报道
72,000人越境进入休达,桑切斯承认边境放行10小时
桑切斯承认存在10小时的放行,但否认幕后操纵,以不予指责换取遣返;与此同时死亡人数达141人,抗议蔓延。
译自英文原文。
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西班牙首相走进议会,承认了本国警方早已写在纸面上的事实,随后又否认了这一承认似乎暗示的内容。佩德罗·桑切斯承认,7月下旬摩洛哥宪兵放任人员进入休达约10个小时。13 但他坚称,没有确凿证据表明拉巴特策划了这次人潮涌入。16 他对众议院表示,认为政府知情却无所作为的想法是荒谬的。14 这番话正是整场危机的缩影:承认了长达10小时的放行,否认了幕后操纵,而这个邻国既是见证者,又必须是合作伙伴。
关键事实
按照桑切斯本人给出的数字,截至7月底,共有72,000人进入这块飞地。14 他说,没有人预见到如此规模的涌入。14 这一数字远超西班牙在这道围栏前经历过的任何情况。2021年的那次涌入中,数千人绕过防波堤游泳、趁退潮步行或划充气艇前往塔拉哈尔海滩,通常认为约有8,000人进入,但后来一些报道称接近10,000人,各方来源至今说法不一。6 9 10 今年的规模约为当时的9倍,而且在官方说法中被压缩进单一的放任时段,而非2021年5月那样持续两天的越境。6
这种克制并非出于困惑,而是一项政策。通过拒绝指责摩洛哥,桑切斯确保了约90%越境摩洛哥人被遣返,维持了与该国政府的合作——而据他所说,正是这个政府的边防人员袖手旁观。1 IE大学教授阿拉娜·莫塞里对这一策略给出了最直白的概括:归咎于一个放任时段,而不是东道国,因为拉巴特掌控着遣返,而马德里需要遣返。
务实的国际关系。
人员伤亡如今给这一盘算蒙上阴影。越境事件的死亡人数已升至141人,这一数字是在桑切斯就这次致命越境及摩洛哥被指扮演的角色在议会受到激烈质询时提出的。17 休达自治市主席胡安·赫苏斯·比瓦斯此前曾称100人死亡是一场无法挽回的悲剧,他向欧洲议会表达了深切的哀痛。26 城中仍滞留多少人本身也存在争议。一些报道称仍滞留者接近5,000人,其中包括约1,200名无人陪伴的未成年人,而另有当局称9月初仍有逾10,000人滞留。26 27 比瓦斯此前估计,8月6日仍有3,000至5,000人滞留,其中无人陪伴的未成年人超过1,000名。26 27 9月1日,一大群人聚集在洛马德尔科尔梅纳尔接待中心外等待入内。22
抗议、预警与否认
街头的反应先于议会。数以万计的民众在西班牙各地抗议当局对这次涌入的处置,马德里聚集了大批人群,仅休达一地就至少有20,000人,反对党则呼吁首相辞职。28 23 全国计划举行数百场声援休达的集会,而休达居民在9月2日呼吁保持冷静。25 这一日期在当地意义重大:这块飞地每年9月2日的节日通常不受西班牙本土关注,今年却成为该国记忆中最严重边境危机的背景。28
反对党的指控不止于反应迟缓。议员们声称,西班牙警方和情报部门曾在约80,000人乘卡车抵达的行动发生两天前向政府发出预警,并称摩洛哥警方直接参与其中。桑切斯驳斥这一说法,坚称并无足以预见危机规模的特别预警,并承诺展开调查、公布所有报告,强调没有任何需要隐瞒的事情。12 20 他还否认了另一项警方说法,即摩洛哥煽动了这场危机;他拒绝指责拉巴特,但重申马德里对其北非城市的主权。13 一份西班牙警方报告描述称,在7月下旬的涌入中,摩洛哥警员表现出完全放任的态度,并将移民引向水中。13
从2021年先例到2026年破局
欧洲如今也卷入了这场对峙。欧盟在得到答复之前暂扣援助,欧盟委员会和西班牙籍欧洲议会议员安东尼奥·洛佩斯均参与其中。1 与2021年的相似之处直接而令人不安。当时,一名西撒哈拉独立运动领导人在西班牙住院治疗,成为引发对峙的因素之一;在欧盟及欧洲各国外交部公开和私下呼吁之后,摩洛哥才恢复管控,而西班牙则向塔拉哈尔海滩部署军队巡逻边境,并誓言恢复秩序。5 11 边境恢复管控后,数百名未成年人仍处于不确定状态。2 这一先例表明施压可以奏效,也表明对于这些存在争议的飞地而言,移民管控会多么迅速地演变为外交问题。
象征性举动也随之回归。桑切斯提议国王费利佩六世访问休达和梅利利亚,以重申西班牙对这两座摩洛哥对其地位存有争议的城市的主权。1 在国内,政府称右翼政党正在利用这场危机,而反对党则指责桑切斯抛弃了休达居民。25 他因将危机归咎于贩运团伙和社交媒体而受到批评。14 关于虚假信息,相关报道指出,俄罗斯和以色列放大了有关越境事件的病毒式帖子,但并非其始作俑者;这一说法与最高法院一起涉及贩运网络的虚假信息案件有关,但迄今未获证实。1
未知
- 关于摩洛哥是否下令放行越境,尚无经核实的证据。
- 仍滞留休达的准确人数及其中未成年人的比例。
后续
- 调查证据或欧盟条件是否会打破这种平衡。
- 承诺公布的报告是否会全文公开。
随着2027年选举临近、右翼攻势加剧,政治代价已在显现。1 悬而未决的问题不在于大门是否敞开过——桑切斯说确实如此。问题在于,调查是否会表明有人蓄意打开了大门,以及一位以放弃指责换取遣返的首相能否承受这一答案。
播出原貌 15 行
- Moroccan guards let 72,000 people cross in ten hours.
