冲突 · 乌克兰能源设施遭袭持续报道 · 第 1 篇，共 2 篇

俄罗斯袭击致基辅5人死亡，与特朗普的能源停火说法相矛盾

据报告，基辅死亡人数达到5人、受伤人数为36人；泽连斯基则估计，全乌克兰至少有600,000人断电。双方均未确认特朗普宣布的能源停火。

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完整报道
  1. 第 1 次更新俄罗斯袭击致基辅5人死亡，与特朗普的能源停火说法相矛盾当前位置
  2. 第 2 次更新俄罗斯再次袭击能源设施，基辅电力恢复进程遭逆转较新

唐纳德·特朗普称，俄罗斯与乌克兰之间的能源停火于10月11日立即生效。三天后，乌克兰方面报告称，电力基础设施受损、公寓起火，至少600,000人断电。两者之间的矛盾十分明显——但这与其说是对经核实的双边条款遭到违反的证明，不如说是对特朗普这一说法的否定。两国均未确认他声称已经生效的协议。48 51 2

据《乌克兰真理报》11:50发布的最新、得到支持的全市范围报告（引述警方和检察官），10月13日晚及14日凌晨，俄罗斯导弹和无人机袭击在基辅造成5人死亡、36人受伤。这些仍是持续更新中的数字，并非最终统计。基辅周边地区和哈尔科夫的能源基础设施也遭到袭击。80 12

关键事实

  1. 5基辅报告死亡人数；统计尚未完成 80
  2. 36基辅报告受伤人数 80
  3. 至少600,000泽连斯基估计全乌克兰断电人数 227

10月8日，我们报道了俄罗斯在乌克兰各地发动的致命袭击，其中包括普里卢基一栋公寓楼被摧毁。这是一次新的袭击，伤亡情况也与此前分开统计。上周的死亡人数不应计入此次袭击的伤亡总数。

燃烧的大楼，仍在变化的伤亡数字

这场联合袭击于10月13日基辅时间约18:00开始，并持续至次日凌晨。首轮导弹袭击约于22:40抵达基辅。一枚导弹击中杰斯尼扬斯基区一栋9层住宅楼，公寓起火，楼上居民被迫撤离。首轮袭击的大致抵达时间，并非该栋大楼遭击中的独立核实时间。据报道，一处仓库起火；早期消息称，一处遭袭的电力设施是基辅4号热电联产厂。87 123 192

随着遗体被发现、伤情得到记录，伤亡人数不断上升。00:29发布的一份初步、针对该栋大楼的更新记录了1人死亡、13人受伤。随后一份杰斯尼扬斯基区的早期报告称有2人死亡、21人受伤，其中16人住院、4人伤势严重。之后，霍洛西伊夫斯基区一栋非住宅建筑内的一人死亡，使基辅早期报告的死亡人数升至3人。这些是先后发布且部分仅涉及特定城区的统计截面，不应相加。192 84 81 83

BBC最初援引紧急服务部门的消息称，至少3人死亡、21人受伤。这一数字已被后续数据取代。基辅警方08:15发布的更新称，全市3人死亡、32人受伤；之后一份引述警方和检察官的报告则将数字更新为5人死亡、36人受伤。其他中间报告给出的数字组合各不相同，但若从一份报告中挑选死亡人数、再从另一份中挑选受伤人数，就会拼凑出一个任何部门都未公布过的伤亡总数。1 78 80

一些细节仍未能厘清。警方报告称，杰斯尼扬斯基区有25人受伤，而检察官08:50发布的统计为19人受伤，并称该区有3名女性遇难。警方及早期与市长有关的消息称，一名受伤女孩8岁；检察官则称她7岁，手臂有割伤和烧伤。年龄说法不同，并不能证明有两名儿童受伤。78 84 80

灭火、救援和现场清理工作持续至上午。目前没有经核实的声明确认搜寻已经结束，也没有最终失踪人数。警方还记录了车辆、一间办公室、一家咖啡馆、一座图书馆、一座体育场和一所学校，以及住宅楼遭到损坏。该楼的街道地址、被摧毁公寓的数量和确切结构损坏情况均未确定。78 80 192

停电何时恢复，暂无时间表

全国停电人数估计来自总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基10月14日的声明。其英文表述统计的是人数——不是家庭、用户账户或单独的停电事件——而且这个数字并非仅限于基辅。他警告说，停电范围可能进一步扩大。这是对当时中断情况的记录，并非影响范围的上限。2 27

泽连斯基称，电力系统的26处设施和油气领域的4处设施及设备遭受重大损坏。这意味着共有30处能源相关设施，而非30座发电站。这个数字并不能说明损失了多少发电能力，也不能说明有多少处设施被摧毁。27

