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若双方在星期二前都不让步,将会怎样?

美国50%关税已于8月22日生效,谈判破裂,渥太华276亿加元的回应将于星期二落地,且未安排任何谈判。

译自英文原文。

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当关税截止日期确定无疑、谈判已经破裂,而两国首都都不打算先让步时,该怎么办?这正是加拿大和美国在9月8日星期二前夕面临的问题。届时,渥太华对价值276亿加元的美国进口商品征收的对等反制关税将生效,而双方尚未安排新的谈判。31 22 正式谈判于前一天深夜破裂后,华盛顿于2026年8月22日凌晨12:01开始对大批加拿大产品征收50%的关税,局势升级由此成为定局。26

从公告到报复

  1. 2026年7月20日

    特朗普签署三项涉及加拿大贸易的第338条公告。

    26
  2. 2026年7月24日

    另一项10%的强迫劳动关税生效。

    26
  3. 2026年8月21日

    加美正式贸易谈判于当晚深夜破裂。

    26
  4. 2026年8月22日

    美国对550多个税目征收的50%关税于凌晨12:01生效。

    26
  5. 2026年9月3日

    特朗普在Truth Social发文警告卡尼总理。

    2
  6. 2026年9月8日

    加拿大对276亿加元美国进口商品的反制关税生效。

    31

9月3日星期四,唐纳德·特朗普总统在Truth Social上直接针对马克·卡尼总理发文,言辞趋于尖锐。2 经核实的措辞在所有报道中都截断于同一处,内容为:“像卡尼总理这样的加拿大政客把唐纳德·J·特朗普总统当作‘敌人’,这很好,直到他们的经济崩溃,那时就会证明这对政治非常不利——比任何……都更糟”2 3 该帖文明确以经济崩溃相威胁,并警告卡尼将面临严重的政治后果,但并未使用“拖延”一词。2 所谓特朗普指责卡尼出于政治原因拖延谈判的说法,是对帖文的定性描述,而非引自帖文本身。1

像卡尼总理这样的加拿大政客把唐纳德·J·特朗普总统当作‘敌人’,这很好,直到他们的经济崩溃,那时就会证明这对政治非常不利——比任何……都更糟

唐纳德·J·特朗普 2

9月8日之所以已无法避免,是因为8月21日的谈判破裂。26 两国首都对谈判破裂的原因说法不一,而这一分歧至关重要,因为双方都以此为下一轮关税辩护。25 卡尼暂停了谈判,称美国新征的高额关税是“误判”,并誓言加拿大将以对等金额予以回应。24 他还指出,在木材关税上的分歧是导致谈判破裂的另一个因素,而美国商务部长霍华德·卢特尼克则将失败归咎于加拿大的政治。25 1 截至9月5日,在报复措施生效前没有恢复谈判的计划,加美贸易部长多米尼克·勒布朗告诉商界领袖,劳动节长周末期间未安排任何谈判。22 外界认为,过早恢复谈判可能会招致华盛顿加征更多关税。22

真正挤压贸易的是50%这一税率。26 该关税依据1930年《关税法》第338条,通过2026年7月20日签署的第11046、11047和11048号公告实施,针对加拿大对美国酒精饮料、乳制品和机动车的待遇。26 这些关税适用于550多个《协调关税表》子目,涵盖化学品、预制食品和饮料、塑料、金属制品、机械、化妆品、木材、冰球杆、建筑材料、烈酒及部分服装。28 29 另一项与美国贸易代表办公室强迫劳动调查结论相关的10%关税自7月24日起实施,加拿大被列入60个经济体之中。26 在本轮关税中,钢铁、铝、汽车、乳制品或木材作为单独类别并无经单独核实的数据。26

关键事实

  1. 50%美国对550多个加拿大商品税目征收的关税 26
  2. 276亿加元加拿大将于9月8日实施的反制关税 31
  3. 313节车厢Via铁路加拿大制造订单,含25节观景车厢 12

渥太华在国内构筑对冲

渥太华将以对等方式回应,对价值276亿加元的美国进口商品征收15%、25%和50%的关税,这些商品选自受美国第338条和第232条关税影响的产品,每项加拿大税率均与美国税率相对应,自9月8日起生效。31 23 卡尼留有余地,表示只要美国准备好,加拿大随时愿意达成互利协议,同时驳斥了美方关于他为国内政治利益而退出谈判的说法。1 交通部长史蒂文·麦金农在渥太华阐明了政府的底线:加拿大只会签署正确的协议,而非任何协议,并将专注于建设国内产能和实现市场多元化。1