- Spain's prime minister admits it, but says Morocco did not order it. 141 have died. The question: will evidence show Rabat deliberately opened the gate?
- Seventy-two thousand people entered Ceuta by the end of July — a number the prime minister himself gave to parliament. That is an order of magnitude beyond anything Spain has faced at this border.
- Sánchez stood before the Congress of Deputies and acknowledged what his own police had reported: as tens of thousands pushed into the enclave late last month, Moroccan gendarmes let them pass for about ten hours. He called it absurd to think the government knew and did nothing, and told lawmakers there is no solid proof Rabat planned the rush.
- By declining to accuse Morocco, Sánchez secured the return of roughly 90 percent of the Moroccans who crossed — preserving cooperation with the same government whose guards he says stood aside.
- The restraint is deliberate. Blame a window of permissiveness, not the host, because Rabat controls the returns and Madrid needs them. But the political price is mounting alongside the dead. The death toll has risen to 141 — a figure the prime minister cited in the same session. Ceuta's president, who earlier called 100 deaths an irreparable tragedy, told the European Parliament of his profound sorrow. Tens of thousands protested across Spain, with at least 20,000 in Ceuta alone, and opposition parties are calling for resignation. The Loma del Colmenar reception centre was overwhelmed on 1 September by crowds seeking admission, and the enclave's 2 September holiday — ordinarily ignored by mainland Spain — became the backdrop to the country's worst border crisis in living memory. How many remain is disputed: some reports put it near 5,000, including about 1,200 unaccompanied minors, while separate authorities cite more than 10,000 still stranded in early September.
- The protests spread from Ceuta to Madrid and beyond.
- The accusation goes further. Opposition lawmakers allege Spanish police and intelligence warned the government two days before a movement of roughly 80,000 people arriving by truck, and that Moroccan police were directly involved. Sánchez rejects that claim, has committed to investigate and to publish all reports, insisting there is nothing to hide.
- The 2021 precedent ended with EU pressure and Spanish troops. The 2026 crisis is still unfolding.
- The crisis is testing Europe too. The EU is withholding assistance pending answers, with the European Commission and Spanish MEP Antonio López involved. The parallel to 2021 is direct: then, an influx triggered by the hospital treatment of a Western Sahara leader brought about 8,000 to 10,000 people across in two days — a total authorities still disagree on — before Morocco re-tightened control after public and private pressure from Europe, and Spain sent troops to patrol the beaches. This surge is roughly nine times that scale.
- The 2026 surge is roughly nine times the scale of 2021.
- On disinformation, Russia and Israel amplified, but did not initiate, viral posts about the crossings — a theory linked to a Supreme Court misinformation case involving trafficking networks, but so far unproven. Sánchez also proposed that King Felipe VI visit the disputed enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla — a symbolic reaffirmation of Spanish sovereignty as the government accuses the right of exploiting the crisis.
- The confirmed numbers sit beside a pile of disputed claims — and the single biggest question is still open.
- Five players, one balancing act — and it's already cracking.
- So the answer to whether Morocco deliberately opened the gate is not yet known. The prime minister has promised to publish all reports. Whether the EU turns its withheld assistance into conditions — and whether the inquiry produces evidence of orchestration — will determine whether this balancing act can hold. With a 2027 election horizon and right-wing attacks intensifying, the political cost is already being paid.
来源
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引用来源
- 'Pragmatic international relations: Sánchez seeks to avoid 'further conflict with Rabat'
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译文更新于 2026年9月24日 GMT-5 08:04
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