总理谢尔希·科列茨基称，基辅的3座市政热电联产厂均遭到攻击和袭击。这些电厂生产电力和热能。他还称，哈尔科夫及周边地区的能源设施，以及基辅州为首都和中部地区供能的基础设施也遭到袭击。目前没有逐厂评估能够证实各厂遭受了同等程度的损坏、全部被摧毁或何时修复。98 102

达尔尼茨基区、第聂伯罗夫斯基区、佩切尔斯基区、索洛米扬斯基区及霍洛西伊夫斯基区部分地区受到紧急停电影响。在受影响地区，紧急限电取代了常规稳定供电时段安排：居民无法再依靠熟悉的时间表可靠地判断何时恢复供电。多个地区也实施或延续了家庭用电时段限制和工业用电限制；交通方面则报告了限制措施，但尚无完整的服务影响评估。73 69 4

能源工作人员正在修复损坏，但目前没有经核实的数据说明此次袭击后有多少人恢复供电、恢复供电的百分比或确切完成时间。其他袭击发生后，此前曾恢复供电的情况，不能作为此次停电已经解决的证据。73 70

防空系统拦截了什么，又漏掉了什么

乌克兰空军统计，此次联合袭击共涉及39枚导弹和128架无人机，并非仅针对基辅。空军的说法称，数种型号的导弹以弹道轨迹飞来；泽连斯基则称其为弹道导弹。无人机总数包括攻击型无人机和诱饵。报告称，防御系统击落或压制了4枚导弹和115架无人机。压制不一定意味着将其物理摧毁，另有一些导弹未能抵达目标。86 87 89

另一个薄弱环节是首轮导弹袭击前，合作伙伴没有发出预警。泽连斯基批评了这一失误，并说：“合作伙伴再次没有提供早期预警。”但随后空军的澄清范围较窄，并非整晚都没有预警：发言人尤里·伊格纳特上校称，合作伙伴对随后三轮导弹袭击发出了预警。乌克兰系统在首轮导弹接近时探测到了它们。191 123 187

首轮预警失误的原因仍不清楚。这并不能证明情报共享遭到蓄意中断。官员仍称情报共享在持续进行，期间讨论过技术问题，美国也否认曾中断共享。预警缺失本身就影响重大，无需将其说成未经证实的解释。190 194

宣布不等于达成协议

俄罗斯与乌克兰之间的战争中，能源停火立即生效。双方均已同意。不得破坏停火！

唐纳德·特朗普 48

特朗普10月11日的声明措辞斩钉截铁，并称停火立即生效。没有公布详细条款、固定结束日期或执行机制，也没有确立经双方确认的双边协议。泽连斯基称这一宣布对他来说“是个消息”，并表示愿意达成互惠安排：如果俄罗斯停止袭击乌克兰能源和关键基础设施，乌克兰也将停止袭击俄罗斯能源基础设施。表示愿意并不等于确认协议已经生效；俄罗斯尚未确认接受。48 51 57

10月13日至14日的袭击击中了特朗普称停火协议将保护的那类基础设施。这削弱了“能源停火已在执行”的说法。称其违反了约定条款，就意味着存在经确认的协议，而相关报道并未证实这一点。

对居民而言，实际检验标准则不那么模糊：家园是否安全、伤者能否康复，以及电力能否恢复。最终伤亡统计、发电厂的确切受损情况、恢复供电时间表以及首轮袭击前未能预警的原因，仍未有定论。是否存在任何停止能源袭击的实际互惠协议，同样没有定论。特朗普的一纸宣布并未回答这些问题。