这一对冲如今有了钢铁车轮。在特朗普发帖的同一天,卡尼宣布了Via铁路史上最大的一笔投资:与阿尔斯通加拿大公司签订价值47亿加元的合同,采购313节新客车车厢,其中包括25节观景车厢,全部依据联邦“购买加拿大货”政策在安大略省和魁北克省使用加拿大钢材制造,将在桑德贝和魁北克支撑约700个就业岗位。12 1 这是四十年来Via铁路客车车厢首次完全在加拿大制造。15 13 这一象征意义十分鲜明,因为承接该项目的桑德贝工厂今年春天裁减了约200名有工会身份的制造业工人。20

麦金农也承认,他所押注的铁路存在延误问题。1 加拿大Via铁路公司2025年的准点率为35%,他将此归咎于Via所依赖的、由加拿大国家铁路公司(CN)拥有的共用货运轨道,并表示已要求CN与Via就改善服务进行协商。1 这一承认之所以重要,是因为渥太华正要求选民忍受关税之痛以换取长期运力,而无法准点运行的运力很难让人买账。

在边境以南,政治代价更为明显。节目中援引的民调(通过安格斯·里德研究所所长沙希·库尔提及)显示,特朗普的全国支持率为34%,约20%的美国人不知道对加拿大关税的存在,约20%支持这场贸易战。1 缅因州共和党参议员苏珊·柯林斯已与特朗普决裂,批评这些关税在未征询边境各州意见的情况下实施,并指出其损害了缅因州产业。1 加利福尼亚州州长加文·纽森警告称,这些关税可能在特朗普任期结束后依然存在。1 小组成员就加拿大多数民众是否支持放弃一份糟糕的协议展开辩论,但美国的数据表明,华盛顿是在公众知晓度狭窄——更遑论支持——的基础上升级局势。1

已知

  • 根据第338条公告,美国对550多个税目征收的50%关税已于8月22日生效。 26
  • 加拿大276亿加元的反制关税于9月8日生效,目前未安排任何谈判。 31
  • 特朗普9月3日的帖文以经济崩溃相威胁,但并未提及“拖延”。 2

未知

  • 特朗普帖文在截断处之后的完整内容尚未得到核实。
  • 对于最终导致8月21日谈判破裂的原因,目前没有一致的说法。

后续

  • 9月8日后华盛顿是否会接受卡尼提出的达成互利协议的提议。
  • 报复措施会招致美国加征更多关税,还是迫使双方重回谈判桌。
播出原貌 9 行
  1. Canada's dollar-for-dollar counter-tariffs on $27.6 billion of U.S. goods take effect Tuesday.
  2. That is the latest round in a trade war already costing both sides billions. U.S. tariffs of fifty percent are hitting more than five hundred fifty product categories, from chemicals to hockey sticks, and Ottawa is answering with matching duties on American imports. The formal talks meant to stop this collapsed in August, and no new negotiations are scheduled. So the question is whether the two leaders can find a deal before the mutual damage becomes permanent.
  3. The U.S. tariff is fifty percent across more than five hundred fifty tariff subheadings, covering everything from chemicals and plastics to building materials, liquors, and even hockey sticks. It took effect in the early hours of August twenty-second, under three proclamations signed July twentieth, citing Section 338 of the Tariff Act of 1930. The only U.S. tariff level currently quantified is that fifty percent line; there is no separate verified figure for steel, aluminum, autos, dairy, or lumber. A separate ten percent tariff on goods linked to forced labor has been in effect since July twenty-fourth.
  4. Behind that timeline: the talks broke down late on August twenty-first, with each side giving a different account. Prime Minister Carney suspended the talks, called the U.S. tariffs a miscalculation, and has pointed to a lumber tariff dispute as another factor. U.S. Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick blamed Canada's politics.
  5. The president's post accused Carney of making him "the enemy" and warned that Canada's economy would collapse, with political consequences worse than anything Carney has faced. The wording does not use the word "stalling" — that characterization comes from reporting of the post, not the post itself.
  6. Ottawa will match the U.S. dollar for dollar, applying rates of fifteen, twenty-five, and fifty percent to match the U.S. rates on the targeted products. The duties hit twenty-seven point six billion Canadian dollars' worth of American goods, effective this Tuesday. As of Friday, there were no plans to resume talks before then.
  7. Canada's answer to the economic threat is concrete. On the same day as the president's post, Prime Minister Carney announced the largest investment in Via Rail's history: a four point seven billion Canadian dollar contract with Alstom Canada for three hundred thirteen new passenger cars, including twenty-five domes, built entirely in Canada under the federal Buy Canadian policy, using Canadian steel and supporting about seven hundred jobs. It is the first time in four decades that Via Rail cars are built entirely in Canada. Transport Minister Steven McKinnon acknowledged that Via Rail posted a thirty-five percent on-time performance last year, blaming the CN-owned shared freight track the railway depends on. He said he has asked CN and Via to negotiate service improvements.
  8. The political costs are mounting on the American side. Polling cited on the program shows Trump's approval at thirty-four percent, about one in five Americans unaware the Canada tariffs even exist, and only about one in five supporting the trade war. Republican Senator Susan Collins of Maine has broken with the president over the lack of consultation with border states, and California's governor has warned the tariffs could survive beyond Trump's presidency.
  9. So far, the door remains open only on Carney's side. He said Canada is ready for a mutually beneficial deal when the U.S. is ready, but with no negotiations scheduled and counter-tariffs due Tuesday, the two capitals remain locked in a standoff. And as the trade war exacts costs on both sides, the polling suggests Washington's own political footing is already slipping.

