司法 · 派克死刑执行的后续持续报道 · 第 3 篇，共 4 篇

当审查人曾参与制定规则,谁来审查一次失败的死刑执行?

田纳西州的监狱负责人即将离任,一名前联邦检察官正在展开调查。据其律师称,克丽斯塔·派克仍处于昏迷,而州政府对几乎其他所有问题都没有回答。

播出 文字 阅读需 8 分钟227 个来源

通过 RSS 关注

原语言视频

文字实录 · 正在加载

译自英文原文。

持续报道第 13 天

4 篇报道129 家媒体301 个来源92 个视频

完整报道
  1. 第 1 次更新克里斯塔·派克的处决被叫停；田纳西州请求最高法院解除暂缓令
  2. 第 2 次更新两剂药物，一场失败的死刑执行：派克幸存后田纳西州暂停死刑执行
  3. 第 3 次更新当审查人曾参与制定规则,谁来审查一次失败的死刑执行?当前位置
  4. 第 4 次更新克里斯塔·派克已经醒来。田纳西州能否再次尝试对她执行死刑？较新

自上次报道以来的变化

4 天后

当时

两剂药物，一场失败的死刑执行：派克幸存后田纳西州暂停死刑执行

现在

田纳西州的监狱负责人即将离任,一名前联邦检察官正在展开调查。据其律师称,克丽斯塔·派克仍处于昏迷,而州政府对几乎其他所有问题都没有回答。

新的进展

  • 派克的律师告诉法院,她已插管,处于昏迷状态并使用呼吸机。
  • 斯特拉达宣布将于月底辞职;斯坦顿被任命主持审查。
  • 费雷尔(Ferrell)说派克的病情没有变化,他认为她还没有醒来。

当调查者早先的工作催生了出问题的程序时,由谁来调查一次失败的死刑执行?田纳西州如今把这个问题摆上了台面。10月3日(周六),州长比尔·李(Bill Lee)任命前联邦检察官埃德·斯坦顿(Ed Stanton)主持对克丽斯塔·派克(Christa Pike)未遂死刑执行的独立审查。斯坦顿还曾主持该州2022年对注射死刑的审查。那次审查发现田纳西州没有遵循某些程序,并促成了如今正受审视的执行规程 5。

我们在10月2日最后一次报道时称,派克在两剂戊巴比妥注射后存活,她的律师称其病情危重,李已暂停2026年余下时间的所有死刑执行,并下令由第三方进行审查,但未指明审查人。四天过去,审查人已经确定,有人辞职,医疗状况的描述也更为严重。州政府仍未公布医疗进展、医院名称或执行记录,因此关于派克病情的几乎所有信息都来自她的律师。

关键事实

  1. 2已注射的戊巴比妥整支注射器数量 18
  2. 7+根据律师说法,左臂上用针数 1821
  3. 2田纳西州今年失败的死刑执行次数 1226

派克的现状

律师方面的说法更加明确。在10月2日的一份法庭文件中,他们称派克已插管,处于昏迷状态,并在纳什维尔地区一家医院使用呼吸机 220。周日,她的律师斯蒂芬·费雷尔(Stephen Ferrell)对CNN表示,她的病情没有变化,预后不明。他说他认为她尚未恢复意识,医生正设法将两剂戊巴比妥从她体内清除 9。她的病房有执法人员全天候看守,是否存在脑损伤尚不清楚 5。

这用具体的说法取代了“危重”:据其律师称,她昏迷并使用呼吸机至少已有数天。但这仍然只是他们的说法。没有任何临床医生或州政府官员公开说过这一点。

审查与辞职

在任命斯坦顿的同时,惩教局长弗兰克·斯特拉达(Frank Strada)宣布将于10月底辞职。路透社将其姓名拼作Strader,但CBS和ABC使用Strada,我们沿用后者 1156。斯特拉达说,该部门遵循了既定规程,但在审查进行期间辞职符合田纳西人民的最佳利益。派克的律师称这次辞职是理所应当的,但表示它“对克丽斯塔现在毫无帮助” 219220。将任命一名临时局长,永久继任者可能要由下一任州长决定。