本报道所依据的来源

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播出原貌 29 行
  1. On October 8 we reported Pryluky’s destroyed apartment block. Now Russian strikes have killed five people in Kyiv.
  2. President Volodymyr Zelenskyy says at least 600,000 people across Ukraine are without electricity. Homes and energy infrastructure have been hit, three days after Donald Trump announced an immediate energy ceasefire. What protection does that announcement offer while the strikes continue?
  3. Russian missiles and drones hit Kyiv, its surrounding region and Kharkiv. The five deaths belong to this new evening-and-overnight assault. The casualties from the earlier attacks, including Pryluky, belong to last week’s toll.
  4. A missile set apartments ablaze in a nine-storey residential building in Kyiv’s Desnianskyi district. Residents on the upper floors were evacuated. A warehouse was also reported burning, and a key power facility was hit.
  5. Early accounts identified that power facility as Kyiv’s combined heat-and-power plant Number Four. These plants produce electricity and heat. The assault began around six in the evening on October 13 and continued into the early morning of October 14.
  6. The first missile wave reached Kyiv at about twenty to eleven that night. That gives the wave’s approximate arrival, rather than an exact impact time for the apartment building. Firefighting, rescue work and clearance continued into the morning.
  7. The emergency service’s early tally was at least three dead and 21 injured. Police later counted three dead and 32 injured. By late morning, the reported total, drawing on police and prosecutors, reached five dead and 36 injured. It’s still developing.
  8. Rescuers found another body in the damaged apartment building as the death toll rose. An early building-specific update had counted one death and 13 injuries. A later Desnianskyi update counted two deaths and 21 injuries, with 16 people hospitalized and four in serious condition.
  9. Prosecutors later counted three women killed and 19 people injured in Desnianskyi. Police had counted 25 injuries there earlier. Nobody has explained that difference. Those are overlapping district snapshots, so adding them would count some people twice.
  10. In Holosiivskyi district, a death in a non-residential building initially brought Kyiv’s total to three. Later information put that district’s deaths at two. Other updates carried four deaths with 25 or 27 injuries. They were intermediate snapshots, before the latest five-death total.
  11. A girl was injured in Desnianskyi. Early police and mayor-related accounts said she was eight. Prosecutors later said seven, describing cuts and burns to an arm. Her reported age still differs between those accounts.
  12. Police also documented damage to vehicles, an office, a café, a library, a stadium and a school, alongside residential buildings. The harm extends beyond the burning apartments and the electricity network.
  13. Zelenskyy says at least 600,000 people across Ukraine are without power. That’s his nationwide estimate of people affected. He warned that outages could spread further as the consequences of the damage unfold.
  14. The energy damage reaches beyond Kyiv. Zelenskyy described significant damage to facilities and equipment at 26 power-system sites and four oil-and-gas sites. Together, that’s 30 energy-related facilities, covering different parts of the energy system.
  15. Prime Minister Sergii Koretskyi says all three of Kyiv’s municipal combined heat-and-power plants were struck. He also described hits around Kharkiv and on infrastructure in the Kyiv region that supplies the capital and central regions.
  16. DTEK introduced emergency electricity cuts in Darnytskyi, Dniprovskyi, Pecherskyi and Solomianskyi districts, and part of Holosiivskyi. In affected areas, emergency restrictions displaced the ordinary stabilization schedules. A planned timetable no longer guaranteed when the lights would come back.
  17. Ukrenergo also implemented or continued hourly household restrictions and industrial limits in several regions. The household limits covered between half a scheduling group and two groups. Those categories determine which consumers face restrictions. Transport restrictions were reported too.
  18. Russia launched 39 missiles and 128 drones across the combined attack, Ukraine’s Air Force says. Those totals cover the whole assault, with Kyiv, the Kyiv region and Kharkiv among its main directions.
  19. The Air Force says it shot down or suppressed four missiles and 115 drones. That makes 119 targets neutralized. Suppression can stop a weapon without physically destroying it, and the Air Force says some other missiles didn’t reach their targets.
  20. The missiles included Iskander-M, KN-23, S-400, Zircon and Oniks types. The Air Force described them approaching on ballistic trajectories. Zelenskyy called the 39 ballistic missiles. Launch areas included Russia’s Kursk, Bryansk, Voronezh and Rostov regions.
  21. The drone force included Shahed variants, other attack drones and decoys. Within the overall drone totals, 77 were jet-powered, and 59 jet-powered drones were shot down or suppressed. These are subsets of the attack-wide figures.
  22. The Air Force recorded impacts at 22 locations and intercepted-target debris at eight locations. Those categories may overlap. They describe where weapons or debris landed across the assault.
  23. Ukraine received no partner warning for the first missile wave. Air Force spokesperson Colonel Yurii Ihnat says partners did warn about the next three waves. Ukrainian systems detected the initial missiles as they approached.
  24. Zelenskyy criticized the missing warning, saying, “Once again, no early warning from our partners.” Officials described intelligence sharing as continuing while technical problems were discussed, and the United States denied a cutoff. The cause of that first-wave warning failure is still unclear.
  25. Russia’s defence ministry says the communications and energy facilities served Ukraine’s armed forces and military industry. It named four power plants around Kyiv and two in Kharkiv among its targets. That military-use claim hasn’t been confirmed.
  26. Russia’s target list covers plants around Kyiv, while Koretskyi described the city’s three municipal plants. Those counts cover different categories. The residential impacts remain part of the attack’s consequences, whatever military role Russia claims for the energy facilities.
  27. Trump announced on October 11 that an energy ceasefire was effective immediately. He said, “Both parties have agreed. Do not break it!” Three days later, Russian strikes hit the energy infrastructure that announcement claimed to protect.
  28. Zelenskyy called the announcement “news for me.” He said Ukraine was ready to stop attacking Russian energy infrastructure if Russia stopped attacking Ukrainian energy and critical infrastructure. Russia hadn’t confirmed acceptance, and Ukraine hadn’t confirmed that an agreement was already in force.
  29. The strikes contradict Trump’s claim that a working energy ceasefire was already in place. A reciprocal agreement still needs confirmation from the countries fighting. Meanwhile, energy workers are repairing the damage, and nobody has given a firm completion time for restoring electricity after this attack.

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