来源

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引用来源

  1. Feds invest almost $5B for new made-in-Canada Via Rail cars | Power & PoliticsCBC News · 9月3日 · 视频
  2. 'Until their economy collapses': Trump warns Carney against making him 'enemy' - The Times of Indiatimesofindia.indiatimes.com
  3. Trump warns Canada of 'worse than anything' for its politiciansnews.meaww.com
  4. Trump: Making me an enemy to be bad for Carneyen.apa.az
  5. ‘Until their economy collapses’: Trump warns Carney against making him ‘enemy’ – TrendVista 360trendvista360.com
  6. Trump: Making me an enemy to be bad for Carney - Breaking The Newswww.breakingthenews.net
  7. Trump warns Mark Carney as Canada US trade war deepens: ‘Just watch!’ · Business Upturnbusinessupturn.com
  8. Trump Warns Canada Against Making Him ‘the Enemy’ | Matzav.commatzav.com
  9. 'Until Their Economy Collapses': Trump Warns Carney Against Making Him 'Enemy'ground.news
  10. Trump: Making me an enemy to be bad for Carney - Breaking The Newswww.breakingthenews.net
  11. Trump: Mark Carney Will Be Sorry For Making Me “The Enemy” When It Causes Canada’s Economy To Collapsewww.joemygod.com
  12. Prime Minister Carney announces the largest investment in ...www.pm.gc.ca
  13. Feds announce $4.7B for new Via Rail cars to be built in ...www.cbc.ca
  14. Carney emphasises domestic production as Alstom wins C$4.7bn VIA Rail hauled coach contract - Railway Gazette Internationalwww.railwaygazette.com
  15. VIA Rail cars to be made in Canada for 1st time in 40 years, Carney says - National | Globalnews.caglobalnews.ca
  16. Prime Minister Carney announces the largest investment in VIA Rail’s history to bring passenger rail car manufacturing back to Canada | Prime Minister of Canadawww.pm.gc.ca
  17. Prime Minister Carney announces the largest investment in VIA Rail's history to bring passenger rail car manufacturing back to Canadawww.newswire.ca
  18. Alstom wins landmark contract to renew VIA Rail Canada’s long-distance fleet | WebWirewww.webwire.com
  19. Alstom to build new cars for VIA Rail Canada in Ca$4.7 billion deal (updated) - Trainswww.trains.com
  20. Via Rail's $4.7-Billion Canadian-Built Car Order Lands at a Thunder Bay Plant That Laid Off 200 Workers This Spring | Canada News Mediacanadanewsmedia.ca
  21. Federal Investment in New Via Rail Cars - Ontario Chronicleontariochronicle.ca
  22. Canada, U.S. trade talks reach an impasse - The Globe and Mailwww.theglobeandmail.com
  23. List of products from the United States subject to counter ...www.canada.ca
  24. Canadian prime minister suspends trade talks with U.S., setting new 50% tariffs in motionwww.nbcnews.com
  25. Carney Cites Lumber Tariff Dispute as Another Factor That Derailed US Trade Talkscmsapi.theepochtimes.com
  26. 50% tariffs take effect on Canadian goods after talks collapsetaxnews.ey.com
  27. U.S.–Canada Tariffs: Timeline of Key Dates and Documentswww.blakes.com
  28. Section 338 Tariffs on Canada Take Effect as Canada Announces Retaliatory Response | Global Policy Watchwww.globalpolicywatch.com
  29. How Trump's tariffs are hitting Canadian goods - Medicine Hat NewsMedicine Hat Newsmedicinehatnews.com
  30. Tit for tat? Section 338 tariffs take effect as Canada prepares to retaliate | Gowling WLGgowlingwlg.com
  31. Canada Imposes Counter-Tariffs on C$27.6-Billion of U.S. Imports, Effective September 8, 2026 | Blakeswww.blakes.com

译文更新于 2026年9月24日 GMT-5 08:26

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