所述的审查范围很窄。斯坦顿需要确定惩教部门是否遵循了规程、派克是如何存活下来的,以及是否需要更多建议,以使该规程“继续合法且有效” 5212。目前没有给出截止日期或报告日期。李表示,审查将需要多长时间就用多长时间,他也没有在1月中旬卸任前完成的时间表 5。

斯坦顿的资历确实过硬,但这一结构有些别扭。询问规程是否被遵循的审查,多半会依据事实作答。询问规程是否充分的审查,则要求其作者评判自己早先的建议。记录中没有任何内容表明斯坦顿无法公正地做到这一点,我们也无意暗示他做不到。但这里的“独立”指的是独立于惩教部门,而不是独立于该部门所执行的政策。在任何调查结果出炉之前,州政府还已经为自己的工作人员做了辩护:它称自己遵循了规程 20。而遵循规程,并不等于证明规程有效。

这次执行尝试是什么样子

派克的律师称,执行团队花了大约一小时试图建立静脉通路,仅在她左臂上就至少用了七根针 2123。律师兰迪·斯派维(Randy Spivey)说他数过针数,其中一根被弄弯了 18。一份法庭文件称,派克曾一度向团队指出一处可能找到血管的位置 220。现场一名记者说,7点34分她抱怨手臂感觉快要胀破了 24。她曾提醒官员抽血有困难,并患有血小板疾病——血小板增多症,她的律师在早先对外周静脉通路的质疑中曾援引这一点 30。

第二支注射器推入后,目击者说她似乎失去了意识,但仍在呼吸并打鼾 16。另一些人描述了粗重的呼吸、哽咽和呻吟,并称在第一次注射约一小时后发现她有心跳 18。报道过近500次死刑执行的迈克尔·格拉齐克(Michael Graczyk)说,他从未见过注射药物后执行失败的情况 15。打鼾是目击者听到的声音,并不能证明她毫无感觉。

关于时间的说法互相矛盾,我们两种说法都保留。一名记者称帷幕在7点46分拉上,三分钟后重新拉开 24。BBC转述目击记者的报道称,帷幕在8点05分拉上且一直未再打开,目击者等了近一小时,而通常只需10至15分钟 2。两者可能指的是不同的拉帷幕时刻。目前没有公布带时间戳的记录来澄清此事。

原因尚未查明。辩方聘请的一名麻醉师(未检查过派克)称,静脉管路失效是最可能的解释,药物可能进入了周围组织 27。这只是一种假设,药物是否进入了她的血液循环尚不得而知 23。据报道,该规程规定备有第二组注射器,而据美联社经BBC转述,对于第二组之后囚犯仍然存活的情形,规程没有任何规定 15。福克斯的乔希·里特(Josh Ritter)也这样说 10。据报道,田纳西州还花了约50万美元试图获取戊巴比妥,这一数字我们无法独立核实 32。

从执行尝试到审查

  1. 9月30日,周三

    田纳西州试图对派克执行注射死刑;注射了两剂药物,她存活下来。

    19
  2. 10月1日,周四

    李暂停2026年余下时间的死刑执行,并下令由第三方审查;未指明审查人。

    33
  3. 10月2日,周五

    派克的律师告诉法院,她已插管,处于昏迷状态并使用呼吸机。

    220
  4. 10月3日,周六

    斯特拉达宣布将于月底辞职;斯坦顿被任命主持审查。

    5
  5. 10月4日,周日

    费雷尔(Ferrell)说派克的病情没有变化,他认为她还没有醒来。

    9

暂停会持续多久

我们的消息来源说法不一。NPR在10月2日的一份新闻简报称,李暂停死刑执行至其任期结束 1。CBS在10月5日称,他将暂停今年余下时间的所有死刑执行 5。具体命令涵盖2026年:李取消了今年唯一另一场已排定的死刑执行,即加里·韦恩·萨顿(Gary Wayne Sutton)原定12月3日的执行 5。我们没有找到任何文件确立任期余下时间内的正式暂停。李曾表示,在官员弄清出了什么问题之前,他任内不会执行任何死刑,这在实践中意味着在审查报告出来之前,这个问题悬而未决。

