeidah, but it's unclear whether those names refer to the same location.
- Two terminals are now reported reopened, but the scale and continuity of commercial flights remain unclear. Passengers have been instructed to contact their airline and confirm their booking status before travelling to King Khalid International Airport.
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