同一份NPR简报把这次执行尝试称为10月30日周三。这是错误的。它发生在9月30日周三 19。

萨顿因1992年谋杀汤米·格里芬(Tommy Griffin)和康妮·布拉姆(Connie Brham)被定罪,目前处境未定。他的律师称他有智力障碍,并主张这使其不得被处决,正请求法官审理这一主张。朋友卡罗琳·米勒(Carolyn Miller)说他是无辜的,并对暂停执行感到宽慰。这只是她个人的看法 3。这是田纳西州今年第二次失败的死刑执行。5月的一次执行尝试因官员无法建立备用静脉管路而中止 12。

派克的律师想要什么

李在9月28日拒绝了赦免请求。执行失败后,她的律师请求他将其刑罚减为无期徒刑,他尚未公开回应 5。她的刑罚在法律上仍然有效,也没有新的日期 10。她的律师可能会主张,她的状况使她无法理解为何要被处决 7。田纳西州是否再次尝试、以何种方式尝试,尚未决定。共和党州长候选人、参议员玛莎·布莱克本(Marsha Blackburn)希望恢复电椅,这需要修改法律。她的民主党对手杰里·格林(Jerri Green)希望废除死刑 416。

已知

  • 斯坦顿于10月3日被任命主持审查;斯特拉达10月底离任;死刑执行暂停至2026年底。 5
  • 派克的律师10月4日表示,她的预后不明,医生正设法将药物从她体内清除,他认为她尚未恢复意识。 9
  • 据报道,该规程允许两次尝试,她的刑罚在法律上仍然有效。 10

未知

  • 派克是否会醒来、她受了哪些伤,以及是否有州方临床医生会确认她的病情。
  • 失败的原因是什么,以及药物是否进入了她的血液循环。
  • 斯坦顿何时提交报告,调查结果是否会公开。
  • 暂停是只持续到2026年,还是持续到李任期结束。

后续

  • 斯特拉达的辞职于10月底生效,将任命一名临时局长。
  • 李是否会在其任期于1月中旬结束前回应减刑请求。
  • 萨顿的智力障碍主张能否获得听证。
播出原貌 15 行
  1. On October 2 we reported Christa Pike was critical; she remains unconscious on a ventilator.
  2. Tennessee's failed attempt to execute her is now forcing out its prison chief and has shut down every execution scheduled this year. The state has released no medical update, no hospital name and no execution log, so nearly everything known about her condition comes from her lawyers. What nobody can yet say is whether she wakes, what went wrong in the death chamber, and whether Tennessee will ever try again.
  3. Pike, 50, has not recovered. Her lawyers told a court on October 2 that she was intubated and unconscious, with both arms swollen, burned and blistered when she reached the hospital. On Sunday her lawyer Stephen Ferrell said her condition was unchanged and her prognosis unknown, that he did not believe she had regained consciousness, and that doctors were trying to clear the two doses of pentobarbital from her body. A day later he said it was unclear whether she would wake. Her room is under law enforcement guard around the clock, and any brain damage is unknown.
  4. At least seven needles went into her left arm alone, her lawyers say, over about an hour of trying to establish an IV. Lawyer Randy Spivey says he counted them, and that one came out bent at a ninety-degree angle. A court filing says Pike herself pointed the team to a spot where they might find a vein. A reporter in the room heard her say at 7:34 that her arm felt as if it would burst. She had warned officials of difficulty with blood draws and has a platelet disorder, thrombocytosis.
  5. Then came two full syringes of pentobarbital, and she kept breathing. Witnesses say that after the second she appeared unconscious but kept snoring, with ragged breathing, choking and moaning, and about an hour after the first injection she was found to have a heartbeat. Timing accounts conflict: one has the curtains closing at 7:46 and reopening three minutes later; another has them closing at 8:05 and staying shut, with witnesses waiting almost an hour against the usual ten to fifteen minutes. Michael Graczyk, who has covered nearly 500 executions, says he never saw one fail after the drugs were given. Snoring is a sound witnesses heard, not proof she felt no pain.
  6. Why it failed is not established. A defense anesthesiologist who never examined Pike calls failed IV lines the likeliest explanation, with the drug possibly entering surrounding tissue; that is a hypothesis, and whether the drug reached her bloodstream is unknown. The Department of Correction says it followed protocol. The protocol allows two attempts and is silent on what happens after a second failure. The state reportedly spent about $500,000 trying to acquire pentobarbital, a figure not independently verified.
  7. The man now reviewing the failure led the review that produced the protocol under examination. Former U.S. Attorney Ed Stanton, who served the Western District of Tennessee from 2010 to 2017, was named October 3 to determine whether the Department of Correction followed that protocol, how Pike survived, and whether more recommendations are needed so it stays lawful and effective. His 2022 review found Tennessee was not following certain procedures. No deadline or report date has been given, and Governor Bill Lee has said he has no timeline for finishing before he leaves office in mid-January.
  8. That same Saturday, Lee announced Corrections Commissioner Frank Strada will resign at the end of October. Strada says he still believes the department followed established protocol, but that stepping aside is in the best interest of Tennesseans while the review proceeds. Pike's lawyers called the resignation justified but said it does nothing to help Christa now. An interim commissioner is to be named, and the permanent successor may fall to the next governor.
  9. The pause on executions has one concrete limit: the end of 2026. Lee cancelled the only other execution scheduled this year, Gary Wayne Sutton's on December 3. One account says the pause lasts the remainder of Lee's term, others say the rest of the year, and no formal term-long halt has been documented. Lee says no executions will happen under his watch until officials understand what went wrong, which in practice leaves it open until the review finishes.
  10. Sutton, convicted of the 1992 murders of Tommy Griffin and Connie Brham, is in limbo. His attorneys say he is intellectually disabled, which they argue bars his execution, and are asking a judge to hear it. A friend says he is innocent and relieved by the halt; that is her view only. Tony Carruthers, whose May attempt was halted when officials could not establish a backup IV line, already holds a reprieve into May 2027, which makes Pike's Tennessee's second failed execution this year.
  11. Lee denied Pike clemency on September 28 and said he would not intervene. Since the failure, her lawyers have asked him to commute her sentence to life in prison, and he has not responded publicly. Her sentence remains legally in force, no new date exists, and her lawyers may argue her condition leaves her unable to understand why she would be executed. Legal commentator John Yoo argues the state should find the fault and give her time to recover, and could fix its system or change method; he rejects the idea that a botched attempt invalidates the sentence.
  12. Pike was 18 when 19-year-old Colleen Slemmer was killed in Knoxville in 1995. She was sentenced to death in 1996 and has spent 30 years in prison, 20 of them in solitary. Her lawyers cite severe childhood sexual abuse and mental-health diagnoses as mitigation that was inadequately weighed; those are defense arguments, not court findings. Slemmer's mother, May Martinez, supported the sentence and says she is devastated the execution failed.
  13. The governor's race is already absorbing it. Senator Marsha Blackburn, the Republican candidate, says Tennessee should bring back the electric chair, which would need a change in law. Her Democratic opponent, Jerri Green, wants to abolish the death penalty.
  14. Nationally, the US executed 47 people last year, the most since 2009, including 19 in Florida, three by firing squad and five by nitrogen. Public support for the death penalty has fallen to 52 percent from 80 percent in 1993. Since 1982 there have been 64 botched executions on record, 51 of them lethal injections, among 1,683 executions since 1976. The drug problem traces to about 2010, when European manufacturers withdrew execution drugs and states turned to compounding pharmacies, loans between states and new drug combinations.
  15. None of the central questions has an answer yet. Whether Pike wakes, and what injuries she has; what caused the failure; when Stanton reports; whether Lee commutes her sentence; whether Tennessee tries again, and by what method; and who replaces Strada all remain open. The next fixed date is the end of October, when Strada leaves.

来源

227 个来源106 家媒体59 个视频8 篇通稿

来源地图

追溯本篇报道的依据。图谱展示其关联；下方链接可打开本文引用的来源。

来源图谱将在您阅读时加载。

探索完整的新闻编辑室图谱 ↗

译文更新于

修订记录

  1. r1首次发布。